Motor imagery (MI) is a mental process that can be recognized by electroencephalography (EEG) without actual movement. It has significant research value and application potential in the field of brain-computer interface (BCI) technology. To address the challenges posed by the non-stationary nature and low signal-to-noise ratio of MI-EEG signals, this study proposed a Riemannian spatial filtering and domain adaptation (RSFDA) method for improving the accuracy and efficiency of cross-session MI-BCI classification tasks. The approach addressed the issue of inconsistent data distribution between source and target domains through a multi-module collaborative framework, which enhanced the generalization capability of cross-session MI-EEG classification models. Comparative experiments were conducted on three public datasets to evaluate RSFDA against eight existing methods in terms of classification accuracy and computational efficiency. The experimental results demonstrated that RSFDA achieved an average classification accuracy of 79.37%, outperforming the state-of-the-art deep learning method Tensor-CSPNet (76.46%) by 2.91% ( P < 0.01). Furthermore, the proposed method showed significantly lower computational costs, requiring only approximately 3 minutes of average training time compared to Tensor-CSPNet's 25 minutes, representing a reduction of 22 minutes. These findings indicate that the RSFDA method demonstrates superior performance in cross-session MI-EEG classification tasks by effectively balancing accuracy and efficiency. However, its applicability in complex transfer learning scenarios remains to be further investigated.
Electroencephalography/methods* ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Humans ; Imagination/physiology* ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Movement/physiology* ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio ; Deep Learning ; Algorithms

Objective:To explore the genetic basis of eighteen patients with tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency (BH4D) from Gansu Province.Methods:Eighteen patients diagnosed with BH4D at Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were selected as the study subjects. Whole exome sequencing was carried out, and candidate variants were verified by Sanger sequencing.Results:All of the thirty-six alleles of the eighteen patients were successfully determined by molecular genetic testing. Sixteen patients were found to harbor variants of the PTS gene, and two had harbored variants of the QDPR gene. Ten variants were detected in the PTS gene, with the most common ones being c. 259C>T (34.38%) and c. 286G>A (15.63%). Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the c. 259C>T was classified as a pathogenic variant, whilst the c. 286G>A, c. 166G>A, c. 200C>T, c. 272A>G, c. 402A>C, c. 421G>T, c. 84-291A>G and c. 317C>T were classified as likely pathogenic variants. A novel c. 289_290insCTT variant was classified as likely pathogenic (PM1+ PM2_Supporting+ PM3+ PP3+ PP4). The two variants (c.478C>T and c. 665C>T) detected in the QDPR gene were both classified as variants of uncertain significance (PM1+ PM2_Supporting+ PP3+ PP4). Conclusion:Genetic testing has clarified the pathogenic variants in these BH4D patients, which has enabled timely and accurate clinical intervention and treatment, and provided a reference for genetic counseling and reproductive guidance for their families.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and influencing factors of allo-HSCT in the treatment of MDS patients with ASXL1+.Methods The second-generation sequencing technique was used to detect 22 gene mutations in 247 newly diagnosed MDS patients in our hospital.The patients were divided into chemotherapy group and transplant group according to treatment style.The differences of OS and PFS between the two groups were compared,and the influencing factors of prognosis of transplant patients were analyzed.Results ASXL1+ was detected in 75 patients(30.36%),with a median mutation ratio of 42.93(18.10,58.39)%,10 received supportive treatment,43 received demethylation therapy or demethylation combined with pre-excitation therapy,and 22 received allo-HSCT.2-year PFS rate and OS rate of transplantation group were significantly higher than that of chemotherapy group(P<0.05).The 2-year OS rate in the low ASXL1 mutation load group(VAF≤42.93%)was significantly higher than that in the high ASXL1 mutation load group(VAF>42.93%)(P<0.05).In the context of allo-HSCT in patients with ASXL1+,2-year OS and PFS rates were significantly reduced in patients with RUNX1+ or ASXL1+(P<0.05);Multivariate analysis showed that high mutation load of ASXL1 or U2AF1+ were independent risk factors for OS in transplant patient(P<0.05).U2AF1+ were the risk factors for PFS(P<0.05).Conclusion allo-HSCT significantly improved the prognosis of patients with ASXL1+ MDS.High ASXL1 mutation load or U2AF1+ were independent risk factors affecting the outcome of allo-HSCT.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after sustained virologic response (SVR) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.Methods:Patients with chronic HCV infection who were treated in Tianjin Second People′s Hospital from January 2012 to April 2019 were enrolled and the incidence of new HCC was retrospectively analyzed. Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the risk factors for HCC.Results:Among the 644 patients with chronic HCV infection, 421 cases (65.4%) had chronic hepatitis C(CHC), 223 cases (34.6%) had hepatitis C cirrhosis, and 34 cases had new HCC. No patient without cirrhosis developed HCC. Cox proportional hazards multivariate analysis showed that Child-Pugh grade B or above (hazard ratio ( HR)=6.050, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 2.658 to 13.771, P<0.001), drinking history ( HR=3.077, 95% CI 1.428 to 6.634, P=0.004), family history of cancer ( HR=2.376, 95% CI 1.155 to 4.888, P=0.019), age≥60 years old ( HR=3.301, 95% CI 1.563 to 6.974, P=0.002), controlled attenuation parameter>292 dB/m ( HR=3.842, 95% CI 1.543 to 9.565, P=0.004) were risk factors for HCC. Conclusions:Patients with CHC, especially cirrhosis, are still at risk of HCC post-SVR. HCC monitoring should be strengthened for individuals over 60 years of age, Child-Pugh grade B or above, with severe fatty liver disease, drinking history or family history of malignancy.

Pancreaticoduodenectomy is cumbersome and difficult to operate,with a long operative time and high risk of postoperative complications,thus it is one of the most complicated operations among general surgery.With the popularization and progress of minimally invasive techniques,minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD) has obtained a well developing.It has been confirmed that MIPD is noninferior or even superior to the traditional open pancreaticoduodenectomy in term of the feasibility,safety and effects of radical cure.However,the relevant conclusions are mostly from single-center retrospective studies,without high-quality evidence support.The authors has reviewed the recent research progress of MIPD in the indications and contraindications,safety,feasibility and tumor curative effect,and illustrated the current status and prospects of MIPD with clinical experience and related literature,contributing to the standardization of MIPD in China.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with the preemptive analgesia with dezocine on the treatment of patients with prolapse and prolapse of hemorrhoids (PPH).Methods A total of 60 patients with PPH were randomly divided into dexmedetomidine + dezocine group (group A) and normal saline + dezocine group (group B).All patients received lowdose saddle anesthesia,and at the time points of saddle anesthesia fixed plane (T0),firing the stapler (T1) and at the end of operation (T2),systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),heart rate (HR),Ramsay sedation score,the incidence of postoperative analgesic effect and complications were compared between two groups.Results At T1 and T2,the SBP,DBP and HR of group A were significantly lower than those of group B (P ＜ 0.05),and the score of Ramsay sedation was significantly higher than that of group B (P ＜ 0.05).The analgesic effect VAS scores of group A at 4,8,12,24 and 48 h after operation were significantly lower than those in group B (P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in anal distention and discomfort between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).There were significant differences in the incidence of urinary retention,nausea and vomiting,and nocturnal sleep disorders between the two groups (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine combined with preemptive analgesia with dezocine is effective in treatment of patients with PPH surgery.

Objective: To test the expression of miR-1178 in pancreatic cancer and study its clinicopathological significance and mechanism. Methods: The expression of miR-1178 in 87 paired paraffin pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma specimens and adjacent non- cancerous pancreatic tissue diagnosed by Pathology Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital was detected by hybridization in situ. The relationship between the expression of miR-1178 and clinicopathological characters was analyzed.miR-1178 mimics and inhibitor were used to further detect the close relationship among miR-1178 and cancer invasion. Establish a nude mice subcutaneously transplanted tumor model, 4 weeks after vaccination for tumor volume and weight measurement.Student t-test, rank sum test, and χ² test was used respectively to compare the data between two groups. Cox regression was adopted to improve the single factor and multiple factors analysis. Results: The results of hybridization in situ showed the expression of miR-1178 was increased in 72 cases with pancreatic cancer compared to that in paired normal pancreatic tissues (50/72 vs. 11/72, χ²=43.26, P<0.05). miR-1178 expression was positively associated with tumor lymph node stage (χ²=4.189, P=0.041). Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that miR-1178 was an independent adverse prognostic indicator for patients with pancreatic cancer (HR=2.364, 95%CI: 1.114-5.019, P=0.025). Transwell assay indicated the over-expression of miR-1178 increased the number of AsPC-1 cells that penetrated the ECM-coated membrane (177.0±19.8 vs. 119.7±15.9)(χ²=8.21, P<0.05). For the in vivo experiment, overexpression of miR-1178 significantly promoted tumor growth, compared with control group (tumor volume: (5 122.4±760.2)mm³ vs. (1 976.8±601.8)mm³, t=2.413, P<0.05; tumor weight: (1.55±0.21)g vs. (0.67±0.17)g, t=2.960, P<0.05). Over-expression of miR-1178 down-regulated the expression of Stub1 and elevated the expression of FAK/MMP-9 signal pathway(P<0.05). Conclusions MiR-1178 is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer, and is effective for predicting patients′ prognosis. MiR-1178 regulate Stub1/FAK/MMP-9 signal pathway and promote the invasion of AsPC-1 cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with the preemptive analgesia with dezocine on the treatment of patients with prolapse and prolapse of hemorrhoids (PPH).Methods A total of 60 patients with PPH were randomly divided into dexmedetomidine + dezocine group (group A) and normal saline + dezocine group (group B).All patients received lowdose saddle anesthesia,and at the time points of saddle anesthesia fixed plane (T0),firing the stapler (T1) and at the end of operation (T2),systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),heart rate (HR),Ramsay sedation score,the incidence of postoperative analgesic effect and complications were compared between two groups.Results At T1 and T2,the SBP,DBP and HR of group A were significantly lower than those of group B (P ＜ 0.05),and the score of Ramsay sedation was significantly higher than that of group B (P ＜ 0.05).The analgesic effect VAS scores of group A at 4,8,12,24 and 48 h after operation were significantly lower than those in group B (P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in anal distention and discomfort between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).There were significant differences in the incidence of urinary retention,nausea and vomiting,and nocturnal sleep disorders between the two groups (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine combined with preemptive analgesia with dezocine is effective in treatment of patients with PPH surgery.

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas (SPN) is a rare neoplasm which primarily affects young women without specific clinical manifestation.Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging contribute to the preoperative diagnosis of SPN.Surgery is the main treatment approach for SPN and more research of radiation and chemotherapy is needed.Tumor diameter larger than 5 cm,tumor infiltrating nerve,vessel or adipose tissue can increase the risk of recurrence.However,these patients can still get good prognosis after surgical resection.

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas (SPN) is a rare neoplasm which primarily affects young women without specific clinical manifestation.Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging contribute to the preoperative diagnosis of SPN.Surgery is the main treatment approach for SPN and more research of radiation and chemotherapy is needed.Tumor diameter larger than 5 cm,tumor infiltrating nerve,vessel or adipose tissue can increase the risk of recurrence.However,these patients can still get good prognosis after surgical resection.