OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanisms of Buyang huanwu decoction （BYHWD） and its active fractions in ameliorating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. METHODS BYHWD and its effective fractions obtained through ethanol precipitation， as well as 30% ethanol， 50% ethanol， and 75% ethanol fractions （namely， the CC effective fraction， 30YC effective fraction， 50YC effective fraction， and 75YC effective fraction）， were prepared. These preparations were administered to rats via intragastric administration to prepare corresponding drug-containing serum （blank serum and simvastatin-containing serum were prepared using the same protocol）. Human L02 hepatocytes were divided into control group， model group， simvastatin-containing serum group， BYHWD-containing serum group， CC-containing serum group， 30YC-containing serum group， 50YC-containing serum group， and 75YC-containing serum group. Except for the control group， other groups were given 0.2 mol/L oleic acid for 24 h to induce a lipid accumulation model， and then intervened with 20% drug-containing serum/blank serum for 24 h. The lipid deposition in cells was observed， and the proportion of lipid droplet area was calculated； the levels of triglycerides （TG） and indicators of oxidative stress [malondialdehyde （MDA）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）] as well as liver function [alanine amino- transferase （ALT）， aspartate amino-transferase （AST）] in cells were detected； protein and mRNA expressions of AMP-activated protein kinase （AMPK）/sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 （SREBP-1）/glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase （GPAT） signaling pathway were also measured. RESULTS Compared with the control group， cells in the model group exhibited severe cellular steatosis， with a significantly increased proportion of lipid droplet area， as well as the elevated levels of TG， ALT， AST， and MDA in cells， along with significantly up-regulated mRNA and protein expression levels of SREBP-1 and GPAT （P＜0.05）. The level of SOD， mRNA expression of AMPK， as well as the protein phosphorylation level of AMPK were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with the model group， cellular steatosis was alleviated in all drug-containing serum groups， and the levels of most of the aforementioned quantitative indicators were significantly reversed （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS BYHWD and its active fractions can exert a therapeutic effect on improving non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating the AMPK/SREBP-1/GPAT signaling pathway， inhibiting oxidative stress responses， and reducing lipid deposition.

Cholesterol is a crucial lipid in the human body.Elevated levels of cholesterol can result in condi-tions such as hypercholesterolemia.3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase(HMGCR)serves as a pivotal en-zyme in the synthesis of cholesterol,acting as a rate-limiting factor.As a result,HMGCR plays a critical role in maintain-ing cholesterol balance,with the regulatory processes being intricate in vivo.This review outlines the advancements in un-derstanding the regulatory mechanisms of HMGCR,encompassing transcriptional control,degradation pathways,and en-zyme activity.

Cholesterol is a crucial lipid in the human body.Elevated levels of cholesterol can result in condi-tions such as hypercholesterolemia.3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase(HMGCR)serves as a pivotal en-zyme in the synthesis of cholesterol,acting as a rate-limiting factor.As a result,HMGCR plays a critical role in maintain-ing cholesterol balance,with the regulatory processes being intricate in vivo.This review outlines the advancements in un-derstanding the regulatory mechanisms of HMGCR,encompassing transcriptional control,degradation pathways,and en-zyme activity.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Buyang huanwu decoction on red blood cells in hyperlipidemia model mice. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet to prepare a hyperlipidemia model. Successfully modeled mice were randomly assigned to the model group， atorvastatin calcium group （0.26 g/kg）， fenofibrate group （1.3 mg/kg）， and high-， medium-， and low- dose groups of Buyang huanwu decoction （18.6， 9.3， 4.6 g/kg）， with 10 mice in each group. Additionally， 10 mice fed with regular chow served as the normal group. Each group of mice received intragastric administration with the corresponding drug or normal saline once daily for 21 consecutive days. After the last administration， the body weight of the mice in each group was measured， and blood glucose， total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TAG）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） levels were measured. Red blood cell morphology changes were observed， and the expression levels of glucose transporter type 1 （GLUT1）， erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.2 （protein 4.2）， caveolin-1， and flotillin-1 in erythrocyte membrane were determined. RESULTS Compared with the model group， the body weight and levels of TC， TAG， HDL-C， LDL-C， and the expression levels of GLUT1， caveolin-1 and flotillin-1 in the Buyang huanwu decoction groups were significantly decreased， while blood glucose levels and the expression levels of protein 4.2 were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. The red blood cell morphology in the low- and medium-dose groups of Buyang huanwu decoction was significantly promoted. CONCLUSIONS Buyang huanwu decoction can reduce blood lipid levels in hyperlipidemia model mice and strengthen the morphology and function of red blood cells in a hyperlipidemic environment， which has the potential to be used for preventing hyperlipidemia complications such as atherosclerosis.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment on systemic inflammatory response syndrome after trauma. Methods Totally 86 cases of severe trauma patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome in ICU were randomly divided into control group and treatment group. The control group was given routine treatment of ulinastatin, and the treatment group was treated with Xuebijing injection 50 mL, intravenously injected twice per day and rhubarb powder 10 g through stomach tube twice per day for 5 days. The clinical effect and levels of inflammatory factors before and after treatment of the two groups were observed. Results During 5 days of treatment, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 of the treatment group decreased continuously (P<0.05), while which of the control group increased continuously (P<0.05). CRP level of the two groups had no significant difference in the first day of treatment (P>0.05), but which of the treatment group was lower than the control group from the second day of treatment (P<0.05). The average hospital stay, ICU stay, 28 d mortality and APACHEⅡ score of the treatment group were better than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Xuebijing injection and rhubarb powder in addition to conventional treatment can relieve inflammatory response, effectively inhibit the generation and release of inflammatory mediators, improve the survival rate of systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

10.3969/j.issn.1008-9691.2013.03.010