Celiac disease(CeD)is an autoimmune small intestinal disorder caused by the interplay of genetic susceptibility and environmental factors,primarily affects individuals carrying HLA-DQ2/DQ8 genes.Once considered as a rare disease,the global incidence of CeD has steadily risen,posing a growing public health concern.Epidemiological surveys on CeD have been conducted in certain regions of China,with prelimi-nary results indicating a non-negligible disease prevalence.However,diagnostic delays remain prevalent,and delayed and untreated patients may face long-term complications including malnutrition,concurrent autoimmune disorders,and even cancers.This article provides an overview of CeD epidemiology,analyzes its common clini-cal manifestations and high-risk populations,and summarizes protocols for early screening and diagnosis,aiming to offer references for clinical management of CeD.

Celiac disease(CeD)is an autoimmune small intestinal disorder caused by the interplay of genetic susceptibility and environmental factors,primarily affects individuals carrying HLA-DQ2/DQ8 genes.Once considered as a rare disease,the global incidence of CeD has steadily risen,posing a growing public health concern.Epidemiological surveys on CeD have been conducted in certain regions of China,with prelimi-nary results indicating a non-negligible disease prevalence.However,diagnostic delays remain prevalent,and delayed and untreated patients may face long-term complications including malnutrition,concurrent autoimmune disorders,and even cancers.This article provides an overview of CeD epidemiology,analyzes its common clini-cal manifestations and high-risk populations,and summarizes protocols for early screening and diagnosis,aiming to offer references for clinical management of CeD.