The intestinal microecology is closely related to the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The intestinal microbiota and its metabolites can regulate the tumor immune microenvironment through the "gut-liver axis", promoting cancer progression. Therefore, the intestinal microbiome is gradually demonstrating the potential as a biomarker for early diagnosis of HCC and prediction of the efficacy of immunotherapy. Targeted intervention on the intestinal microecology (such as probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, dietary regulation, etc.) may enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and is becoming a promising combination therapy strategy. In the future, HCC treatment will rely on multi-omics integration, artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis, and synthetic biology tools to promote the translation of precise gut flora intervention strategies from basic research to the clinic. This article summarized the latest research progress of intestinal microecology in HCC, explored its potential value and development direction for precision diagnosis and treatment of HCC, and provided a theoretical basis for the clinical application of related intervention strategies.

Objective:To explore the value of combining gut microbiota and clinical features for preoperative microvascular invasion (MVI) prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:Clinical data and fecal samples were collected from 71 HCC patients who underwent curative resection at Ningbo Second Hospital between Jan 2023 and Aug 2024. Among them, 41 patients were assigned to the training set and 30 to the validation set. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to evaluate the influence of clinical features on the microbiota. Differences in alpha and beta diversity between the MVI-negative and MVI-positive groups were assessed. Differential genera were identified using the Wilcoxon test and LEfSe analysis. A random forest model and Logistic regression were employed to screen key differential genera, followed by ROC analysis. Genera with high ROC values were further validated in the validation set.Results:RDA indicated that MVI was a key factor influencing gut microbiota composition. The random forest model (AUC=0.925), combined with Logistic regression analysis, identified four genera: Acidovorax ( OR=0.618), Tissierella ( OR=1.293), Chitinophaga ( OR=4.596), and Virgisporangium ( OR=0.960), as well as two clinical features: tumor diameter ( OR=0.668) and liver cirrhosis ( OR=14.011), as independent risk factors. ROC analysis showed that in the training set, the combination of Chitinophaga (AUC=0.71) and tumor diameter (AUC=0.75) had the best diagnostic performance (AUC=0.87). In the validation set, the combination of Virgisporangium (AUC=0.80) and tumor diameter (AUC=0.79) yielded the highest diagnostic performance (AUC=0.87). Conclusions:A genomics-based model combining gut microbiota and clinical features shows promising predictive value for noninvasive preoperative assessment of MVI status in HCC patients.

Objective:To explore the training method for personalized eyebrow shape design before eyebrow transplantation surgery and to evaluate its effectiveness.Methods:Thirty physicians with similar foundational knowledge in facial aesthetic design and equivalent educational backgrounds were prospectively selected from the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University and Beijing Biliansheng Medical Beauty Clinic from January to December 2023. All the physicians were right-handed. Based on prior experience in eyebrow transplantation surgery, they were divided into two groups: an observation group [ n=20; 10 males, 10 females; aged (27.8±3.9) years] without experience in personalized eyebrow transplantation surgery, and a control group [ n=10; 5 males, 5 females; aged (29.6±4.0) years] with at least 2 years of experience in personalized eyebrow transplantation surgery. All the physicians received 2 hours of theoretical instruction on personalized eyebrow shape design and 8 hours of simulated operation training. Differences in personalized eyebrow design scores between the two groups were compared before and after training. After the assessment, physicians in the observation group performed eyebrow shape design on 20 eyebrow transplantation patients with randomly assigned face shapes, and patient satisfaction was evaluated. Results:Before training, personalized eyebrow design scores were 1.16±0.29 for the observation group and 3.75±0.22 for the control group, showing a statistically significant difference ( P<0.001). After operation training, the scores were 4.51±0.11 for the observation group and 4.89±0.08 for the control group, with no statistically significant difference ( P>0.05). The difference between pre- and post-training scores within the observation group was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Physicians in the observation group designed eyebrow shapes for male and female patients with various face shapes. Immediately after surgery, 80% (16/20) of patients were very satisfied, and 20% (4/20) were satisfied. Conclusion:After training of combined theoretical lectures, simulated practice, and hands-on patient design, physicians in the observation group demonstrate improved ability in personalized eyebrow shape design and achieve high patient satisfaction.

High glucose-induced vascular endothelial cell injury serves as a primary pathological factor contributing to delayed healing of diabetic wounds. Effective wound vascularization remains a core challenge in tissue engineering research. Hydrogel-based injectable technology and three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology, through synergistic innovation of biomaterials and advanced manufacturing processes, enable precise construction of bionic tissue structures, laying the foundation for functional organ replacement. This review focuses on discussing the synergistic strategies of injectable hydrogels and 3D bioprinted hydrogels in tissue engineering vascularization, as well as the clinical translation of intraoperative bioprinting and its synergistic vascularization strategies, which is currently in urgent need of development. These advancements are expected to provide novel strategies for the repair of diabetic wounds.

Objective To assess the clinical value of a novel surgical technique—Tubeless subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with percutaneous suspension technique via balance-shaped sternal elevation device in the resection of anterior mediastinal masses. Methods Patients who underwent tubeless subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery via balance-shaped sternal elevation device in anterior mediastinal masses process at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University from March to April 2025 were included, and their clinical data were analyzed. Results A total of 4 patients were included, with 2 males and 2 females, aged 58-75 years. The diameter of the tumor was 2.5-3.0 cm. The operation time was 60.0-150.0 min, intraoperative blood loss was 5-10 mL, pain score on the 3rd day after surgery was 0 points, and postoperative hospital stay was 2-3 days. All patients achieved complete resection of the masses and thymus without perioperative complications. Conclusion The tubeless subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with percutaneous suspension technique via balance-shaped sternal elevation device technique optimizes surgical visualization and instrument maneuverability while avoiding complications related to conventional anesthesia and tubing, thereby markedly enhancing the minimally invasive profile of anterior mediastinal masses resections. In addition to maintaining procedural safety, this approach effectively reduces postoperative pain and accelerates patient recovery, highlighting its potential for widespread clinical adoption.

Objective To explore the relationship and predictive value between serum neurofilament light chain protein(NfL),endothelial cell specific molecule-1(Endocan),B cell activating factor(BAFF)and epi-lepsy secondary to acute cerebral infarction(ACI).Methods From June 2020 to June 2023,135 patients with secondary epilepsy due to ACI admitted to the hospital were included in the epilepsy group,and 90 ACI pa-tients without secondary epilepsy admitted during the same period were included in the non-epilepsy group.The general data of the two groups and the levels of serum NfL,Endocan and BAFF were determined and compared.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the related influencing factors of epilepsy sec-ondary to ACI.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum NfL,Endocan and BAFF for epilepsy secondary to ACI.Results Compared with non-epilepsy group,the age,the proportion of infarction lesions involving cortex,the proportion of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NISSH)score≥15 points,the proportion of infarct volume＞10 cm3,the proportion of family history of epilepsy,and serum NfL,Endocan and BAFF were significantly increased in epileptic group(P＜0.05).Among patients with infarction lesions involving cortex and NISSH score ≥15 points,the expression levels of serum NfL,Endocan,and BAFF were significantly higher in those with epilepsy than in those without epilepsy(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that infarction involving the cortex,NISSH score ≥15 points,elevated serum NfL,Endocan and BAFF were risk factors for secondary epilepsy in ACI(P＜0.05).The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve and specificity of the combined prediction of serum NfL,Endocan,and BAFF for secondary epilepsy in ACI were superior to those of individual detection or the combined detection of the two(P＜0.05).Conclusion The high expression of serum NfL,Endocan and BAFF are risk factors for secondary epilepsy in ACI.The combined detection of the three has a high predictive value for secondary epilepsy in ACI.

In recent years, the research on the microbial community within cancer has gradually attracted attention. The microbiota within the tumor affects the immune regulation of liver cancer and may promote the progression of liver cancer through inflammatory responses, metabolic regulation, etc. This article explores the sources and distribution characteristics of microorganisms in liver cancer, their potential mechanism of action in the occurrence and development of liver cancer, and evaluates the application prospects of intratumoral microorganisms in the early diagnosis, treatment response prediction and personalized treatment of liver cancer, especially their potential value in targeted therapy, providing new ideas for microbial intervention in future precision medicine.

To address the problem of data silos in dental specialties caused by equipment heterogeneity, this study developed an Intelligent Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled dental chair platform (hereinafter referred to as the intelligent platform) based on the concept of medical-engineering integration. The platform adopts a three-tier chair-domain interconnection architecture: the bottom tier integrates multi-source sensors and standardized interfaces for automated data acquisition and linkage with hospital information systems; the middle tier provides clinic-level management and remote teaching collaboration; and the top tier employs a blockchain-based secure cloud database for resource allocation and data management. Clinical validation at The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University demonstrated that, compared with a control group from the same period in 2023, the trial group achieved a 38.0% increase in average daily patient visits (80.6±6.8 vs. 58.4±5.2, t=15.16, P<0.001), a 24.6% reduction in average treatment time [(36.1±6.3) min vs. (47.9±8.5) min, t=7.72, P<0.001], a 39.2% reduction in waiting time [23.3 (16.5, 30.1) min vs. 38.3 (28.3, 48.3) min, U=32.00, P<0.001], a 30.4% reduction in equipment idle rate [8.7% (5.1%, 12.3%) vs. 12.5% (7.4%, 17.6%), U=251.00, P=0.003], and an increase in patient satisfaction from 88.2% (1 519/1 723) to 94.3% (2 186/2 318) ( t=7.26, P<0.001). User research confirmed that the functions most favored by clinicians and patients were "dental chair parameter updating and clinical data integration" [74.7% (80/107)] and "chairside display of diagnostic images" [76.8% (119/155)], respectively. Looking forward, the intelligent platform has the potential to integrate artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis and 5G-enabled multicenter collaboration to further expand its clinical applications and accelerate the digital transformation of dental healthcare.

Objective:To explore the training method for personalized eyebrow shape design before eyebrow transplantation surgery and to evaluate its effectiveness.Methods:Thirty physicians with similar foundational knowledge in facial aesthetic design and equivalent educational backgrounds were prospectively selected from the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University and Beijing Biliansheng Medical Beauty Clinic from January to December 2023. All the physicians were right-handed. Based on prior experience in eyebrow transplantation surgery, they were divided into two groups: an observation group [ n=20; 10 males, 10 females; aged (27.8±3.9) years] without experience in personalized eyebrow transplantation surgery, and a control group [ n=10; 5 males, 5 females; aged (29.6±4.0) years] with at least 2 years of experience in personalized eyebrow transplantation surgery. All the physicians received 2 hours of theoretical instruction on personalized eyebrow shape design and 8 hours of simulated operation training. Differences in personalized eyebrow design scores between the two groups were compared before and after training. After the assessment, physicians in the observation group performed eyebrow shape design on 20 eyebrow transplantation patients with randomly assigned face shapes, and patient satisfaction was evaluated. Results:Before training, personalized eyebrow design scores were 1.16±0.29 for the observation group and 3.75±0.22 for the control group, showing a statistically significant difference ( P<0.001). After operation training, the scores were 4.51±0.11 for the observation group and 4.89±0.08 for the control group, with no statistically significant difference ( P>0.05). The difference between pre- and post-training scores within the observation group was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Physicians in the observation group designed eyebrow shapes for male and female patients with various face shapes. Immediately after surgery, 80% (16/20) of patients were very satisfied, and 20% (4/20) were satisfied. Conclusion:After training of combined theoretical lectures, simulated practice, and hands-on patient design, physicians in the observation group demonstrate improved ability in personalized eyebrow shape design and achieve high patient satisfaction.

High glucose-induced vascular endothelial cell injury serves as a primary pathological factor contributing to delayed healing of diabetic wounds. Effective wound vascularization remains a core challenge in tissue engineering research. Hydrogel-based injectable technology and three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology, through synergistic innovation of biomaterials and advanced manufacturing processes, enable precise construction of bionic tissue structures, laying the foundation for functional organ replacement. This review focuses on discussing the synergistic strategies of injectable hydrogels and 3D bioprinted hydrogels in tissue engineering vascularization, as well as the clinical translation of intraoperative bioprinting and its synergistic vascularization strategies, which is currently in urgent need of development. These advancements are expected to provide novel strategies for the repair of diabetic wounds.