OBJECTIVE To analyze the distribution characteristics of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis(AR)in Ningbo,so as to provide a reference for the scientific and accurate prevention and treatment of AR.METHODS A retrospective collection was performed for 2 329 AR patients with typical clinical symptoms who underwent serum allergen specific immunoglobulin E(sIgE)testing in the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University from May 2021 to April 2024,and compared the distribution of positive rates of inhaled allergens and ingested allergens in different genders,seasons and ages.RESULTS 1.Among the 2 329 AR patients,the positive rate of sIgE was 55.00%,including 53.20%for inhalation allergens and 10.91%for ingestion allergens;2.The allergens of AR patients in Ningbo were mainly inhaled allergens,and the top 5 were house dust mites(90.16%),dust mites(86.61%),tropical parachus(17.66%),the top 5 allergens of cat hair(9.92%)and dog hair(7.82%)were milk(57.87%),shrimp(30.71%),crab(19.29%),egg white(17.32%)and peanut(9.84%);3.There was a statistically significant difference in the positive rates of sIgE between house dust mites in inhaled allergens and milk,crab and shrimp in ingested allergens among different gender groups(P<0.05);4.There was no significant difference in the positive rate of each allergen among patients of different ages and disease seasons(P>0.05),but 56.44%of AR patients were concentrated in minors,and the positive rate of house dust mites was statistically significant among minors(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The main allergens causing AR in Ningbo are house dust mites and dust mites,and the prevention and control work should be actively carried out,precise allergen-specific immunotherapy should be promoted,and the treatment of juvenile AR patients should be emphasized.