BACKGROUND:At present,osteoarthritis has become a major disease affecting the quality of life of the elderly,and the therapeutic effect is poor,often focusing on preventing the disease process,and the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is still not fully understood.Bioinformatics analysis was carried out to explore the main pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and related mechanisms of gene coding regulation. OBJECTIVE:To screen core differential genes with a major role in osteoarthritis by gene expression profiling. METHODS:Datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO):GSE114007,GSE117999,and GSE129147.Differential genes in the GSE114007 and GSE117999 data collections were screened using R software,performing differential genes to weighted gene co-expression network analysis.The module genes most relevant to osteoarthritis were selected to perform protein interaction analysis.Candidate core genes were selected using the cytocape software.The candidate core genes were subsequently subjected to least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and COX analysis to identify the core genes with a key role in osteoarthritis.The accuracy of the core genes was validated using an external dataset,GSE129147. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A total of 477 differential genes were identified,265 differential genes associated with osteoarthritis were obtained by weighted gene co-expression network analysis,and 8 candidate core genes were identified.The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis finally yielded a differential gene ASPM with core value that was externally validated.(2)It is concluded that abnormal gene ASPM expression screened by bioinformatics plays a key central role in osteoarthritis.

Our research reveals the critical role of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) neurons in mediating light-induced transient forgetting. Acute exposure to bright light selectively impairs trace fear memory by activating VIP neurons in the SCN, as demonstrated by increased c-Fos expression and Ca²⁺ recording. This effect can be replicated and reversed through optogenetic and chemogenetic manipulations of SCN VIP neurons. Furthermore, we identify the SCN → PVT (paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus) VIP neuronal circuitry as essential in this process. These findings establish a novel role for SCN VIP neurons in modulating memory accessibility in response to environmental light cues, extending their known function beyond circadian regulation and revealing a mechanism for transient forgetting.
Animals ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide/metabolism* ; Male ; Mice ; Neurons/metabolism* ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus/physiology* ; Light ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Memory/physiology* ; Fear/physiology* ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Neurons/metabolism* ; Optogenetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos/metabolism*

Objective: To analyze the demographic characteristics of patients with red blood cell transfusion reactions, the usage of red blood cell preparations, and the differences in the composition ratio of adverse reactions based on multi-center data from the Haemovigilance Network, in order to reveal the clinical characteristics of red blood cell transfusion and its underlying issues. Methods: Clinical data of patients who experienced transfusion reactions after red blood cell transfusion in the Haemovigilance Network from 2018 to 2023 were collected. The demographic characteristics of patients who experienced transfusion reactions with different types of red blood cell preparations, the utilization of these preparations, and the differences of the composition ratios of transfusion reactions were analyzed. Count data were expressed as numbers (n) or percentages (%), and comparisons between groups were performed using the Chi-square test. Results: Red blood cell transfusion reactions were more common in females (53.56%), with the majority of patients aged 50-69 years (35.54%). The Han polulation accounted for the vast majority of patients (92.77%), and patients in the hematology and obstetrics/gynecology departments had a relatively high proportion of transfusion reactions (13.26% and 14.26%, respectively). Leukocyte-reduced red blood cells and suspended red blood cells were the most common types of transfusion reactions reported among red blood cell preparations. Allergic reactions and non-hemolytic febrile reactions were the most common transfusion reactions, and there were significant differences in the composition ratios of allergic reactions (χ =869.89, P<0.05) and non-hemolytic febrile reactions (χ =812.75, P<0.05) across various types of red blood cell preparations. Conclusion: There are differences in the demographic characteristics and composition ratio of transfusion reactions among different red blood cell preparations. The management of red blood cell transfusion reactions should be tailored to patient characteristics and conditions, and the selection and use of blood products should be optimized to reduce or avoid the occurrence of transfusion reactions, such as considering the use of washed red blood cells for patients with a history of transfusion allergies or those prone to allergies.

Objective:To analyze the results of detection and determinants of thyroid nodules among civil pilots, and to provide evidence for health management and aeromedical support.Methods:The results of health examination and flight data of 2 451 pilots at Xiamen Airlines Co., Ltd. collected between July 1, 2021 and June 30, 2022 was retrospectively analyzed. These pilots were divided into a non-nodule group and a nodule group based on thyroid ultrasound findings. Gender,age, flying hours, body mass index, prevalence of hypertension, blood routine parameters, lipid profiles, liver and kidney function, fasting plasma glucose, and long-haul flight frequency were compared between the 2 groups. Multivariate Logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for thyroid nodules.Results:Among the 2 397 civil pilots, 2 301 were in the non-nodule group and 96 in the nodule group, with a detection rate of 4.01%. Most of these nodules were solitary and small (<1 cm in diameter, 52.08%), and classified as Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System 3 (likely benign, 53.13%). Detection rates of nodules were significantly higher among clivil pilots of older age or with longer flying hours ( χ2=25.17,36.86,both P<0.001). Overweight/obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia, and frequent long-haul flights were also associated with higher prevalence of thyroid nodules ( χ2=14.81, 6.17, 10.86, 11.57, 4.12, P<0.001,=0.013, 0.001, 0.001,0.042). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis pointed to the following independent risk factors: flying hours of 10 001-15 000 ( OR=4.005, 95% CI: 1.952-8.216) and over 15 000 ( OR=5.220, 95% CI: 2.415-11.285), overweight/obesity ( OR=1.646, 95% CI: 1.052-2.576) and hyperuricaemia ( OR=1.838, 95% CI: 1.204-2.804). Conclusions:The detection rate of thyroid nodules among civil pilots is relatively low. The occurrence is linked to advanced age, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and long-haul flight frequency, with cumulative flying hours, overweight/obesity and hyperuricemia as key risk factors. Aviation healthcare providers and medical examiners should provide targeted guidance and interventions related to modifiable risk factors to safeguard clivil pilots′ occupational health.

Objective:To study the changes in biliary fluid dynamics in patients with hepatolithiasis after cholecystectomy.Methods:The clinical data of 101 patients with hepatolithiasis who underwent percutaneous transhepatic scleroscopic choledochotomy for stone extraction at the First Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from September 2021 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed, among which there were 47 males and 54 females with the age of (51.8±15.7) years. They were divided into two groups based on whether they had undergone previous cholecystectomy or not: cholecystectomy group ( n=53) and non-chole-cystectomy group ( n=48). The pressures in the left hepatic duct, right hepatic duct and lower end of the common bile duct were compared between the two groups, as well as the viscosity of bile at different rates of incision. Results:There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics such as gender, age, and liver function between the two groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the non-cholecystectomy group, the bile viscosity in the cholecystectomy group were significantly lower at shear rates of 1/s, 50/s, and 200/s [1/s: (8.96±1.15) mPa·s vs. (13.13±1.25) mPa·s; 50/s: (2.37±0.18) mPa·s vs. (3.59±0.34) mPa·s; 200/s: (1.82±0.13) mPa·s vs. (2.25±0.15) mPa·s], with statistically significant diffe-rences (all P<0.05). The biliary pressure in the left hepatic duct, right hepatic duct, and lower end of the common bile duct in the cholecystectomy group were significantly higher than that in the non-cholecystectomy group [left hepatic duct: (16.43±7.02) cmH 2O vs. (13.84±5.07) cmH 2O; right hepatic duct: (16.71±7.36) cmH 2O vs. (13.76±5.03) cmH 2O; lower end of the common bile duct: (14.60±6.73) cmH 2O vs. (10.58±4.84) cmH 2O] (1 cmH 2O=0.098 kPa), with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Bile viscosity decreases after cholecystectomy in patients with hepatolithiasis, whereas biliary pressure increases at the left and right hepatic ducts and at the lower end of the common bile duct, and these changes may be closely related to the mechanism of hepatolithiasis formation and recurrence.

Objective:To study the changes in biliary fluid dynamics in patients with hepatolithiasis after cholecystectomy.Methods:The clinical data of 101 patients with hepatolithiasis who underwent percutaneous transhepatic scleroscopic choledochotomy for stone extraction at the First Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from September 2021 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed, among which there were 47 males and 54 females with the age of (51.8±15.7) years. They were divided into two groups based on whether they had undergone previous cholecystectomy or not: cholecystectomy group ( n=53) and non-chole-cystectomy group ( n=48). The pressures in the left hepatic duct, right hepatic duct and lower end of the common bile duct were compared between the two groups, as well as the viscosity of bile at different rates of incision. Results:There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics such as gender, age, and liver function between the two groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the non-cholecystectomy group, the bile viscosity in the cholecystectomy group were significantly lower at shear rates of 1/s, 50/s, and 200/s [1/s: (8.96±1.15) mPa·s vs. (13.13±1.25) mPa·s; 50/s: (2.37±0.18) mPa·s vs. (3.59±0.34) mPa·s; 200/s: (1.82±0.13) mPa·s vs. (2.25±0.15) mPa·s], with statistically significant diffe-rences (all P<0.05). The biliary pressure in the left hepatic duct, right hepatic duct, and lower end of the common bile duct in the cholecystectomy group were significantly higher than that in the non-cholecystectomy group [left hepatic duct: (16.43±7.02) cmH 2O vs. (13.84±5.07) cmH 2O; right hepatic duct: (16.71±7.36) cmH 2O vs. (13.76±5.03) cmH 2O; lower end of the common bile duct: (14.60±6.73) cmH 2O vs. (10.58±4.84) cmH 2O] (1 cmH 2O=0.098 kPa), with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Bile viscosity decreases after cholecystectomy in patients with hepatolithiasis, whereas biliary pressure increases at the left and right hepatic ducts and at the lower end of the common bile duct, and these changes may be closely related to the mechanism of hepatolithiasis formation and recurrence.

Objective:To analyze the results of detection and determinants of thyroid nodules among civil pilots, and to provide evidence for health management and aeromedical support.Methods:The results of health examination and flight data of 2 451 pilots at Xiamen Airlines Co., Ltd. collected between July 1, 2021 and June 30, 2022 was retrospectively analyzed. These pilots were divided into a non-nodule group and a nodule group based on thyroid ultrasound findings. Gender,age, flying hours, body mass index, prevalence of hypertension, blood routine parameters, lipid profiles, liver and kidney function, fasting plasma glucose, and long-haul flight frequency were compared between the 2 groups. Multivariate Logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for thyroid nodules.Results:Among the 2 397 civil pilots, 2 301 were in the non-nodule group and 96 in the nodule group, with a detection rate of 4.01%. Most of these nodules were solitary and small (<1 cm in diameter, 52.08%), and classified as Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System 3 (likely benign, 53.13%). Detection rates of nodules were significantly higher among clivil pilots of older age or with longer flying hours ( χ2=25.17,36.86,both P<0.001). Overweight/obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia, and frequent long-haul flights were also associated with higher prevalence of thyroid nodules ( χ2=14.81, 6.17, 10.86, 11.57, 4.12, P<0.001,=0.013, 0.001, 0.001,0.042). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis pointed to the following independent risk factors: flying hours of 10 001-15 000 ( OR=4.005, 95% CI: 1.952-8.216) and over 15 000 ( OR=5.220, 95% CI: 2.415-11.285), overweight/obesity ( OR=1.646, 95% CI: 1.052-2.576) and hyperuricaemia ( OR=1.838, 95% CI: 1.204-2.804). Conclusions:The detection rate of thyroid nodules among civil pilots is relatively low. The occurrence is linked to advanced age, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and long-haul flight frequency, with cumulative flying hours, overweight/obesity and hyperuricemia as key risk factors. Aviation healthcare providers and medical examiners should provide targeted guidance and interventions related to modifiable risk factors to safeguard clivil pilots′ occupational health.

Objective To investigate the antioxidant activity of bamboo stem extracts and the therapeutic effect of bamboo stem water extract on oxidative inflammation induced by tert butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) in human colon adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2). Methods In this study, ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays were used to determine the extracellular antioxidant activity of petroleum ether extract, ethyl acetate extract, n-butanol extract, 95% ethanol extract, and distilled water extract from bamboo stems. The human intestinal Caco-2 cell line was used as the model cell, and t-BHP was selected as the oxidative stress modeling agent. The CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell viability and the optimal oxidative damage concentration of t-BHP. The content of MDA, 8-OHdG, TNF-α and IL-1β were detected to assess antioxidant stress effect. Results The five extracts of bamboo all had certain antioxidant activity, among which the water extract of bamboo stem had the best comprehensive antioxidant activity with high cell viability in Caco-2 cells. The optimal modeling concentration of t-BHP was 200 μMol/L. The water extract of bamboo stem significantly reduced the content of oxidative stress related biomarkers and inflammatory factors in Caco-2 cells induced by t-BHP. Conclusion The stem extracts of bamboo in Xianning City have strong in vitro antioxidant activity. Among them, the water extract of bamboo stem has a protective effect on t-BHP induced oxidative damage in Caco-2 cells, suggesting that the water extract possesses a potential to be developed as new antioxidant products for clinical prevention and treatment of oxidative damage related diseases.

Objective:To evaluate the technical approach and application value of DynaCT biliary reconstruction with CT images fusion (DynaCT-CT fusion) for the treatment of complex hepatolithiasis.Methods:The data of 18 patients with complex hepatolithiasis admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from May 2022 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 7 males and 11 females, aged (50.6±15.0) years. Preoperative DynaCT biliary reconstruction with CT images fusion was performed to guide the percutaneous transhepatic one-step biliary fistulation (PTOBF). The technical data, including the bile duct with stones identified by preoperative imaging, the actual bile duct with stones confirmed intraoperatively, the satisfied stone removal time for each targeted bile duct, the actual stone removal time for each targeted bile duct, the intraoperative identification of CT-negative stones, the postoperative complications and reoperation were analyzed.Results:In 18 patients, a total of 95 target bile ducts with stones were identified by preoperative DynaCT-CT fusion technology, involving the first, secondary and tertiary bile ducts. Preoperative CT identified 29 lesions of stones involving the first and secondary bile ducts. CT negative stones were confirmed in 5 patients by DynaCT-CT fusion. Bile duct stricture occurred in 12 patients. All procedures were completed without postoperative bile leakage or hemorrhage. A total of 82 lesions of stones were successfully removed with a removal time of (25.9±12.8) min. The satisfied stone removal time for each targeted bile duct was (10.1±7.6) min, and the actual stone removal time was (10.5±7.4) min. Immediate stone clearance was achieved in 13 patients. Biliary tract infection occurred in 2 patients, and 5 patients underwent reoperation for residual or recurrent stones.Conclusion:The DynaCT-CT fusion technology guided PTOBF is feasible and safe in patients with complex hepatolithiasis. It could effectively detect more stones, shorten the stone clearance time. DynaCT-CT fusion technology provides a new strategy for the treatment of hepatolithiasis.

Hepatolithiasis is a common disease in hepatobiliary surgery. The changes of bile dynamics in the biliary system, such as flow rate, pressure, viscosity, etc., play an important role in stone formation. In this paper, we introduce the bile fluid dynamics of the biliary system, analyze the influencing factors of bile dynamics change, the relationship between bile dynamics change and calculus, and the application of bile fluid dynamics in the treatment of hepatolithiasis, providing ideas and basis for the prevention and treatment of hepatolithiasis.