ObjectiveTo investigate the recurrence of ischemic stroke (IS) and to analyze the association between four indices of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) and the risk of IS recurrence by analyzing the follow-up data related to IS in the community-based natural population of Songjiang District, Shanghai, so as to provide a scientific basis for improving the prognosis of stroke patients in the community and controlling IS recurrence. MethodsA prospective follow-up study was conducted among the IS patients in the community-based cohort population, collecting data about patient’s age, gender, disease history, biochemical indicators, and etc. Cox regression model and restricted cubic spline model were used to analyze the relationship between different levels of plasma lipids and the recurrence of IS in these patients. ResultsA total of 1 368 patients with IS were included. The total follow-up duration was 7 171.46 person-years, with a median follow-up time of 6.24 years. There were 420 cases of IS recurrence, resulting in a cumulative recurrence rate of 30.70%. The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the recurrence risk of IS was reduced when the baseline TC and LDL-C levels of IS patients were in the ranges of 4.65‒5.67 mmol·L^-1 and 2.52‒3.46 mmol·L^-1, respectively. The results of restricted cubic spline analysis showed a U-shaped relationship between baseline TC and LDL-C levels and the recurrence risk in IS patients. ConclusionThe cumulative recurrence rate of patients with IS in the community of Songjiang District in Shanghai is high, and the levels of TC and LDL-C at baseline survey are correlated with the recurrence of IS in these patients. It is suggested to pay more attention to the levels of LDL-C and TC in patients with IS, so as to improve the prognosis.

Our research reveals the critical role of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) neurons in mediating light-induced transient forgetting. Acute exposure to bright light selectively impairs trace fear memory by activating VIP neurons in the SCN, as demonstrated by increased c-Fos expression and Ca²⁺ recording. This effect can be replicated and reversed through optogenetic and chemogenetic manipulations of SCN VIP neurons. Furthermore, we identify the SCN → PVT (paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus) VIP neuronal circuitry as essential in this process. These findings establish a novel role for SCN VIP neurons in modulating memory accessibility in response to environmental light cues, extending their known function beyond circadian regulation and revealing a mechanism for transient forgetting.
Animals ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide/metabolism* ; Male ; Mice ; Neurons/metabolism* ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus/physiology* ; Light ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Memory/physiology* ; Fear/physiology* ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Neurons/metabolism* ; Optogenetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos/metabolism*

ObjectiveTo describe different non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） outcomes among community inhabitants， and further to explore the correlation between bio-indicator level variance and the outcomes. MethodsPhysical indicators （height， weight， waist circumstances， hip circumstances， blood pressure， etc）， biochemical indicators ［fasting plasma glucose， HbA1c， serum triglycerides（TG）， serum total cholesterol（TC）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）， liver related transaminase， etc］ and clinical imaging （B-scan ultrasonography） were collected during the follow-up from the Songjiang Natural Population Sub-cohort. The identification of NAFLD was supported by the definition criteria from Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of non⁃alcoholic fatty liver disease. Paired t-test and multifactorial logistic regression model were used to compare the difference between the indicator level of the subjects from different outcome subgroups and to further analyze the correlation between these indicator variance and different NAFLD outcomes. ResultsDuring a median follow-up time of 2.94 years， 12 076 subjects were involved. The cumulative NAFLD incidence and remission rate were 21.57% and 31.15%， respectively. The proportion of subjects who still had NAFLD was 27.96%. Among subjects with newly-developed NAFLD， indicators including blood pressure， BMI， fasting plasma glucose， and plasma lipid level increased， while in the remission subgroup， blood pressure， BMI（WHR）， waist-hip ratio（WHR）， and TG level were significantly decreased. Increased level of systolic pressure， WHR， BMI， HbA1c， and LDL-C might be the risk factors to the occurrence of NAFLD. While decreased level of WHR， BMI， TC and LDL-C level and elevated HDL-C level were likely to be the influencing factors of NAFLD remission process. ConclusionThe NAFLD morbidity in the community inhabitants is relatively high. BMI， WHR， fasting plasma sugar and plama lipid level variance may act as the influencing factors towards different NAFLD outcomes.

Objective:To explore the efficacy of ixazomib combination treatment therapies for multiple myeloma (MM), and the influencing factors of prognosis.Methods:The clinical data of 80 MM patients admitted to Yancheng Third People's Hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received 3 courses of ixazomib combination treatment therapies (28 d was 1 course). All combination treatment therapies included ID group (ixazomib + dexamethasone, 11 cases) and ID + immunomodulator group (ixazomib + dexamethasone + lenalidomide/thalidomide, 50 cases), ID + other chemotherapy drugs group (ixazzomib + dexamethasone + doxorubicin liposome/cyclophosphamide/bendamustine, 19 cases). The clinical efficacy of patients in different treatment regimens was compared, and the prognosis was followed up and recorded. The clinical characteristics between the survival and the dead patients were compared. Cox proportional risk model was used to make multivariate analysis of the overall survival of MM patients receiving ixazomib combination therapies.Results:The treatment was effective in 9 cases (81.82%) of the ID group, 32 cases (64.00%) of the ID + immunomodulator group, and 9 cases (47.37%) of the ID + other chemotherapy drugs group. There was no statistically significant difference in the effectiveness rate of 3 ixazomib combination regimens ( χ2 = 0.62, P = 0.432). All patients were followed up for 5 to 20 months, with an average follow-up time of (15±4) months. There were statistically significant differences in immunoglobulin type, Durie-Salmon stage, early treatment line and therapeutic efficacy between the survival group (49 cases) and the death group (31 cases) (all P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the clinical effectiveness (effectiveness vs. ineffectiveness: OR = 0.242, 95% CI 0.103-0.567, P = 0.001) and the previous first-line treatment (the first-line vs. the other lines: OR = 0.577, 95% CI 0.452-0.736, P < 0.001) were independent protective factors for the overall survival of MM. Conclusions:The 3 ixazomib combination therapies have a certain efficacy in the treatment of MM; ID regimen has the best clinical efficacy and survival. The clinical effectiveness and the previous first-line treatment are independent protective factors for the survival of MM.

Abdomen/diagnostic imaging* ; Artificial Intelligence ; Body Composition ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of augmented renal clearance （ARC）on blood trough concentration of patients receiving high-dose regimen of teicoplanin. METHODS ：Patients who received high-dose regimen of teicoplanin in the ICU were prospectively collected from the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University/Suzhou Municipal Hospital during Jul. 2018-Jun. 2020. They were divided into ARC group and normal renal function group according to corrected creatinine clearance. The dosage regimen of teicoplanin in the two groups were loading dose of 600 mg，q12 h×3 doses，maintenance dose of 6-10 mg/kg，qd，and the dosage was adjusted in combination with creatinine clearance rate and blood trough concentration. The trough concentration of blood samples which were collected 30 min before the 4th and 8th-10th dosage of teicoplanin were determined by HPLC. Trough concentration ，clinical efficacy ，Gram-positive bacterial clearance rate and the occurrence of ADR were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS ：A total of 56 patients were included and divided into ARC group （18 cases）and normal renal function group （38 cases）. ARC group had younger age （P＜0.001）and lower serum albumin level （P＝0.025）than normal renal function group. The trough concentrations before administration of the 4th and 8th-10th dosage in ARC group were lower than normal renal function group （P＝0.034；P＝0.035）. The trough concentrations in the ARC group and normal renal function group before 8th-10th dosage were all higher than 30 min before the 4th dosage （P＝0.003；P＜0.001）. The clinical efficacy rate and the clearance rate of Gram-positive bacteria in ARC group were 77.8％ and 76.2％，which were lower than those of the normal renal function group ，but there was no statistical difference （P＝0.195；P＝0.223）. There was no liver function damage ，hemocytopenia and allergic reaction in both groups ，but in the normal renal function group ，the causal relationship between acute renal damage and teicoplanin was assessed as “very likely ”in one patient. CONCLUSIONS ：ARC patients are younger ，most of them have hypoproteinemia，and the blood trough concentrations of teicoplanin in high-dose regimen are significantly lower than those of normal renal function patients. For critical ill ARC patients ，it is advisable to increase the loading dose of teicoplanin to make the trough concentration reach the target concentration range quickly.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of using liquid chromatography (HPLC) to characterize the 3, 4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) redox state of mussel adhesive protein (MAP).

METHODSThe DOPA and protein contents of MAP were determined by HPLC, Arnow and Bradford methods respectively.

RESULTSWith extended oxidation time, the protein contents of MAP samples remained unchanged whereas the DOPA contents declined. The retention times of main peaks in HPLC for both the accelerated oxidation and retained samples shifted as the storage time extended, which could be related to the changes of sample redox state.

CONCLUSIONSThe redox state of MAP can be characterized by the change of HPLC peak retention time. HPLC can be used in the research on the MAP redox state, which is beneficial to the product development and quality control.

Objective: To analyze the status of personnel in occupational disease prevention and treatment institutions in Hunan Province, China, from 1996 to 2015, to predict staff composition using grey model (GM) (1, 1) , and to provide a scientific basis and reference for optimizing human resource planning of occupational disease prevention and treatment in other provinces and regions and promoting the service capacity of the institutions. Methods: The data of the staff in occupational disease prevention and treatment institutions in Hunan Province, China, from 1996 to 2015 were obtained from the established basic information management system. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the dynamic changes in number and composition of the staff and the GM (1, 1) was used to predict the staff composition. Results: The numbers of the staff members in 1996 and 2015 in occupational disease prevention and treatment institutions in Hunan Province, China were 1591 and 1429, respectively. In the twenty years, the main education level of the staff transformed from "technical secondary school education and non-academic qualifications" to "bachelor degree or above and college degree"; the main major of the staff transformed from "other majors" to "public health and clinical medicine"; the proportion of the staff members without professional titles changed from >1/3 to 5%; and the proportions of the staff members with senior, intermediate, and junior professional titles were steadily rising. GM prediction showed that the proportions of highly educated staff members in 2018 and 2020 would be up to 41.00% and 45.61%, respectively; and the proportions of the staff members with a major in public health in 2018 and 2020 would be up to 44.15% and 46.60%, respectively. Conclusion The staff in occupational disease prevention and treatment institutions in Hunan Province, China, in the twenty years have slight changes in staff size and great improvement in staff quality, which is beneficial to sustainable development of the occupational disease prevention and treatment undertakings. The education level and major will be further optimized in the next five years.

Objective To explore the correlation between the reliability and validity of Brunel balance assessment(BBA)with the activities of daily living(ADL).Methods The BBA,ADL and walking ability test were performed on 215 patients conforming to the inclusion standard by two professionals.The Pearson correlation analysis,factor analysis and descriptive statistical analysis were adopted.Results The BBA total score and Cronbach's α coefficient in 3 dimensions was 0.852～0.941(P＜0.01),moreover the relative coefficient of each item with its dimension was higher that that of other dimensions;3 common factors were extracted by the factor analysis,the contribution rate was 83.916％;but BBA had the ceiling effect,the relative coefficient of BBA with ADL and walking ability was 0.284-0.709(P＜0.05).Conclusion BBA has a good reliability and validity and can better reflect the functions of ADL and walk.

Objective To analyze the risk factors of cortical micro-infarcts (CMIs) in patients with acute ischemic stroke and to evaluate the diagnostic value of 3.0 Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using double inversion recovery (DIR) sequence and 3-dimensional fluid attenuated inversion recovery (3D-FLAIR) sequence in CMIs in vivo.Methods One hundred and ten consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke within 7 d of onset were chosen from August 2014 to July 2015;these patients were classified into CMIs group and non-CMIs group by results of 3.0 conventional T MRI,DIR-MRI and 3D-FLAIR-MRI.Baseline characteristics and risk factors were analyzed to investigate the independent risk factors of CMIs.The presence of CMIs was evaluated based on conventional T MRI,DIR-MRI and 3D-FLAIR-MRI.Results Of the 110 enrolled patients with acute ischemic stroke,CMIs were presented in 23.6％ patients (26/110).The age of patients from the CMIs group was significantly older as compared with that of patients from the non-CMIs group (67.65±10.37 vs.58.52± 11.24 years old,P=0.009).Patients from the CMIs group had significantly higher percentages of age＞65 years,age of 76-80 years,hypertension,history of cerebral ischemia and intracranial atherosclerosis than patients from non-CMIs group (P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that age＞65 years (OR=1.982;95％CI:1.362-2.889,P=0.010) and hypertension (OR=1.326;95％CI:1.022-1.682,P=0.026) were the independent risk factors of CMIs.The prevalence of CMIs detected by conventional sequence (10.9％) was significantly lower than that detected by DIR sequence (23.6％) or 3D-FLAIR sequence (20.9％,P=0.013 and P=0.043).Conclusions Age＞65 years and hypertension are independent risk factors of CMIs.DIR and 3D-FLAIR sequences at 3.0 T MRI substantially improve the sensitivity of detection of CMIs as compared with conventional MRI sequence.