Objective:To evaluate the clinical outcomes of posterior approach vertebral column resection (VCR) osteotomy combined with titanium mesh bone-graft fusion and internal fixation for the treatment of special type stage IIIb Kummell disease.Methods:Twelve patients (3 males, 9 females) diagnosed with special type stage IIIb Kummell disease at Zhengzhou Orthopedics Hospital between October 2015 and June 2021 were enrolled. The mean age was 59.1±5.6 years (range, 53-67 years). All patients underwent VCR osteotomy, pedicle screw fixation, and posterior bone-graft fusion using titanium mesh. Preoperative and postoperative outcomes were assessed using visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grading, Cobb angle correction, and bone graft fusion rate. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were also recorded.Results:All surgeries were completed successfully. The average follow-up duration was 11.6±1.8 months (range, 10-13 months). Significant improvements were observed in VAS scores, ODI, JOA scores, and Cobb angles at both two weeks postoperatively and at the final follow-up ( P<0.05), with no significant differences between the two time points ( P>0.05). The final recovery rates were 79.5% for VAS score, 73.2% for ODI, 72.1% for JOA score, and 77.3% for Cobb angle correction. Neurological function showed marked improvement. One patient developed delayed incision healing due to fat liquefaction but recovered following physical therapy. The remaining 11 patients experienced uneventful wound healing without infection or internal fixation loosening. One patient developed postoperative deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs, which resolved with drug therapy. Conclusion:Posterior approach VCR combined with titanium mesh bone-graft fusion and internal fixation provides an effective surgical option for stage IIIb Kummell disease characterized by fractured vertebral bodies with only the broken upper and lower endplates remaining.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between macrophage activation related factors and clini-cal symptoms of schizophrenia(SCZ).Methods:Outpatient or inpatient SCZ patients(n=166)and normal con-trols(n=71)meeting the diagnostic criteria of DSM 4th edition were selected as subjects.The psychopathological symptoms were assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS),and the concentrations of α-Na-Galases,MAF and IL-18 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The correlation be-tween biological indicators and clinical symptoms was analyzed and the mediation effect was tested.Results:The concentrations of α-NaGalases(P＜0.001)and MAF(P＜0.01)in SCZ group were lower than those in normal control group.In SCZ group,IL-18 was negatively correlated with α-NaGalases concentration(r=-0.24,P＜0.01).α-NaGalases was positively correlated with MAF concentration(r=0.67,P＜0.001),and the total score of PANSS positive symptom scale was positively correlated with IL-18(r=0.21,P＜0.05)and MAF concentration(r=0.22,P＜0.01).The mediating effect of α-NaGalases and MAF was statistically significant,and the relative mediating effect accounted for 25.47％.Conclusion:The increase of IL-18 level may indicate the occurrence of positive symptoms of schizophrenia,and α-NaGalases and MAF may negatively regulate the inflammatory damage effect of IL-18 on SCZ,thereby reducing the positive symptoms.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical outcomes of posterior approach vertebral column resection (VCR) osteotomy combined with titanium mesh bone-graft fusion and internal fixation for the treatment of special type stage IIIb Kummell disease.Methods:Twelve patients (3 males, 9 females) diagnosed with special type stage IIIb Kummell disease at Zhengzhou Orthopedics Hospital between October 2015 and June 2021 were enrolled. The mean age was 59.1±5.6 years (range, 53-67 years). All patients underwent VCR osteotomy, pedicle screw fixation, and posterior bone-graft fusion using titanium mesh. Preoperative and postoperative outcomes were assessed using visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grading, Cobb angle correction, and bone graft fusion rate. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were also recorded.Results:All surgeries were completed successfully. The average follow-up duration was 11.6±1.8 months (range, 10-13 months). Significant improvements were observed in VAS scores, ODI, JOA scores, and Cobb angles at both two weeks postoperatively and at the final follow-up ( P<0.05), with no significant differences between the two time points ( P>0.05). The final recovery rates were 79.5% for VAS score, 73.2% for ODI, 72.1% for JOA score, and 77.3% for Cobb angle correction. Neurological function showed marked improvement. One patient developed delayed incision healing due to fat liquefaction but recovered following physical therapy. The remaining 11 patients experienced uneventful wound healing without infection or internal fixation loosening. One patient developed postoperative deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs, which resolved with drug therapy. Conclusion:Posterior approach VCR combined with titanium mesh bone-graft fusion and internal fixation provides an effective surgical option for stage IIIb Kummell disease characterized by fractured vertebral bodies with only the broken upper and lower endplates remaining.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between macrophage activation related factors and clini-cal symptoms of schizophrenia(SCZ).Methods:Outpatient or inpatient SCZ patients(n=166)and normal con-trols(n=71)meeting the diagnostic criteria of DSM 4th edition were selected as subjects.The psychopathological symptoms were assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS),and the concentrations of α-Na-Galases,MAF and IL-18 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The correlation be-tween biological indicators and clinical symptoms was analyzed and the mediation effect was tested.Results:The concentrations of α-NaGalases(P＜0.001)and MAF(P＜0.01)in SCZ group were lower than those in normal control group.In SCZ group,IL-18 was negatively correlated with α-NaGalases concentration(r=-0.24,P＜0.01).α-NaGalases was positively correlated with MAF concentration(r=0.67,P＜0.001),and the total score of PANSS positive symptom scale was positively correlated with IL-18(r=0.21,P＜0.05)and MAF concentration(r=0.22,P＜0.01).The mediating effect of α-NaGalases and MAF was statistically significant,and the relative mediating effect accounted for 25.47％.Conclusion:The increase of IL-18 level may indicate the occurrence of positive symptoms of schizophrenia,and α-NaGalases and MAF may negatively regulate the inflammatory damage effect of IL-18 on SCZ,thereby reducing the positive symptoms.

Objectives:To explore the relationship between insomnia symptoms and neuroticism in patients with COVID-19,and to explore the role of anxiety and psychological capital in the relationship.Methods:Totally 687 patients with COVID-19 were recruited from Shanghai Fangcang Hospital.The Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS),Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese Neuroticism Subscale(EPQ-RSC-N),Self-Rat-ing Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Psychological Capital Questionnaire(PCQ)were used to measure insomnia symp-toms,neuroticism personality trait,anxiety symptoms and psychological capital levels.The deviation-corrected per-centile Bootstrap method was used to test the mediating effect,and the PROCESS program was used to test the moderated effect.Results:The detection rate of insomnia symptoms was 49.93％.The AIS scores were lower in male patients than in female patients(P＜0.01).The SAS scores partly mediated the relationship between neuroti-cism scores and AIS scores,with an effect size of 0.03,accounting for 18.29％of the total effect.With the im-provement of PCQ scores,the predictive effect of SAS scores on AIS scores gradually decreased(β=-0.01,t=-4.41,P＜0.001).Conclusions:Anxiety symptoms in patients with COVID-19 play a partial mediating role in the positive relationship between insomnia symptoms and neuroticism.The psychological capital moderates the relation-ship between insomnia and anxiety symptoms.

Objective To develop engineered bacterial membrane biomimetic nanoparticles,Angiopep-2 E.coli membrane(ANG-2 EM)@PDA-PEI-CpG(ANG-2 EM@PPC),for efficient targeted drug delivery in the treatment of glioma,and to provide theoretical and technical support for targeted glioma therapy.Methods The expression of inaX-N-angiopep-2 engineered bacteria was constructed in the laboratory,and ANG-2 EM was obtained through lysozyme treatment and ultrafiltration centrifugation.ANG-2 EM@PPC was prepared by ultrasonication of bacterial membranes.Western blotting,agarose gel electrophoresis,and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)were used to verify the preparation.Particle size and Zeta potential were measured to investigate the stability of ANG-2 EM@PPC.Regarding cell experiments,CCK-8 assay was performed to determine the effect of ANG-2 EM@PPC on the survival rate of neutrophils.A flow chamber model was designed and constructed,and the uptake efficiency of neutrophils was measured by flow cytometry to investigate the hitchhiking efficiency of ANG 2 EM@PPC on neutrophils in inflammatory environment.Neutrophil death patterns were characterized by fluorescence microscopy,and flow cytometry and Western blotting were performed to examine neutrophil apoptotic bodies and the proportion of apoptotic bodies produced.Regarding animal experiments,a mouse model of in situ glioma was established and the inflammatory environment of tumor tissue was verified.The tumor model mice were divided into three groups,including DiR group,EM@PPC group,and ANG-2 EM@PPC group(all n=3),which were injected with DiR,ANG-2 EM@PDA-PEI-CpG,and EM@PDA-PEI-CpG via the tail vein,respectively(all at 10 mg/kg).Fluorescence images of organs and the brain were used to examine the distribution of the three formulations in vivo and in the brain.The tumor model mice were further divided into PBS group,PDA group,PC group,PPC group,EM@PPC group,and ANG-2 EM@PPC group(all n=4),which were injected with PBS,PDA,PC,PPC,EM@PPC,and ANG-2 EM@PPC injected via the tail vein,respectively(all at 10 mg/kg).Imaging was performed in vivo to observe tumor regression,and the survival rate and body mass of mice were measured to evaluate in vivo pharmacodynamics.TUNEL staining(brain tissue)and HE staining(brain,heart,liver,spleen,lung and kidney tissues)were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect.Results The results of TEM showed successful preparation of engineered bacterial membrane biomimetic nanoparticles,with PPC exhibiting a distinct shell-core structure and a shell thickness of about 8.2 nm.Due to the coating of ANG-2 EM,the shell thickness of ANG-2 EM@PPC increased to about 9.6 nm,with a clear bacterial membrane layer on the surface.Stability was maintained for at least one week.ANG-2 EM@PPC had no significant effect on the activity of neutrophils according to the findings from the CCK-8 assay.Flow cytometry showed that ANG-2 EM@PPC uptake is enhanced in activated neutrophils and hitchhiking on neutrophils was more efficient in the stationary state than that in the flowing condition.Compared with the EM@PPC group,the neutrophil hitchhiking ability of the ANG-2 EM@PPC group was enhanced(uptake efficiency 24.9%vs.31.1%).Fluorescence microscopy showed that ANG-2 EM@PPC changed the death pathway of neutrophils from neutrophil extracellular traps-osis(NETosis)to apoptosis.Western blot confirmed the production of neutrophil apoptotic bodies,and flow cytometry showed that the production rate was as high as 77.7%.Animal experiments showed that there was no significant difference in the distribution of engineered bacterial membrane biomimetic nanoparticles in the organs(heart,liver,spleen,lungs,and kidney)in the DiR group,the EM@PPC gropu,and the ANG-2 EM@PPC group(P＞0.05),but there was higher distribution in the brain tissue in EM@PPC and ANG-2 EM@PPC groups compared to the DiR group(P＜0.05).Engineered bacterial membrane biomimetic nanoparticles crossed the blood-brain barrier(BBB),and exhibited high affinity to and internalization by neutrophils located in brain tumors.Compared with PBS,PDA,PC,and PPC groups,the survival rate and body mass of mice in the EM@PPC group were improved,tumor fluorescence intensity was weakened,and apoptotic cells were increased.These trends were even more prominent in the ANG-2 EM@PPC group.No abnormality was found in the HE staining of any group.Conclusion An ANG-2 EM@PPC nanodelivery system with inflammation response characteristics was successfully prepared,capable of crossing BBB and targeting the tumor inflammatory microenvironment to improve the anti-glioma efficacy.This study provides a new drug delivery strategy for glioma treatment and offers a new idea for targeted drug delivery in the non-invasive inflammatory microenvironments in other central nervous system diseases.

Abdomen/diagnostic imaging* ; Artificial Intelligence ; Body Composition ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

Lianhuaqingwen (LHQW) capsule, a herb medicine product, has been clinically proved to be effective in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia treatment. However, human exposure to LHQW components and their pharmacological effects remain largely unknown. Hence, this study aimed to determine human exposure to LHQW components and their anti-COVID-19 pharmacological activities. Analysis of LHQW component profiles in human plasma and urine after repeated therapeutic dosing was conducted using a combination of HRMS and an untargeted data-mining approach, leading to detection of 132 LHQW prototype and metabolite components, which were absorbed

【Objective】 To analyze the changes of microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles on day 1 and day 5 after storage with or without riboflavin and ultraviolet-B (UVB) light (VB2-PRT) treatment, and to explore the molecular mechanism of miRNAs involved in the regulation of platelet storage lesion (PSL) under VB2-PRT treatment. 【Methods】 20 apheresis platelet concentrates (5mL / sample), collected from voluntary donors, were split into two group after mixing and agitation. One was treated with riboflavin (final concentration 50 μmol/L) plus 6.24 J/mL UVB light(E group), and the other worked as a control group (C group) without any treatment. Both groups were subjected to agitated storage at (22±2) ℃ horizontally. The platelet concentrates were sampled on d1 and d5 (5mL) during storage, named as E1, E5, C1 and C5 groups, respectively, and sequenced by DNA nanoball (DNB) sequencing technology. The differentially expressed miRNAs between E and C groups were screened by using DEGseq and MA-plot analysis software, and GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were further performed when the different expression between groups reached twofold and above. 【Results】 Compared with C1 group, 487 miRNAs with significantly different expression (P<0.01) were screened in E1 group, including 220 up-regulated miRNAs, such as miR-146a and let-7b, and 267 down regulated miRNAs, such as miR-7 and miR-1260. Compared with C5 group, 229 miRNAs with significantly different expression (P<0.01) were screened in E5, including 80 miRNAs with up-regulated expression, such as miR-423 and miR-378, and 149 down regulated miRNAs, such as miR-451 and miR-30.The target genes with differentially expressed miRNAs in E1 vs C1 groups and E5 vs C5 groups were similar in the numbers of enriched GO terms, including cell components, organelles, cell membrane and other cell structures, molecular functions such as adhesion, catalysis, molecular transformation, transportation, transcription factors and receptor activity, cell processing, metabolism, biological regulation, stress and other biological processes etc. Compared with E1 and C1 groups, E5 and C5 groups lacked of signal pathways related to environmental adaptation, translation and mucin synthesis, however, it increased inositol phosphate metabolism, phosphatidylinositol signaling system and chemokine signaling pathway. 【Conclusion】 The expression profiles of platelets miRNAs treated with VB2-PRT has changed significantly after storage for a period of time. Functional prediction suggests that these miRNAs might be involved in the regulation of platelet PSL induced by VB2-PRT.

Coronary artery diseases (CAD) have always been serious threats to human health. The measurement, constitutive modeling, and analysis of mechanical properties of the blood vessel wall can provide a tool for disease diagnosis, stent implantation, and artificial artery design. The vessel wall has both active and passive mechanical properties. The passive mechanical properties are mainly determined by elastic and collagen fibers, and the active mechanical properties are determined by the contraction of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Substantial studies have shown that, the two-layer model of the vessel wall can feature the mechanical properties well, and the circumferential, axial and radial strain and stress are of great significance in arterial wall mechanics. This study reviewed recent investigations of mechanical properties of the vessel wall. Challenges and opportunities in this area are discussed relevant to the clinical treatment of coronary artery diseases.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Coronary Vessels ; Humans ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Stress, Mechanical