The incomplete degradation of tumour cells by macrophages (Mϕ) is a contributing factor to tumour progression and metastasis, and the degradation function of Mϕ is mediated through phagosomes and lysosomes. In our preliminary experiments, we found that overactivation of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) reduced the ability of Mϕ to degrade engulfed tumour cells. Above this, we screened out liquiritin from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, which can significantly inhibit NOX2 activity and inhibit tumours, to elucidate that suppressing NOX2 can enhance the ability of Mϕ to degrade tumour cells. We found that the tumour environment could activate the NOX2 activity in Mϕ phagosomes, causing Mϕ to produce excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus prohibiting the formation of phagolysosomes before degradation. Conversely, inhibiting NOX2 in Mϕ by liquiritin can reduce ROS and promote phagosome-lysosome fusion, therefore improving the enzymatic degradation of tumour cells after phagocytosis, and subsequently promote T cell activity by presenting antigens. We further confirmed that liquiritin down-regulated the expression of the NOX2 specific membrane component protein gp91 phox, blocking its binding to the NOX2 cytoplasmic component proteins p67 phox and p47 phox, thereby inhibiting the activity of NOX2. This study elucidates the specific mechanism by which Mϕ cannot degrade tumour cells after phagocytosis, and indicates that liquiritin can promote the ability of Mϕ to degrade tumour cells by suppressing NOX2.

Individuals and populations affected by Yunnan unexplained sudden death have different causes, so different research methods and control strategies should be adopted for these two different causes. By reviewing relevant research literature on Yunnan unexplained sudden death, we reinterpret some characteristics of the disease from the perspective of population medicine. At the same time, it is found that some studies have shown that residents in areas where sudden death occurs have a higher proportion of myocardial damage compared to control areas, making them a population with basic sickness. Population medicine methods can be used to conduct etiology research and disease prevention and control.

With the deepening of China′s healthcare reform, cost control of medical consumables has become an important means to alleviate the problem of " high medical cost" . Through analysis of the difficulties of medical consumables cost control and mechanism loopholes in such control, the authors proposed a whole-process control practice, in terms of assessment, procurement, use, supervision, assessment and evaluation, and recommend on formulating whole-process cost control measures at both government and hospital levels.

Objective:To investigate the risk of occupational hearing loss caused by noise exposure in an automobile parts manufacturing enterprise.Methods:In June 2019, an automobile parts manufacturing enterprise in Huizhou City was selected to conduct occupational hygiene field investigation, and occupational health investigation and occupational hazards detection were carried out in the workplace. 395 workers with 8-hour working day equivalent sound level (L ex·8 h) ≥85 dB (a) were selected as the research objects. The occupational noise exposure risk assessment method was used to assess the noise exposure risk of L ex·8 h≥85 dB (a) , and the risk of high-frequency hearing loss and occupational noise deafness caused by noise exposure were evaluated when the working years were 10, 20, 30, 35 and 40. Results:When the exposure years were less than or equal to 30 years, the risk of high-frequency hearing loss of bearing pedestal final examiners was medium risk, and the risk of other positions was acceptable; the highest risk of noise deafness was the bearing pedestal final examiner, and the risk classification was higher, and the other types of work were negligible risk and acceptable risk. When the exposure years are more than 30 years, the risk classification of high-frequency hearing loss of bearing pedestal final inspection workers is high-risk, and the risk classification of other types of work is medium risk; the highest risk of noise deafness is the bearing pedestal final inspection workers, and the risk classification is higher risk, and the other types of work are medium risk.Conclusion:The enterprise should pay attention to the risk of occupational hearing loss caused by noise exposure, especially the bearing pedestal final inspection workers, and strengthen the hearing protection of noise exposed people.

Objective: To explore the effect of Qishen-Xiaodian Decoction combined with laser acupoint irradiation on oxidative stress and renal function on children with recurrent henoch schonlein purpura (HSP). Methods: A total of 120 children with recurrent HSP in the dermatology department clinic of Hospital of Xinle City from January 2015 to November 2017 were divided into two groups according to the random number table method, with 60 cases in each group. The control group took loratadine, Troxerutin and vitamin C orally, while the treatment group took Chinese medicine combined with laser acupoint irradiation based onthe control group. Drugs were taken orally for 4 weeks, laser acupoint irradiation treatment for 2 weeks. The level of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in plasma was detected by ELISA, the levels of MDA and SOD in plasma were detected by thiobarbituric acid colorimetry and hydroxylamine method, the level of IgG, micro albumin (Alb), β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) in urine were detected by radioimmunoassay, and the clinical effect was evaluated. The recurrence was recorded. Results: After treatment, the plasma GSH-Px (90.45 ± 15.36 μmol/L vs. 81.62 ± 13.68 μmol/L, t=3.318), SOD (99.64 ± 18.66 IU/ml vs. 84.21 ± 16.73 IU/ml, t=4.769) in the treatment group were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.01); the MDA (5.58 ± 1.31 μmol/L vs. 4.37 ± 1.36 μmol/L, t=4.964) was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.01); the ratio of urine IgG (3.48 ± 0.95 mg/L vs. 6.56 ± 1.47 mg/L, t=13.630), Alb (7.80 ± 2.94 mg/L vs. 12.73 ± 4.26 mg/L, t=7.378), β2-MG (4.02 ± 1.61 mg/L vs. 6.95 ± 2.10 mg/L, t=8.577) were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.01). The total effective rate was 95.0% (57/60) in the treatment group and 80.0% (48/60) in the control group. There was statistically significant difference between two groups (χ²=6.171, P=0.013). Follow-up of 6 and 12 months, the recurrence rate of the treatment group were significantly lower than that of the control group (χ² value were 4.931, 4.574, P<0.05). Conclusions Qishen-Xiaodian Decoction combined with laser acupoint irradiation can improve the oxidative stress of children with recurrent HSP, protect the renal function, improve the clinical efficacy and reduce the recurrence rate.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of marginal liver from elderly donors in liver transplantation. Methods According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the clinical data of 127 donors and recipients were retrospectively analyzed. According to the age of donors, 127 donors were divided into the elderly group (n=27) and control group (n=100). The recovery of liver function, the occurrence of postoperative complications and survival rate of the recipients after transplantation were statistically analyzed between two groups. Results The incidence of primary nonfunction (PNF) and initial poor graft function (IPGF) did not significantly differ between the elderly and control groups (both P > 0.05). Within postoperative 2 weeks, the average levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum total bilirubin (TB) of liver transplant recipients in the elderly group was not significantly different from those in the control group (both P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications in the postoperative elderly group compared with the control group (all P > 0.05). The 1-and 3-year survival rates of the recipients in the elderly group were 84% and 78% respectively, which did not significantly differ from 89% and 79% in the control group (both P > 0.05). Conclusions Strict and sufficient quality evaluation and functional maintenance should be done for elderly donor livers. It can achieve good transplantation results by intraoperative fine operation, reducing bleeding and trauma, shortening the time of cold ischemia and operation, strengthening postoperative monitoring and implementing enhanced recovery after surgery.

Objective:To investigate the risk of occupational hearing loss caused by noise exposure in an automobile parts manufacturing enterprise.Methods:In June 2019, an automobile parts manufacturing enterprise in Huizhou City was selected to conduct occupational hygiene field investigation, and occupational health investigation and occupational hazards detection were carried out in the workplace. 395 workers with 8-hour working day equivalent sound level (L ex·8 h) ≥85 dB (a) were selected as the research objects. The occupational noise exposure risk assessment method was used to assess the noise exposure risk of L ex·8 h≥85 dB (a) , and the risk of high-frequency hearing loss and occupational noise deafness caused by noise exposure were evaluated when the working years were 10, 20, 30, 35 and 40. Results:When the exposure years were less than or equal to 30 years, the risk of high-frequency hearing loss of bearing pedestal final examiners was medium risk, and the risk of other positions was acceptable; the highest risk of noise deafness was the bearing pedestal final examiner, and the risk classification was higher, and the other types of work were negligible risk and acceptable risk. When the exposure years are more than 30 years, the risk classification of high-frequency hearing loss of bearing pedestal final inspection workers is high-risk, and the risk classification of other types of work is medium risk; the highest risk of noise deafness is the bearing pedestal final inspection workers, and the risk classification is higher risk, and the other types of work are medium risk.Conclusion:The enterprise should pay attention to the risk of occupational hearing loss caused by noise exposure, especially the bearing pedestal final inspection workers, and strengthen the hearing protection of noise exposed people.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of primary gastric lymphoma.Methods Clinical data of 78 primary gastric lymphoma patients treated between September 2012 and January 2017 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.Results 1-year and 3-year survival rate were 86％ and 68％ respectively.Univariate analysis showed that the four factors including the level of serum lactate dehydrogenase (x2 =35.088,P =0.000),Musshoff stage (x2 =29.930,P =0.000),pathology types (x2 =6.077,P =0.014),IPI score (x2 =21.337,P =0.000) were associated with the prognosis.Multivariate analysis showed that Musshoff stage was an independent risk factor for the prognosis when stage Ⅰ,stage Ⅱ (OR =1.075,95％ CI:0.060-19.107,P =0.961) were compared with stageⅢ (OR =11.994,95％ CI:1.042-138.083,P =0.046),or stage Ⅳ (OR =13.165,95％ CI:1.476-117.417,P =0.021).Conclusions Musshoff stage is an independent factor for the prognosis,surgical treatment can not prolong survival and chemotherapy is the therapy of choice.

Compared with distal gastrectomy, pylorus-preserving gastrectomy is less invasive which can decrease incidence of dumping syndrome, diarrhea and body weight lost, cholecystitis and gallstone, reflux gastritis and esophagitis and remnant gastric cancer. Based on new Japanese Gastric Cancer Treatment Guideline and new progression in the world, we give a review mainly basic characteristics, indications, operation details and short- and long-time outcomes after pylorus-preserving gastrectomy.
Gastrectomy ; methods ; Gastric Stump ; pathology ; Gastroenterostomy ; Humans ; Organ Sparing Treatments ; Pylorus ; surgery ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery

Medical parasitology education has been facing some difficulties because it is a course of wide range lacking clini?cal cases and concerned specimens of parasites currently. In addition its relationship with life is not closely enough. All these reasons may impact the effect of class education negatively. Therefore it is important to increase the vitality of parasitology edu?cation and diversify the instructional mode by using the resources from Internet. In recent years the Discovery Channel has up?loaded a documentary Monsters Inside Me online. This documentary is high professional and closely linked with parasitology. It maintains numbers of clinical cases about parasitic diseases. Each episode is about 3 minutes and shortly enough to be intro?duced into class teaching. However this resource has not been fully used in domestic temporally. We found that direct introduc?tion of the documentary into class teaching can enrich teaching forms to attract learning interest of students and finally improve the teaching effect of class. Above that another popular documentary A Bite of China involves many related knowledge points of parasitology. The appropriate usage of the knowledge can build up close linkage between book and life which is extremely help?ful to give students a deep impression of parasitology. In brief it is our strong recommendation to introduce the documentary Monsters Inside Me into class.