Objective:To establish a rapid quantitative model of sodium chloride content in Halitum of traditional Chinese medicine by using X-ray diffraction technology and machine learning algorithm.Methods:The data of X-ray diffraction patterns of 90 batches of Halitum samples were collected,and the rapid prediction models of X-ray diffraction were constructed by using partial least squares(PLS),support vector regression(SVR)long short-term memory(LSTM)according to the reference values determined by the content determination method of Halitum in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition.Results:The data preprocessed by multivariate scatter correction(MSC)and selected by competitive adaptive reweighted sampling(CARS)were better in PLS model and LSTM model.The data pretreated by standard normal transformation(SNV)and selected by CARS feature variable perform well in SVR.Conclusion:The three models show good prediction potential,which shows that the combination of X-ray diffraction technology and machine learning algorithm is feasible for accurate prediction of the content of Halitum in traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective:To establish a rapid quantitative model for the determination of moisture,extractives,and content in Pollen Typhae.Methods:Near-infrared spectra of 91 batches of Pollen Typhae samples were collected.Spectral preprocessing was performed using S-G,MSC,SNV,and CWT methods.Variable selection was conducted using CARS,SPA,and VIP methods,and compared with full-spectrum modeling.Partial least squares(PLS)mod-els were established for the quantitative determination of moisture,total ash,extractives,and content.The model performance was evaluated by calculating the coefficient of determination for the calibration set and validation set(R2 c,R2v),root mean square error of calibration and validation(RMSEc,RMSEv),and residual prediction devia-tion(RPD).Results:The PLS models for moisture,extractives,and content in Pollen Typhae showed R2c and R2v values greater than 0.9,RMSEc and RMSEv values approaching 0,and RPD values greater than 3.Conclusion:In this study,near-infrared spectroscopy was used to construct quantitative prediction models for moisture,extractives,typhaneoside,and isorhamnetin-3-O-neohesperidoside content in Pollen Typhae.This method enables rapid detection of the main quality control indicators of Pollen Typhae,providing strong technical support for its quality supervision.

Objective:To establish a rapid quantitative model of sodium chloride content in Halitum of traditional Chinese medicine by using X-ray diffraction technology and machine learning algorithm.Methods:The data of X-ray diffraction patterns of 90 batches of Halitum samples were collected,and the rapid prediction models of X-ray diffraction were constructed by using partial least squares(PLS),support vector regression(SVR)long short-term memory(LSTM)according to the reference values determined by the content determination method of Halitum in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition.Results:The data preprocessed by multivariate scatter correction(MSC)and selected by competitive adaptive reweighted sampling(CARS)were better in PLS model and LSTM model.The data pretreated by standard normal transformation(SNV)and selected by CARS feature variable perform well in SVR.Conclusion:The three models show good prediction potential,which shows that the combination of X-ray diffraction technology and machine learning algorithm is feasible for accurate prediction of the content of Halitum in traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective:To establish a rapid quantitative model for the determination of moisture,extractives,and content in Pollen Typhae.Methods:Near-infrared spectra of 91 batches of Pollen Typhae samples were collected.Spectral preprocessing was performed using S-G,MSC,SNV,and CWT methods.Variable selection was conducted using CARS,SPA,and VIP methods,and compared with full-spectrum modeling.Partial least squares(PLS)mod-els were established for the quantitative determination of moisture,total ash,extractives,and content.The model performance was evaluated by calculating the coefficient of determination for the calibration set and validation set(R2 c,R2v),root mean square error of calibration and validation(RMSEc,RMSEv),and residual prediction devia-tion(RPD).Results:The PLS models for moisture,extractives,and content in Pollen Typhae showed R2c and R2v values greater than 0.9,RMSEc and RMSEv values approaching 0,and RPD values greater than 3.Conclusion:In this study,near-infrared spectroscopy was used to construct quantitative prediction models for moisture,extractives,typhaneoside,and isorhamnetin-3-O-neohesperidoside content in Pollen Typhae.This method enables rapid detection of the main quality control indicators of Pollen Typhae,providing strong technical support for its quality supervision.

In China,the coexistence and collaboration of Chinese and western medicine has long been a fundamental reality,reflected in both practice and policy.Currently,the Communist Party of China(CPC)and the Chinese government are actively promoting traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Then,it is particularly important to explore what kind of combination of Chinese and western medicine is needed in China.In this paper,the author,as a clinician,based on his practical experience and theoretical reflection,proposes that the combination of Chinese and western medicine in China should be guided by the core concepts of Chinese medicine,under which the modernization of Chinese medicine should be carried out to keep pace with the times,and ultimately presented as a kind of medicine that abandons the old and seeks the new.Chinese and western medical practitioners have their logic of practice and technical characteristics and should understand their strengths and weaknesses and strive to complement each other's strengths.Chinese medicine should have firm cultural confidence,but at the same time,it must be modernized and keep up with the times.Realizing the integration of Chinese and western medicine is a long-term process with stages and levels,and requires national support and institutional guarantee.Individual clinicians can begin to recognize and practice the integration of Chinese and western medicine on their own.In terms of the overall development of medicine,it is recommended to realize the so-called"modernization of Chinese medicine"through the integration of Chinese and western medicine,which includes the use of the core concepts of Chinese medicine to guide the application of various modern medical tools in the ways of fulfilling medical social responsibilities(e.g.,the system of medical practice,the way of passing on knowledge,the way of communication,the way of evaluating the efficacy of treatments,the way of scientific research and public health,etc.),as well as the borrowing and integrating of the development model of the medical industry.The real integration of TCM and western medicine in the future will inevitably be a rebirth of traditional TCM and western medicine,and even science.

ObjectiveTo construct the core outcome set （COS） for premature ovarian insufficiency （POI） treated with traditional chinese medicine （TCM）， thereby standardizing the effect evaluation system of POI clinical researches. MethodsDatabases including PubMed， EMbase， Cochrane Library， Web of Science， CNKI， Wanfang， VIP， SinoMed from January 2017 to December 31， 2021， and Chinese Clinical Trials Registry （ChiCTR）， ClinicalTrials.gov were searched to collect the outcomes used in clinical studies of POI. Supplemented with the patients preferred outcomes through semi-structured interviews， the outcome pool was then constructed. Finally through the Delphi survey and consensus conference， the COS for POI was obtained. ResultsA total of 554 clinical researches and 14 registered clinical research protocols were included. A semi-structured interview was conducted within 20 patients. A total of 77 outcomes were included in the pool after consolidation. After two rounds of Delphi surveys， 20 outcomes were initially included. The COS， which was finalized through expert consensus conference， consists of 8 outcomes in 3 domains， which were ovarian reserve function （follicle stimulating hormone， estradiol， anti-Mullerian hormone， sinus follicle count）， menstruation-related indicators （menstrual symptoms condition） and fertility indicators （pregnancy rate， live birth rate and the numbers of retrieved oocytes）. Through expert discussion， the corresponding measurement methods as well as the measurement time points of the COS were determined. ConclusionThis study formed COS for clinical studies of TCM in the treatment of POI， by practicing the general method of developing COS， and exploring the key points of developing COS with TCM features.

In this paper, cobalt chloride was used to stimulate human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) to establish a model of abnormal hypoxic injury, to investigate the effect of heparin-derived oligosaccharides (HDO) on glycolysis in HUVEC cells and its molecular mechanism.The experiment was divided into the control group (FBS-free DMEM medium), the model group (FBS-free DMEM medium +50 μmol/L CoCl2), and the HDO group (modeling+0.01, 0.1, 1 μmol/L HDO).Firstly, a biochemical kit was used to detect the effects of HDO on glucose uptake and lactic acid accumulation in HUVEC cells, then Western blot and qPCR were used to detect the effects of HIF-1α, GLUT-1 and LDHA gene transcription and protein expression, and finally, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was detected.The results showed that HDO inhibited glucose uptake and lactate production, down-regulated the expression of HIF-1α, GLUT-1, and LDHA, and affected the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.HDO could regulate the glycolysis level of HUVEC cells by inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/Akt/HIF-1α signaling axis.

With the development of patient-centered medical model,patient values and preferences have become a hot research topic.This paper starts from the concept of patients'values and preferences,analyzes the important importance of patients'values and preferences;Based on the published literature,the importance of patients'values and preferences in the development of acupuncture clinical guidelines,the positive role in doctor-patient co-decision,the value of patients'cognition and value promotion in acupuncture"Deqi"were sorted out,and the influencing factors of patients'values and preferences and acupuncture compliance were summarized.According to the influencing factors,the corresponding solutions were proposed to help patients establish correct values,and thus improve patients'acupuncture compliance.

Volume dynamics is a two-compartment dynamical model using hemoglobin (Hb) derived plasma diluted level as input data and urine output as input variable through consecutive repeated measurements of Hb concentration in the blood during infusion. It could be applied to evaluate and guide crystalloid fluid rehydration for patients with dehydration or hypovolemia and during anesthesia or surgery. Volume dynamics could be also used to quantificate of strains, hypovolume, and the change of fluid distribution and elimination caused by anesthesia or surgery. The factors which influence the volume resuscitation are complex, including gender, age, hemodynamic state [mean arterial pressure (MAP)], health and stress state, renal function, consciousness, surgical or anesthesia state and so on, which may affect the half-life, distribution, and volume of the fluid. This article summarizes and analyzes the pathophysiological changes of crystalloids fluid in vivo, in order to provide reference for volume management in critically ill patients.

Objective: To investigate the influence of low viscosity and high viscosity bone cement in PVP on active function, anatomical index and leakage rate of patients with severe osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). Methods: From October 2015 to June 2017, 136 patients with severe OVCF were chosen in the Central Hospital of Yuncheng and randomly divided into two groups according to the digital table, with 68 patients in each group.The control group was given low viscosity bone cement by PVP scheme, and the observation group was given high viscosity bone cement by PVP.The VAS score, ODI score, SF-36 score and kyphosis Cobb angle before and after operation, the recovery rate of injured vertebrae, bone cement injection volume and postoperative cement leakage rate of the two groups were compared. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the VAS score, ODI score and SF-36 score before operation between the two groups(all P>0.05). The VAS score, ODI score and SF-36 score after operation of the control group were (1.90±0.32)points, (30.38±3.52)points, (76.07±9.38)points, respectively, which of the observation group were (1.94±0.34)points, (29.72±3.34)points, (77.10±9.60)points, respectively, which were significantly better than those before operation(control group: t=4.27, 5.01, 4.02; observation group: t=4.21, 4.89, 3.87, all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the VAS score, ODI score and SF-36 score after operation between the two groups(all P>0.05). The kyphosis Cobb angle after operation of the observation group was (14.02±2.59)°, which was significantly lower than (16.83±3.31)° of the control group and (27.78±4.09)° before operation (t=4.99, 2.64, all P<0.05). The recovery rate of injured vertebrae of the observation group was (28.34±5.70)%, which was statistically significantly higher than (22.72±4.16)% of the control group (t=3.42, P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the bone cement injection volume between the two groups(P>0.05). The incidence rate of bone cement leakage in the observation group was 10.29%(7/68), which was significantly lower than that in the control group [30.88%(21/68)](χ²=12.15, P<0.05). Conclusion Low viscosity and high viscosity bone cement in PVP in the treatment of patients with severe OVCF possess the same clinical effects on relieve pain and improve activity and quality of life; but high viscosity bone cement application can efficiently improve the anatomical index of injured vertebrae and avoid postoperative cement leakage.