Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the association between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and reflux esophagitis (RE).Methods:This cross-sectional study retrospectively analyzed 218 patients diagnosed with OSAHS by polysomnography (PSG) and who also had undergone gastroscopy at the First People′s Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 2021 to December 2021. The cohort comprised 91 males and 127 females, aged from 19 to 78 years (40.7±13.2). Clinical data, PSG parameters, and gastroscopy findings were collected. The prevalence of RE among OSAHS patients was calculated, potential risk factors for RE were evaluated. Differences in PSG parameters between patients with and without RE were analyzed. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 26.0.Results:The prevalence of RE in OSAHS patients was 20.6% (45/218). Males had a significantly higher RE prevalence than females (31.9% vs. 12.6%, χ2=12.02, P<0.05). The difference remained significant after adjusting for confounding factors (34.9% vs. 11.1%, χ2=10.08, P<0.05). No significant variation in RE prevalence was observed across age groups. However, after adjusting for confounding factors, a significant difference was found between overweight and obese BMI groups (12.5% vs. 29.2%, χ2=4.04, P<0.05). When stratified by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) severity, RE prevalence increased progressively in mild (7.1%), moderate (18.8%), and severe (30.1%) groups, with statistically significant differences ( χ2=11.45, P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between RE and male sex, AHI, longest apnea time (LAT), and time spent with oxygen saturation below 90% (TS90%) ( rs=0.24, 0.18, 0.17, 0.14, respectively, P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that identified male sex was the primary independent predictor of RE. Patients with RE exhibited higher AHI, TS90%, and LAT compared to those without RE ( P<0.05) .Conclusion:This single-center hospital-based study revealed a relatively high prevalence of reflux esophagitis (20.6%) among patients with OSAHS. Male sex was identified as the main independent factor associated with RE. Furthermore, RE prevalence increased with greater AHI, BMI, LAT and TS90%.

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the association between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and reflux esophagitis (RE).Methods:This cross-sectional study retrospectively analyzed 218 patients diagnosed with OSAHS by polysomnography (PSG) and who also had undergone gastroscopy at the First People′s Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 2021 to December 2021. The cohort comprised 91 males and 127 females, aged from 19 to 78 years (40.7±13.2). Clinical data, PSG parameters, and gastroscopy findings were collected. The prevalence of RE among OSAHS patients was calculated, potential risk factors for RE were evaluated. Differences in PSG parameters between patients with and without RE were analyzed. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 26.0.Results:The prevalence of RE in OSAHS patients was 20.6% (45/218). Males had a significantly higher RE prevalence than females (31.9% vs. 12.6%, χ2=12.02, P<0.05). The difference remained significant after adjusting for confounding factors (34.9% vs. 11.1%, χ2=10.08, P<0.05). No significant variation in RE prevalence was observed across age groups. However, after adjusting for confounding factors, a significant difference was found between overweight and obese BMI groups (12.5% vs. 29.2%, χ2=4.04, P<0.05). When stratified by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) severity, RE prevalence increased progressively in mild (7.1%), moderate (18.8%), and severe (30.1%) groups, with statistically significant differences ( χ2=11.45, P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between RE and male sex, AHI, longest apnea time (LAT), and time spent with oxygen saturation below 90% (TS90%) ( rs=0.24, 0.18, 0.17, 0.14, respectively, P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that identified male sex was the primary independent predictor of RE. Patients with RE exhibited higher AHI, TS90%, and LAT compared to those without RE ( P<0.05) .Conclusion:This single-center hospital-based study revealed a relatively high prevalence of reflux esophagitis (20.6%) among patients with OSAHS. Male sex was identified as the main independent factor associated with RE. Furthermore, RE prevalence increased with greater AHI, BMI, LAT and TS90%.

Objective:To explore the influence of acupoint catgut embedding combined with Xuezhikang capsule on lipid metabolism and antioxidation effect in patients with statin intolerance and hyperlipidemia of spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome.Methods:Randomized controlled trial. A total of 82 patients with statin intolerance and hyperlipidemia who were treated in Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai Puto Area Central Hospital, and Lingyun community health Service center, Xuhui District from July 2020 to June 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups with 41 patients in each group by odd-even ball method. The two groups were given diet and exercise guidance, and the control group was given Xuezhikang capsule orally on this basis, and the observation group was given poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) thread acupoint catgut embedding on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated continuously for 3 months. The TCM syndromes were scored before and after treatment, and body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) were recorded. The levels of TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C were detected by fully automatic biochemical analyzer. The levels of serum SOD, GSH-Px and total antioxidant capacity (TAOP) were measured by ELISA. The level of serum endothelin-1 (ET-1) was assessed by radioimmunoassay. Color Doppler ultrasound diagnostic instrument was used to detect the brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NMD).Results:The scores of chilly sensation and cold limbs [(1.27±0.12) vs. (1.46±0.16), t=6.08], loose stool [(1.41±0.16) vs. (1.63±0.18), t=5.85], fatigue [(1.45±0.15) vs. (1.57±0.17), t=3.39], dizziness [(1.15±0.11) vs. (1.26±0.13), t=4.14] and loss of appetite [(1.21±0.13) vs. (1.39±0.15), t=5.81] in observation group after treatment were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). BW [(68.03±6.57)kg vs. (71.55±6.76)kg, t=2.39], WC [(85.13±4.63)cm vs. (87.35±4.85)cm, t=2.12] and BMI [(27.35±2.84)kg/m 2vs. (29.18±3.05)kg/m 2, t=2.81]were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The levels of serum TC [(3.15±0.13)mmol/L vs. (3.38±0.17)mmol/L, t=6.88], TG [(1.98±0.11)mmol/L vs. (2.21±0.15)mmol/L, t=7.92]and LDL-C [(2.46±0.26)mmol/L vs. (3.04±0.33)mmol/L, t=8.84]were significantly lower compared with those in control group ( P<0.01) while the level of HDL-C [(1.88±0.24)mmol/L vs. (1.74±0.21)mmol/L, t=2.81]was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.01). The levels of serum SOD [(57.82±5.84)μg/L vs. (55.06±5.61)μg/L, t=2.18], GSH-Px [(96.51±9.52)U/L vs. (92.26±9.25)U/L, t=2.30]and TAOP [(6.21±0.57)U/L vs. (5.94±0.54)U/L, t=2.20]were significantly higher compared to control group ( P<0.05). Serum ET-1 [(60.43±4.36) pg/L vs. (63.71±4.68) pg/L, t=3.28] level was significantly lower than that in control group ( P<0.01), while FMD [(12.48±1.02)% vs. (11.34±0.95)%, t=5.24] and NMD [(15.12±1.24)% vs. (14.44±1.18)%, t=2.54] were significantly higher than those in control group ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The combination of acupoint catgut embedding and Xuezhikang capsule can reduce the scores of TCM syndromes, lower the obesity and blood lipids, enhance the antioxidant function and improve the vascular endothelial function in patients with statin intolerance and hyperlipidemia.

Objective:To analyze the patterns of dynamic functional connectivity(dFC) at rest in different obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) subtypes based on gray matter volume, and explore the relationship between abnormal gray matter volume and dFC patterns and clinical symptoms in different OCD subtypes.Methods:Clinical data were prospectively collected from a total of 48 patients with OCD from inpatient and outpatient departments of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College(20 cases) and Qiqihar Mental Health Center(28 cases) from September 2013 to March 2020. There were 33 males and 15 females, aged 18 to 42(27.1±6.7) years. During the same period, 39 age-matched healthy controls were also recruited, including 31 males and 8 females, aged 18 to 43(28.5±8.6) years. Structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed on 48 OCD patients(OCD group) who met the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria and 39 healthy controls(control group). Using voxel-based morphometry(VBM) and semi-supervised machine learning methods, the patient group was characterized by gray matter volume to perform subtype analysis, and brain regions with abnormal gray matter volume were selected as regions of interest for whole-brain voxel-wise dFC analysis. Correlations between abnormal gray matter volume and dFC and clinical symptoms in OCD patients were analyzed.Results:Based on gray matter volume, OCD patients were computed into two subtypes, of which subtype 1 increased gray matter volume in the right central posterior gyrus(809 voxels; t=4.31; GRF corrected voxel P<0.001, cluster P<0.05 two-tailed), and subtype 2 showed reduced gray matter volume in the left superior temporal gyrus(1 118 voxels; t=-4.37; GRF corrected voxel P<0.001, cluster P<0.05 two-tailed). In subtype 1, the dFC between the right central posterior gyrus and left medial superior frontal gyrus was significantly reduced(187 voxels; t=-4.42; GRF corrected voxel P<0.001, cluster P<0.05 two-tailed); in subtype 2, dFC between the left superior temporal gyrus and left hippocampus, and left central opercular cortex was significantly reduced(272 voxels、99 voxels; t=-4.69, -5.01; GRF corrected voxel P<0.001, cluster P<0.05 two-tailed). In subtype 1, dFC between the right central posterior gyrus and left medial superior frontal gyrus was negatively correlated with illness duration( r=-0.579; P=0.002, uncorrected). In subtype 2, dFC between the left superior temporal gyrus and left hippocampus was positively correlated with illness duration( r=0.578; P=0.003, uncorrected). Conclusions:In the resting state, patients with different subtypes of OCD may have different patterns of dFC abnormalities based on gray matter volume.

Objective:To analyze the patterns of dynamic functional connectivity(dFC) at rest in different obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) subtypes based on gray matter volume, and explore the relationship between abnormal gray matter volume and dFC patterns and clinical symptoms in different OCD subtypes.Methods:Clinical data were prospectively collected from a total of 48 patients with OCD from inpatient and outpatient departments of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College(20 cases) and Qiqihar Mental Health Center(28 cases) from September 2013 to March 2020. There were 33 males and 15 females, aged 18 to 42(27.1±6.7) years. During the same period, 39 age-matched healthy controls were also recruited, including 31 males and 8 females, aged 18 to 43(28.5±8.6) years. Structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed on 48 OCD patients(OCD group) who met the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria and 39 healthy controls(control group). Using voxel-based morphometry(VBM) and semi-supervised machine learning methods, the patient group was characterized by gray matter volume to perform subtype analysis, and brain regions with abnormal gray matter volume were selected as regions of interest for whole-brain voxel-wise dFC analysis. Correlations between abnormal gray matter volume and dFC and clinical symptoms in OCD patients were analyzed.Results:Based on gray matter volume, OCD patients were computed into two subtypes, of which subtype 1 increased gray matter volume in the right central posterior gyrus(809 voxels; t=4.31; GRF corrected voxel P<0.001, cluster P<0.05 two-tailed), and subtype 2 showed reduced gray matter volume in the left superior temporal gyrus(1 118 voxels; t=-4.37; GRF corrected voxel P<0.001, cluster P<0.05 two-tailed). In subtype 1, the dFC between the right central posterior gyrus and left medial superior frontal gyrus was significantly reduced(187 voxels; t=-4.42; GRF corrected voxel P<0.001, cluster P<0.05 two-tailed); in subtype 2, dFC between the left superior temporal gyrus and left hippocampus, and left central opercular cortex was significantly reduced(272 voxels、99 voxels; t=-4.69, -5.01; GRF corrected voxel P<0.001, cluster P<0.05 two-tailed). In subtype 1, dFC between the right central posterior gyrus and left medial superior frontal gyrus was negatively correlated with illness duration( r=-0.579; P=0.002, uncorrected). In subtype 2, dFC between the left superior temporal gyrus and left hippocampus was positively correlated with illness duration( r=0.578; P=0.003, uncorrected). Conclusions:In the resting state, patients with different subtypes of OCD may have different patterns of dFC abnormalities based on gray matter volume.

Objective:To investigate the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) of bilateral precuneus at resting-state in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:Fifty patients with OCD who matched the criteria of ICD-10 and 50 healthy controls (HCs) were examined by the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning. Voxel-based whole-brain dFC method was used to analyze the dFC of bilateral precuneus at resting-state in OCD; Pearson correlation analyses was used to analyze the relationship between the abnormal dFC values and clinical symptoms in OCD; support vector machine analyses was used to explore whether abnormal dFC could be used to identify OCD.Results:Compared with HCs, patients with OCD showed decreased dFC values between left precuneus and left medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) (0.23±0.02 vs. 0.26±0.03, t=-6.23, P<0.05, GRF corrected), left cuneus (0.24±0.03 vs. 0.28±0.04, t=-5.30, P<0.05, GRF corrected), and left paracentral lobule (0.23±0.03 vs. 0.27±0.04, t=-5.36, P<0.05, GRF corrected); and decreased dFC values between right precuneus and left postcentral gyrus (0.23±0.04 vs. 0.27±0.04, t=-5.12, P<0.05, GRF corrected). The decreased dFC values between left precuneus and left MPFC was positively correlated with the total score of Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale (Y-BOCS)( r=0.289, P<0.05, uncorrected); the decreased dFC values between right precuneus and left posterior central gyrus was positively correlated with Y-BOCS total scores ( r=0.292, P<0.05, uncorrected) and obsessive subscale scores ( r=0.304, P<0.05, uncorrected). The area under the curve value of the decreased dFC values between right precuneus and left posterior central gyrus was 0.856; the Youden Index was 0.52; the sensitivity was 100%, and the specificity was 52%. Conclusions:The dFC of bilateral precuneus decreases at resting-state in patients with OCD. The abnormal dFC value between the right precuneus and the left posterior central gyrus may have implications to identify OCD.

Objective:To investigate the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) of bilateral precuneus at resting-state in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:Fifty patients with OCD who matched the criteria of ICD-10 and 50 healthy controls (HCs) were examined by the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning. Voxel-based whole-brain dFC method was used to analyze the dFC of bilateral precuneus at resting-state in OCD; Pearson correlation analyses was used to analyze the relationship between the abnormal dFC values and clinical symptoms in OCD; support vector machine analyses was used to explore whether abnormal dFC could be used to identify OCD.Results:Compared with HCs, patients with OCD showed decreased dFC values between left precuneus and left medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) (0.23±0.02 vs. 0.26±0.03, t=-6.23, P<0.05, GRF corrected), left cuneus (0.24±0.03 vs. 0.28±0.04, t=-5.30, P<0.05, GRF corrected), and left paracentral lobule (0.23±0.03 vs. 0.27±0.04, t=-5.36, P<0.05, GRF corrected); and decreased dFC values between right precuneus and left postcentral gyrus (0.23±0.04 vs. 0.27±0.04, t=-5.12, P<0.05, GRF corrected). The decreased dFC values between left precuneus and left MPFC was positively correlated with the total score of Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale (Y-BOCS)( r=0.289, P<0.05, uncorrected); the decreased dFC values between right precuneus and left posterior central gyrus was positively correlated with Y-BOCS total scores ( r=0.292, P<0.05, uncorrected) and obsessive subscale scores ( r=0.304, P<0.05, uncorrected). The area under the curve value of the decreased dFC values between right precuneus and left posterior central gyrus was 0.856; the Youden Index was 0.52; the sensitivity was 100%, and the specificity was 52%. Conclusions:The dFC of bilateral precuneus decreases at resting-state in patients with OCD. The abnormal dFC value between the right precuneus and the left posterior central gyrus may have implications to identify OCD.

Objective:To investigate the spontaneous neural activities and the whole-brain functional connectivity(FC) patterns at rest in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:40 drug-naive patients with OCD matched the diagnostic criteria of ICD-10 (OCD group), and 38 genders, age, education-matched healthy controls (controls group) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) approach was used to explore spontaneous neural activities. The brain region with abnormal fALFF value (right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)) was used as the interested region to carry out the whole-brain FC analysis. We analyzed the correlation of clinical symptoms with the abnormal fALFF and FC values by partial correlation analysis in patients with OCD.Results:Compared with controls group, increased fALFF were found in the right OFC and right dorsolateral prefrontal gyrus ( t=4.45, 5.25; P<0.05, GRF corrected), and increased FC were observed between the right OFC and left OFC, and left cerebellum crus Ⅱ ( t=5.39, 4.94; P<0.05, GRF corrected) in OCD group. The increased FC between right OFC and left cerebellum crus Ⅱ positively correlated with 17-Items Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale scores ( r=0.401, P=0.015; r=0.389, P=0.019; uncorrected). Conclusions:The local spontaneous neural activities and FC in the cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical and OFC-cerebellar circuits were abnormal at rest in patients with OCD.

Objective:To investigate the spontaneous neural activities and the whole-brain functional connectivity(FC) patterns at rest in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:40 drug-naive patients with OCD matched the diagnostic criteria of ICD-10 (OCD group), and 38 genders, age, education-matched healthy controls (controls group) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) approach was used to explore spontaneous neural activities. The brain region with abnormal fALFF value (right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)) was used as the interested region to carry out the whole-brain FC analysis. We analyzed the correlation of clinical symptoms with the abnormal fALFF and FC values by partial correlation analysis in patients with OCD.Results:Compared with controls group, increased fALFF were found in the right OFC and right dorsolateral prefrontal gyrus ( t=4.45, 5.25; P<0.05, GRF corrected), and increased FC were observed between the right OFC and left OFC, and left cerebellum crus Ⅱ ( t=5.39, 4.94; P<0.05, GRF corrected) in OCD group. The increased FC between right OFC and left cerebellum crus Ⅱ positively correlated with 17-Items Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale scores ( r=0.401, P=0.015; r=0.389, P=0.019; uncorrected). Conclusions:The local spontaneous neural activities and FC in the cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical and OFC-cerebellar circuits were abnormal at rest in patients with OCD.

Objective:To investigate the application of retroauricular sulcus incision in surgery for benign tumor in superficial lobe of parotid gland.Methods:A total of 20 patients were reviewed who underwent the resection of benign tumor in the superficial lobe of parotid gland with retroauricular sulcus incision at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the Linyi City People Hospital between May 2015 and March 2017. There were 12 males and 8 females with an age range of 12-66 years old, including 15 cases with mixed tumor and 5 cases with adenolymphoma. Surgical procedure included facial never dissection from the main trunk to facial never cervical trunk, temporal trunk and peripheral branches. After resection of tumor and superficial lobe of parotid gland, and sternocleidomastoid muscle flap was used to fill the defect in parotid area. All patients were postoperatively followed up after surgery.Results:Surgeries were successfully operated in all patients. Follow-up for 2 years showed there was no presence of recurrence, salivary fistula, Frey syndrome, scar affecting facial appearance, or significant deformity in the surgical area.Conclusion:Surgery for superficial lobe of parotid gland and facial nerve dissection through retroauricular sulcus incision have some advantages such as incision concealment, simple procedure for facial nerve dissection, simultaneous repair of tissue defects with sternocleidomastoid muscle flap, and less complications.