The theory of " Sui Qi Suo De" originates from Zhang Zhongjing's Jin Gui Yao Lue and has been further developed by later generations of practitioners, offering significant guidance for clinical practice. Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are common malignant disorders of the hematopoietic system, characterized by high heterogeneity and progressive mutational changes. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), MDS falls under the category of "marrow toxin exhaustion". This article applies the theory of " Sui Qi Suo De" in TCM to analyze the pathophysiological changes during different stages of MDS. Specifically, it explores the precursor stage (focusing on health maintenance and prevention before illness, addressing the " Suo De" of "gradual decline of vital qi"), the low-risk stage (strengthening the spleen and kidneys, clearing toxic pathogens, addressing the " Suo De" of "weakened vital qi invaded by pathogens"), and the medium-to-high-risk stage (detoxifying and reinforcing the body, harmonizing physical and mental health, addressing the " Suo De" of "dominant pathogens and declining vital qi"). The goal is to provide new directions and theoretical insights for the TCM treatment of MDS.

Gouty arthritis （GA） is a metabolic disease caused by disorders of purine metabolism and/or abnormal excretion of uric acid in the body. Its pathogenesis is mostly related to dietary structure as well as excessive intake of protein， sugar and fat， and the clinical manifestations are joint redness， swelling， heat and pain， which seriously affect the daily life of patients. Therefore， it is urgent to carry out research on anti-GA drugs. Western drugs for the treatment of GA， such as colchicine， can relieve pain in the short term， but with obvious side effects in long-term treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine has definite efficacy and high safety in the treatment of GA and is more acceptable to patients than western medicine. Modern medical research has concluded that inflammatory factors， oxidative stress， apoptosis and intestinal dysbacteriosis are closely related to the pathogenesis of GA. In-depth research has found that single traditional Chinese medicine and its compounds can regulate Toll-like receptors/myeloid differentiation factor 88 （TLRs/MyD88） signaling pathway， NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 （NLRP3） inflammasome， nuclear transcription factor-κB （NF-κB） and other inflammatory signaling pathways， and further intervene in the downstream cytokines such as interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-2 （IL-2）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ （PPARγ）， nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor-α（IκB-α） and aspartate-specific cysteine protease 1 （Caspase-1） to reduce inflammatory factors and increase anti-inflammatory factors， thereby exerting the anti-GA role. Therefore， this paper summarized and elaborated the experiments of inflammatory response mediated by traditional Chinese medicines and their compounds via regulating inflammatory signaling pathways in recent years， which provides new ideas and theoretical basis for finding more related anti-inflammatory traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of GA.

OBJECTIVETo study biological effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (RhEPO) on the expression of oligodendrocyte in the neuron glia antigen 2(NG2), Nogo receptor-interacting protein 1(LINGO-1), myelin basic protein (MBP) and myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG), and to explore the protective mechanism of RhEPO for oligodendrocyte after cerebral infarction.

METHODSExperimental rats were randomly divided into the treatment group (RhEPO at a dose of 3 000 U/kg) or saline control group. Both groups received intraperitoneal injection of RhEPO after cerebral ischemia in 30 min, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h, which was administered daily for 7 days. The modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and histology were analyzed, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of NG2, MAG, MBP and LINGO-1.

RESULTSThe overall mNSS of RhEPO treatment group significantly decreased compared with the saline control group on the seventh day after cerebral infarction (P<0.05). Such treatment effect was more obvious in the treatment group at 30 min and 3 h (P<0.01). Compared with the saline control group, the numbers of NG2 positive cells increased in RhEPO treatment group. In contrast, the expression of LINGO-1 protein significantly decreased (P<0.05), with a dramatic decrease observed at 30 min and 3 h (P<0.01). However, the expression of MBP protein decreased more significantly in saline control group, while the level of the MAG protein expression increased. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05), especially at 30 min (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSAfter cerebral ischemia, RhEPO promotes the proliferation of NG2 positive cells, and inhibits the expression of LINGO-1 and MAG proteins. RhEPO improves the proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, which in turn protects neuronal function, particularly at the early phase of ischemia.

Objective To investigate the association between expression of the epithelial?to?mesenchymal transition(EMT)biomarkers and the malignant progression of gastric cancer in primary tumors and metastases and their possible correlation with progression of gastric cancer(GC). Methods The EMT biomarkers including E?cadherin,β?catenin,N?cadherin,Snail and TGF?β1 were detected by immunohistochemical method for 145 cases of gastric cancer(GC),25 cases of abnormal hyperplasia,13 cases of intestinal metaplasia,42 cases of lymph node metastasis and 40 cases of normal gastric mucosa tissues. Results Positive rates of TGF?β1,Snail,E?cadherin,β?catenin and N?cadherin were 73.5%,65.5%, 14.5%,53.1%and 35.9%,respectively,in gastric cancer tissues and 100%,100%,0%,27.5%and 2.5%,respectively,in normal gastric tissues, with a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05). The decreased expression of E?cadherin andβ?catenin and the increased expression of TGF?β1 were related to the depth of invasion of gastric cancer(P<0.05). The expression of E?cadherin was correlated positively with the expres?sion ofβ?catenin,but negatively with the expression of TGF?β1. Whereas,the expression of N?cadherin was correlated positively with the expression of TGF?β1(P<0.05). The expression of E?cadherin andβ?catenin in lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in gastric cancer tis?sues,while the expression of TGF?β1 was lower than in gastric cancer tissues(P<0.05). Conclusion The increased expression of TGF?β1 and Snail and the decreased expression of E?cadherin,β?catenin,and N?cadherin are involved in the processes of invasion and metastasis of GC. The transformation of E?cadherin to N?cadherin and the expression of TGF?β1 may play an important role in the development of GC. In lymph node me?tastasis,the phenomenon of mesenchymal?to?epithelial transition(MET)occurs.

Objective To study biological effect of recombinant human erythropoietin ( RhEPO) on the expression of oligodendrocyte in the neuron glia antigen 2 ( NG2 ) , Nogo receptor-interacting protein 1 (LINGO-1), myelin basic protein (MBP) and myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG), and to explore the protective mechanism of RhEPO for oligodendrocyte after cerebral infarction.Methods Experimental rats were randomly divided into the treatment group ( RhEPO at a dose of 3 000 U/kg) or saline control group.Both groups received intraperitoneal injection of RhEPO after cerebral ischemia in 30 min, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h, which was administered daily for 7 days.The modified neurological severity score ( mNSS) and histology were analyzed, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of NG2, MAG, MBP and LINGO-1.Results The overall mNSS of RhEPO treatment group significantly decreased compared with the saline control group on the seventh day after cerebral infarction ( P<0.05 ).Such treatment effect was more obvious in the treatment group at 30 min and 3 h ( P<0.01).Compared with the saline control group, the numbers of NG2 positive cells increased in RhEPO treatment group.In contrast, the expression of LINGO-1 protein significantly decreased (P<0.05), with a dramatic decrease observed at 30 min and 3 h ( P<0.01).However, the expression of MBP protein decreased more significantly in saline control group, while the level of the MAG protein expression increased.The differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05), especially at 30 min (P<0.01).Conclusions After cerebral ischemia, RhEPO promotes the proliferation of NG2 positive cells, and inhibits the expression of LINGO-1 and MAG proteins.RhEPO improves the proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, which in turn protects neuronal function, particularly at the early phase of ischemia.

INTRODUCTIONAccording to the findings of some studies, instability due to inertia during changes in speed may negatively impact the quality of chest compressions performed during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in a moving environment. This study thus aimed to introduce a simple device that maintains the balance of a person performing CPR in a moving environment, such as an ambulance. We also sought to evaluate the effectiveness of this device in the improvement of the quality of chest compressions.

METHODSThe experiment comprised a total of 40 simulated cardiopulmonary arrest scenes (20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control), in which CPR was conducted by eight paramedics. Each simulation involved two paramedics randomly selected from the eight. The ambulance took the same route from the simulated site to the hospital, and continuous CPR was performed on a manikin in the ambulance with or without the aid of our proposed novel device.

RESULTSThe average number of chest compressions per simulation in the experimental and control groups was 1330.75 and 1266.60, respectively (p = 0.095). The percentage of chest compressions with adequate depth achieved in the experimental and control groups was 72% ± 4% and 50% ± 3%, respectively (p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONBy maintaining the balance of the CPR performer, our proposed novel device can offset the negative impact that instability (due to a moving environment) has on chest compressions. The device may also lead to an increase in the percentage of chest compressions that achieve adequate depth.

Adult ; Allied Health Personnel ; Ambulances ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Emergency Medical Services ; methods ; Equipment Design ; Equipment Safety ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Manikins ; Movement ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest ; mortality ; therapy ; Physical Exertion ; physiology ; Reference Values ; Risk Assessment ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome