Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis is a highly invasive zoonotic parasitic disease with poor prognosis. Surgical intervention serves as the pivotal approach to achieve radical cure and improve the prognosis of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis patients. In recent years, with the popularization of the concept of precision surgery and the development of the multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment model, the surgical treatment strategies for hepatic alveolar echinococcosis have been continuously enriched, and the selection of surgical procedures has become increasingly diversified. Although key surgical techniques such as radical hepatectomy, autologous liver transplantation and allogeneic liver transplantation have achieved remarkable progress in clinical application, many insurmountable challenges still remain. Therefore, by sorting out the latest evidence-based advances in the field of surgical treatment for hepatic alveolar echinococcosis, this article focuses on discussing the application status and bottlenecks of radical hepatectomy, autologous liver transplantation and allogeneic liver transplantation in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis, aiming to provide a reference for the clinical treatment of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between circular RNA (circRNA) circ-DCAF7 and the survival of prostate cancer patients, as well as the effects and potential mechanisms of circ-DCAF7 on proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells in vitro.Methods:The expression and survival data of circ-DCAF7 gene were obtained from 151 prostate cancer patients using the PROGgeneV2 online platform. Patients were divided into circ-DCAF7 high and low expression groups based on the median expression level of circ-DCAF7 gene, and the difference in overall survival between the two groups was compared. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the expression of circ-DCAF7 at transcription level in human prostate cancer cell lines 22Rv1, VCaP, PC-3, DU-145, LNCaP, and human normal prostate epithelial cell line RWPE-1. The control plasmid (carrying irrelevant control sequences) and the plasmid carrying circ-DCAF7 sequences were transfected into VCaP cells using liposome reagents, respectively, and referred to as the control group and circ-DCAF7 group. The proliferation and migration abilities of two groups of VCaP cells were detected by plate clone formation assay and cell scratch assay, respectively; using CircInteractome online software, specific binding sites were predicted between circ-DCAF7 and miRNA-18a-5p (miR-18a-5p) sequences, and validated using dual luciferase reporter gene assay; qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-18a-5p at transcription level in VCaP cells of control group and circ-DCAF7 group; Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of AKT signaling pathway factors p-AKT, p-mTOR, HIF-1α, and c-myc proteins in two groups of VCaP cells.Results:Analysis using the PROGgeneV2 online tool showed that the overall survival of prostate cancer patients in the circ-DCAF7 high expression group was better than that in the circ-DCAF7 low expression group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.001). Compared with the normal prostate epithelial cell line RWPE-1, the relative expression of circ-DCAF7 at transcription level in all prostate cancer cell lines was lower, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Among them, the expression level of circ-DCAF7 in VCaP cells was the lowest ( P < 0.001). The relative expression of circ-DCAF7 at transcription level in VCaP cells in the circ-DCAF7 group was higher than that in the control group (9.88±1.58 vs. 1.04±0.39), and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 5.42, P = 0.002). The number of VCaP cell clone formation in the circ-DCAF7 group was less than that in the control group (35±12 vs. 116±11), and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 4.96, P = 0.003). The 25-hour scratch healing rate of VCaP cells in the circ-DCAF7 group was lower than that in the control group [(16±3)% vs. (52±6)%], and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 5.37, P = 0.002). The dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that compared with VCaP cells co-transfected with miR-18a-5p unrelated control and carrying wild-type circ-DCAF7 sequence plasmid, the relative luciferase activity of VCaP cells co-transfected with miR-18a-5p and carrying wild-type circ-DCAF7 sequence plasmid was lower, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 7.31, P < 0.001). The relative expression of miR-18a-5p at transcription level in VCaP cells in the circ-DCAF7 group was lower than that in the control group (0.99±0.15 vs. 7.55±1.12), and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 5.83, P = 0.001). Western blotting analysis showed that the expression levels of p-AKT, p-mTOR, HIF-1α, and c-myc proteins of the AKT signaling pathway in VCAP cells of the circ-DCAF7 group were lower than those in the control group. Conclusions:The low expression level of circRNA circ-DCAF7 may be associated with poor prognosis of prostate cancer patients; upregulation of circ-DCAF7 level in prostate cancer cells may inhibit cell proliferation and migration by regulating the miR-18a-5p/AKT signaling pathway.

Objective To determine the pathogenicity of a novel mutation(c.109_111del)in DKC1 gene of an adult patient,and to analyze the clinical phenotype,immunophenotype and telomere length,so as to provide clues for early clinical identification and diagnosis.Methods The clinical data and peripheral blood samples of the patient were collected for genetic testing and family analysis.The lymphocyte subsets of the patient were detected by Flow cytometry,and the telomere length of the patient and healthy controls were detected by Flow-FISH.Results The main clinical manifestations of the patient were mucocutaneous triad,bone marrow failure and infection.The telomere length of lymphocytes in the patient was significantly shorter than that of healthy controls of the same age,and the absolute value and percentage of lymphocyte subsets were abnormal.Conclusion The clinical manifestations of DC patients are diverse.Flow-FISH detection of telomere length is helpful for early diagnosis of DC patients.

Objective:To explore the feasibility of the new auxiliary analysis software in chromosomal aberration analysis of radiation workers during occupational health examinations.Methods:Health examination data of 2 469 radiation workers in Henan province were collected. Manual analysis of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes was conducted using the new auxiliary software and the Ikaros software. Then, the chromosomal aberrations detected using both software tools were compared.Results:The new auxiliary software yielded a lower chromosomal aberration rate among radiation workers compared with the Ikaros software [(0.314 ± 0.014)% vs. (0.391 ± 0.022)%, χ2 = 9.24, P = 0.002]. Notably, the new auxiliary software yielded a significantly lower rate of acentric fragments (ace) [(0.136 ± 0.009)% vs. (0.209 ± 0.020)%, χ2= 17.76, P < 0.001]. However, no statistically significant differences were observed between the result of the two software tools in the rates of dicentrics plus rings (dic + r) and translocations ( P > 0.05). According to the GBZ/T 248-2014 standard, the differences in abnormality rates of chromosomal aberrations between the two groups had no statistically significance ( P > 0.05), with both groups showing an abnormality rate of 0 for ace. Furthermore, the new auxiliary software could double the detection efficiency. Among pre-service radiation workers of various occupations, the differences in the chromosomal aberrations detected using the two software tools exhibited statistical significance ( χ2 = 10.26, P = 0.001). In contrast, the differences in the chromosomal aberrations among in-service and post-service radiation workers had no statistically different significance ( P>0.05). The Poisson regression analysis result demonstrated that the rate of chromosomal aberrations excluding ace was affected by age ( z = 2.73, P = 0.006), while gender, analysis method, service status, and occupation had no impact. Conclusions:The two software tools yielded largely consistent result in detecting chromosomal aberrations induced by exposure to ionizing radiation. Notably, the new auxiliary software can significantly improve detection efficiency, indicating the feasibility of applying it to chromosomal aberration analysis among radiation workers.

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological dynamics and spatiotemporal diffusion trend of brucellosis in China from 2010 to 2024.Methods:Data on reported human brucellosis cases in mainland China from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2024, were collected via the"China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention", including detailed information on the date of onset, gender, age, occupation, and residential address of the cases. The Joinpoint regression and spatial interpolation techniques were used to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics and population distribution characteristics of human brucellosis in pastoral/semi-pastoral areas and other regions, as well as urban and rural areas, and explore the epidemic trends of the disease.Results:From 2010 to 2024, pastoral/semi-pastoral regions reported 252 094 brucellosis cases, with a mean annual incidence rate of 36.57±7.28 per 100 000. In contrast, other regions cumulatively recorded 519 748 cases during the same period, demonstrating a significantly lower mean annual incidence rate of 2.54±0.74 per 100 000. The incidence rate of human brucellosis in pastoral/semi-pastoral regions exhibited a declining-rebounding-declining trend. Specifically, the incidence rate decreased significantly from 2010 to 2017 (APC=-7.20; P<0.001) and increased notably from 2017 to 2021 (APC=18.00; P=0.015) with a decline again from 2021 to 2024 (APC=-7.53; P=0.027). In other regions, the incidence rate showed a fluctuating upward trend. Specifically, the incidence rate increased significantly from 2010 to 2015 (APC=20.37; P<0.001) and decreased notably from 2015 to 2018 (APC=-21.78; P<0.001), followed by an increase again from 2018 to 2024, a significant upward trend in incidence rate from 2018 to 2021 (APC=26.73; P<0.001) and a non-significant decline from 2021 to 2024 (APC=-0.99; P=0.735), resulting in the maintenance of a relatively high incidence level. Rural areas demonstrated significantly higher brucellosis incidence rates than urban settings (all P<0.001). Brucellosis exhibited a diffusion trend from the northern epidemic areas of China to neighboring regions, along with sporadic diffusion in southern regions between 2010 and 2024. The age structure of patients in pastoral/semi-pastoral areas differed significantly from that in other regions. Specifically, in pastoral/semi-pastoral areas, the incidence rate was higher among the 35-49 age groups, while in other regions, the incidence rate was higher among those aged 55-64. Conclusion:There are notable disparities in the incidence of human brucellosis between pastoral/semi-pastoral areas and other regions in China. Human brucellosis exhibits a diffusion trend from the northern epidemic areas of China to neighboring regions, along with sporadic diffusion in southern regions.

Objective To determine the pathogenicity of a novel mutation(c.109_111del)in DKC1 gene of an adult patient,and to analyze the clinical phenotype,immunophenotype and telomere length,so as to provide clues for early clinical identification and diagnosis.Methods The clinical data and peripheral blood samples of the patient were collected for genetic testing and family analysis.The lymphocyte subsets of the patient were detected by Flow cytometry,and the telomere length of the patient and healthy controls were detected by Flow-FISH.Results The main clinical manifestations of the patient were mucocutaneous triad,bone marrow failure and infection.The telomere length of lymphocytes in the patient was significantly shorter than that of healthy controls of the same age,and the absolute value and percentage of lymphocyte subsets were abnormal.Conclusion The clinical manifestations of DC patients are diverse.Flow-FISH detection of telomere length is helpful for early diagnosis of DC patients.

Objective:To explore the feasibility of the new auxiliary analysis software in chromosomal aberration analysis of radiation workers during occupational health examinations.Methods:Health examination data of 2 469 radiation workers in Henan province were collected. Manual analysis of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes was conducted using the new auxiliary software and the Ikaros software. Then, the chromosomal aberrations detected using both software tools were compared.Results:The new auxiliary software yielded a lower chromosomal aberration rate among radiation workers compared with the Ikaros software [(0.314 ± 0.014)% vs. (0.391 ± 0.022)%, χ2 = 9.24, P = 0.002]. Notably, the new auxiliary software yielded a significantly lower rate of acentric fragments (ace) [(0.136 ± 0.009)% vs. (0.209 ± 0.020)%, χ2= 17.76, P < 0.001]. However, no statistically significant differences were observed between the result of the two software tools in the rates of dicentrics plus rings (dic + r) and translocations ( P > 0.05). According to the GBZ/T 248-2014 standard, the differences in abnormality rates of chromosomal aberrations between the two groups had no statistically significance ( P > 0.05), with both groups showing an abnormality rate of 0 for ace. Furthermore, the new auxiliary software could double the detection efficiency. Among pre-service radiation workers of various occupations, the differences in the chromosomal aberrations detected using the two software tools exhibited statistical significance ( χ2 = 10.26, P = 0.001). In contrast, the differences in the chromosomal aberrations among in-service and post-service radiation workers had no statistically different significance ( P>0.05). The Poisson regression analysis result demonstrated that the rate of chromosomal aberrations excluding ace was affected by age ( z = 2.73, P = 0.006), while gender, analysis method, service status, and occupation had no impact. Conclusions:The two software tools yielded largely consistent result in detecting chromosomal aberrations induced by exposure to ionizing radiation. Notably, the new auxiliary software can significantly improve detection efficiency, indicating the feasibility of applying it to chromosomal aberration analysis among radiation workers.

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological dynamics and spatiotemporal diffusion trend of brucellosis in China from 2010 to 2024.Methods:Data on reported human brucellosis cases in mainland China from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2024, were collected via the"China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention", including detailed information on the date of onset, gender, age, occupation, and residential address of the cases. The Joinpoint regression and spatial interpolation techniques were used to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics and population distribution characteristics of human brucellosis in pastoral/semi-pastoral areas and other regions, as well as urban and rural areas, and explore the epidemic trends of the disease.Results:From 2010 to 2024, pastoral/semi-pastoral regions reported 252 094 brucellosis cases, with a mean annual incidence rate of 36.57±7.28 per 100 000. In contrast, other regions cumulatively recorded 519 748 cases during the same period, demonstrating a significantly lower mean annual incidence rate of 2.54±0.74 per 100 000. The incidence rate of human brucellosis in pastoral/semi-pastoral regions exhibited a declining-rebounding-declining trend. Specifically, the incidence rate decreased significantly from 2010 to 2017 (APC=-7.20; P<0.001) and increased notably from 2017 to 2021 (APC=18.00; P=0.015) with a decline again from 2021 to 2024 (APC=-7.53; P=0.027). In other regions, the incidence rate showed a fluctuating upward trend. Specifically, the incidence rate increased significantly from 2010 to 2015 (APC=20.37; P<0.001) and decreased notably from 2015 to 2018 (APC=-21.78; P<0.001), followed by an increase again from 2018 to 2024, a significant upward trend in incidence rate from 2018 to 2021 (APC=26.73; P<0.001) and a non-significant decline from 2021 to 2024 (APC=-0.99; P=0.735), resulting in the maintenance of a relatively high incidence level. Rural areas demonstrated significantly higher brucellosis incidence rates than urban settings (all P<0.001). Brucellosis exhibited a diffusion trend from the northern epidemic areas of China to neighboring regions, along with sporadic diffusion in southern regions between 2010 and 2024. The age structure of patients in pastoral/semi-pastoral areas differed significantly from that in other regions. Specifically, in pastoral/semi-pastoral areas, the incidence rate was higher among the 35-49 age groups, while in other regions, the incidence rate was higher among those aged 55-64. Conclusion:There are notable disparities in the incidence of human brucellosis between pastoral/semi-pastoral areas and other regions in China. Human brucellosis exhibits a diffusion trend from the northern epidemic areas of China to neighboring regions, along with sporadic diffusion in southern regions.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between circular RNA (circRNA) circ-DCAF7 and the survival of prostate cancer patients, as well as the effects and potential mechanisms of circ-DCAF7 on proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells in vitro.Methods:The expression and survival data of circ-DCAF7 gene were obtained from 151 prostate cancer patients using the PROGgeneV2 online platform. Patients were divided into circ-DCAF7 high and low expression groups based on the median expression level of circ-DCAF7 gene, and the difference in overall survival between the two groups was compared. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the expression of circ-DCAF7 at transcription level in human prostate cancer cell lines 22Rv1, VCaP, PC-3, DU-145, LNCaP, and human normal prostate epithelial cell line RWPE-1. The control plasmid (carrying irrelevant control sequences) and the plasmid carrying circ-DCAF7 sequences were transfected into VCaP cells using liposome reagents, respectively, and referred to as the control group and circ-DCAF7 group. The proliferation and migration abilities of two groups of VCaP cells were detected by plate clone formation assay and cell scratch assay, respectively; using CircInteractome online software, specific binding sites were predicted between circ-DCAF7 and miRNA-18a-5p (miR-18a-5p) sequences, and validated using dual luciferase reporter gene assay; qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-18a-5p at transcription level in VCaP cells of control group and circ-DCAF7 group; Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of AKT signaling pathway factors p-AKT, p-mTOR, HIF-1α, and c-myc proteins in two groups of VCaP cells.Results:Analysis using the PROGgeneV2 online tool showed that the overall survival of prostate cancer patients in the circ-DCAF7 high expression group was better than that in the circ-DCAF7 low expression group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.001). Compared with the normal prostate epithelial cell line RWPE-1, the relative expression of circ-DCAF7 at transcription level in all prostate cancer cell lines was lower, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Among them, the expression level of circ-DCAF7 in VCaP cells was the lowest ( P < 0.001). The relative expression of circ-DCAF7 at transcription level in VCaP cells in the circ-DCAF7 group was higher than that in the control group (9.88±1.58 vs. 1.04±0.39), and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 5.42, P = 0.002). The number of VCaP cell clone formation in the circ-DCAF7 group was less than that in the control group (35±12 vs. 116±11), and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 4.96, P = 0.003). The 25-hour scratch healing rate of VCaP cells in the circ-DCAF7 group was lower than that in the control group [(16±3)% vs. (52±6)%], and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 5.37, P = 0.002). The dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that compared with VCaP cells co-transfected with miR-18a-5p unrelated control and carrying wild-type circ-DCAF7 sequence plasmid, the relative luciferase activity of VCaP cells co-transfected with miR-18a-5p and carrying wild-type circ-DCAF7 sequence plasmid was lower, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 7.31, P < 0.001). The relative expression of miR-18a-5p at transcription level in VCaP cells in the circ-DCAF7 group was lower than that in the control group (0.99±0.15 vs. 7.55±1.12), and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 5.83, P = 0.001). Western blotting analysis showed that the expression levels of p-AKT, p-mTOR, HIF-1α, and c-myc proteins of the AKT signaling pathway in VCAP cells of the circ-DCAF7 group were lower than those in the control group. Conclusions:The low expression level of circRNA circ-DCAF7 may be associated with poor prognosis of prostate cancer patients; upregulation of circ-DCAF7 level in prostate cancer cells may inhibit cell proliferation and migration by regulating the miR-18a-5p/AKT signaling pathway.

Objective:To assess the prevalence and type of tissue prolapse (TP) occurring after endovascular treatment (ET), investigate the association between TP types and plaque morphological characteristics before ET, and observe in-stent neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) using optical coherence tomography (OCT).Methods:Patients who underwent carotid artery stenting and received pre- and post-ET OCT assessment at Jinling Hospital between July 2018 and December 2019 were collected. Baseline plaque characteristics and TP features were evaluated using OCT. The TPs were classified into two categories: smooth TP (STP) and irregular and/or high attenuated TP (I/HTP). The association between I/HTP and plaque characteristics was analyzed, while NIH feature was also summarized.Results:A total of 29 patients were included in the study, of whom 23 patients (79.3%) presented with TP. Among these 23 patients, 9 were classified as I/HTP and 14 were classified as STP. Compared with STP, I/HTP was more commonly observed in lipid-rich plaques (7/9 vs 2/14, P=0.007), and lesions with cap rupture (7/9 vs 4/14, P=0.036). Additionally, the longitudinal length of TP appeared to be longer in cases with I/HTP compared to those with STP [3.0 (1.5, 4.6) mm vs 1.1 (0.7, 3.2) mm, Z=1.294, P=0.201]. Six patients underwent OCT follow-up for a mean duration of 6.7 months, of whom 3 patients with I/HTP showed severe heterogeneous NIH (50.1%-61.8%), while 1 patient with STP and 2 patients without TP only demonstrated mild NIH. Conclusions:The study observed that I/HTP was commonly found in plaques with larger lipid core and/or cap rupture, and suggested a potential relationship between I/HTP and NIH. These preliminary findings obtained from a limited sample should be verified by prospective large-scale studies.