Amoenucles A-F (1-6), six previously undescribed nucleoside derivatives, and two known analogs (7 and 8) were isolated from the culture of Aspergillus amoenus TJ507. Their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and chemical reactions. Notably, 3 and 4 represent the first reported instances of nucleosides with an attached pyrrole moiety. Of particular significance, the absolute configuration of the sugar moiety of 1-4 was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electric circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and a hydrolysis reaction, presenting a potentially valuable method for confirming nucleoside structures. Furthermore, 1, 2, and 5-8 exhibited potential tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) inhibitory activities, which may provide a novel chemical template for the development of agents targeting autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
Aspergillus/chemistry* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors* ; Molecular Structure ; Nucleosides/isolation & purification* ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Objective:To investigate the effects of ribonucleic acid for injection Ⅱ, often called RNA Ⅱ for short, combined with chemotherapeutic drug cyclophosphamide (CTX) on the tumor inhibition and survival of sarcoma cell S180 tumor-bearing mice.Methods:The solid transplanted tumor mouse model of sarcoma cell S180 and peritoneal fluid tumor mouse model were established respectively. CTX (25 mg/kg, once for 2 days) alone or combined with low-dose (25 mg/kg, once a day) and medium-dose (50 mg/kg, once a day) RNA Ⅱ were injected intraperitoneally into solid transplanted tumor mice for 10 d. CTX (25 mg/kg, once for 2 days) alone, medium-dose (50 mg/kg, once a day) or high-dose (100 mg/kg, once a day) RNA Ⅱ alone or combined with CTX were injected intraperitoneally into peritoneal effusion tumor mice until all mice died. The two models were set up for modeling groups without drug treatment, 8 mice in each group. The body mass of solid transplanted tumor mice after administration was weighed, the tumor tissue in vivo was taken out and weighed after the mice were executed, and the tumor inhibition rate was calculated. The body mass of peritoneal effusion tumor mice after administration was weighed, the growth rate of body mass was calculated, the survival curve of each group was drawn, and the life extension rate was calculated.Results:(1) Solid transplanted tumor mice: the body mass of mice in each administration group was lower than that in the modeling group after administration. During the administration period, the tumor volume in the modeling group was much higher than that in each administration group. From the 8th day of administration, the tumor volume in vivo in the CTX group began to be larger compared with that in the two combined administration groups. After stopping the administration and killing the mice, the weighing showed that the tumor mass of each administration group was lower than that in the modeling group (all P < 0.01), the tumor mass of CTX + RNA Ⅱ low-dose group and CTX + RNA Ⅱ medium-dose group was lower than that of CTX group (all P < 0.05), and the tumor inhibition rate of the two groups was higher than that of CTX group (83.6%, 77.2% vs. 58.5%). (2) Peritoneal effusion tumor mice: after administration for 12 d, the body mass growth rate of mice in CTX group was increased rapidly and reached the highest, and the body mass growth rate of mice in the two combined administration groups was lower than that in other groups. The life prolongation rates of RNA Ⅱ high-dose group and CTX group were 48.2% and 53.2% respectively, which had the same effect on life prolongation. The life prolongation rate in RNA Ⅱ medium-dose group was 20.9%. The life prolongation rates of CTX + RNA Ⅱ medium-dose group and CTX + RNA Ⅱ high-dose group were 94.2% and 105.0% respectively. Conclusions:RNA Ⅱ combined with CTX can significantly prolong the survival time of sarcoma cell S180 tumor-bearing mice, increase the tumor inhibition rate and improve the quality of life of the mice. Both of them have a synergistic effect.

The central air conditioning ventilation system plays an important role in the air circulation of buildings such as centralized isolation medical observation points and general public buildings. In order to meet the requirements of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, Beijing Preventive Medicine Association organized Beijing CDC and other professional institutes to write up the group standard entitled "Technical specification for health risk investigation of central air conditioning ventilation system during the COVID-19 epidemic (T/BPMA 0006-2020)" . According to the particularity of central air conditioning ventilation system risk control during the outbreak of similar respiratory infectious diseases, based on current laws and regulations and the principle of scientific, practical, consistency and normative, 8 key points of risk investigations were summarized, which were the location of fresh air outlet, air conditioning mode, air return mode, air system, air distribution, fresh air volume, exhaust and air conditioner components. The contents, process, method, data analysis and conclusion of the investigation implementation were also defined and unified. It could standardize and guide institutions such as disease control and health supervision to carry out relevant risk managements, and provided solutions and technical supports for such major public health emergencies in city operations.

Objective To study the clinical and pathological features of histiocytic necmtizing lym-phadenitis( HNL) in children. Methods The clinical data and histological findings of 38 cases of HNL admitted in our hospital from June 2000 to May 2015 were reviewed. Results Most of the patients were school-age children with male-femal ratio of 1. 4: 1. The main clinical features were lymphadenopathy (100%),fever(68. 24%),leucocytopenia(52. 63%),rising of lymphocytes percentage(84. 21%). All of the lymph node excisional biopsy met the criterion of HNL. Some cases spontaneously relieved and some cases were treated with NSAID,glucocorticoid or immunoglobulin and benefited significantly. There was no recurrence. Conclusion The clinical situation is not specific. The diagnosis is established by lymph node ex-cisional biopsy. HNL is benign and self-limited disease. The effect of management using glucocorticoid, NSAID and immunoglobulin is remarkable. Long term follow-up is necessary.

Objective To investigate the effects of low dose of extracellular histone on endothelial cells in infectious diseases such as sepsis. Methods The endothelial cells were treated with 10 μg/mL recombinant human histone H3/H4 complex in replacement of calf thymus histones (CTH) for various periods of time, and the morphology changes and the viability of the endothelial cells were recorded. In addition, flow cytometry was applied to identify the characteristics of endothelial cells and enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the extracellular histones level in endothelial cells culture. Results The low dose of CTH could continuously induce endothelial cells death, cell morphological changes and function loss, which was reproduced by 10 μg/mL recombinant histone H3/H4 complex. Results of histones quantitation showed that histone can cause a series of intracellular reactions in a short period of time. Conclusions It is showed that 10 μg/mL H3/H4 can induce the toxicity in infectious disease and this level of the dose is a lower than those used in previous studies and more close to the pathological conditions.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of infective endocarditis in children. Methords Clinical data from 83 patients of infective endocarditis admitted from 1998 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Results In a total of 83 patients, there were 53 males and 30 females, and the average age was 6.8±4.6 years. The main clinical characteristics were fever (77.1%) and mild to moderate anemia (71.1%). The C-reaction protein (67.5%), erythrocyte sedimen-tation rate (60.2%), and white blood cell (47.0%) were elevated. Twenty (24.1%) patients had embolism. Blood culture was pos-itive in 56 (67.5%) cases with bacteria mainly being Gram-positive and Streptococcus and Staphylococcus accounted for 89.3%. Vancomycin and other sensitive antibiotics were effective. Neoplasm was detected in 68 cases (82%) by transthoracic echocar-diograerphy. Fifty-ifve (66.2%) patients underwent cardio surgery. Seven patients (8.4%) died. Conclusion In recent years, the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in infective endocarditis had changed. Streptococcus mitis and Staphylococcus aureus has become a major pathogens and need to be treated by vancomycin and other sensitive antibiotics. The detection rate of neoplasm is higher by echocardiography.

Objective To investigate the pathogen of 21 infective endocarditis (IE) cases treated with operation in Shanghai Children's Medical Center from 2007 to 2010.Methods Blood culture,vegetation culture and vegetation PCR assay(target gene to the conserved region V3 in 16SrRNA gene) were detected in 21 IE patients; multiplex PCR amplification of staphylococci for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus was performed.Results Of 21 IE cases,20 cases were detected positive by vegetation PCR with the detection rate of 95.2％,12 IE cases were detected positive by blood culture with the detection rate of 57.1％,2 IE cases were detected positive by vegetation culture with the detection rate of 9.5％.The difference of the positive rates of the three methods was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.0001).The vegetation PCR of one case was actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans,while the blood culture was haemolysis pasteurell which was inconsistent with the vegetation PCR result.Howerver,the PCR result of colony obtained by blood culture was consistent with vegetation PCR that was confirmed as actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.The endocardium PCR results of 11 IE cases were consistent with the results of blood culture.MecA gene was detected by multiplex PCR,which could identify methicillin-resistant staphylococcus quickly,sensitively and accurately and could also effectively identify methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus,when coupled with femA gene detection,thus glycopeptides antibiotic could be prescribed promptly.All the 21 patients recovered and discharged without infection recurrence in the follow-up.Conclusion Universal primer V3 coupled with multiplex PCR can improve vegetation pathogen detection rate of IE patients and is minimally influenced by antibiotic therapy.Multiplex PCR can be applied for etiological diagnosis of IE patients with indication of surgery and negative blood culture or difficult diagnosis,contributing to post-surgery antibiotics selection and improvement of recovery rate of IE patients.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of Kangfuxin solution as the auxiliary treatment of chronic periodontitis.Methods 41 patients with chronic periodontal diseases were randomly divided into test group and control group.Following initial therapy,Kangfuxin solution was applied to the test group,but the control group received no drug.The bleeding on probing(BOP)was observed before treatment and 1 week after treatment.Results Before treatment.there was no significant difference in the index between the two groups.After initial therapy 1 week,both groups showed improvement in their examined index(all P＜0.01).The results of the test group were better than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.01).Conclusion Kangfuxin solution as the auxiliary treatment of periodontitis could effectively relieve the clinical symptoms and gain good clinical effect.It was worth to be used widely.

Objective To investigate pediatric infective endocarditis(IE) risk factors and the feature of pathogen.Methods We conducted a retrospective study of 46 cases who were diagnosed as IE from January 2000 to June 2007.Sixteen variables such as sex,primary disease,infectious site,complication,culture result and therapeutic measure were selected for logistic regression analysis.Results Forty-six IE patients accounted for 0.78‰ of all the hospitalized patients during the same period.Of 46 cases,40 had heart diseases.The incidence rate of left-sided endocarditis was higher than that of right-sided endocarditis.Twenty-four had positive blood culture result,one patient had positive culture from vegetation sample.The total positive culture rate was 54%.Gram-positive bacteria were found in 15 cases,and the most common organisms were α-hemolytic streptococcus.Gram-negative bacteria were in 7 cases and fungus infection was present in 3 cases.After antiboitic treatment,40 were cured,6 died.In the logistic regression model,the variables significantly associated with death included negative blood culture (OR=25.127,95%CI=1.110-363.236),hematological system disease (OR=28.620,95%CI=2.261-354.448) and multiple organ failure (OR=19.843,95%CI=0.786-221.754).Conclusion Streptococcus viridans is the most common pathogen in pediatric IE in our hospital.Higher incidence in the left heart than that in the right heart is found.Negative blood culture,hematological system disease and MOF are the risk factors in IE patients.

Objective To observe the effects of different doses of Sijunzi decoction(SJZD) on soleus(SOL) atrophy in tail-suspended rats.Methods Weightlessness was simulated by tail suspension in female Sprague-Dawley rats.Six rats in each group were assigned to a 5-group design randomly: control(CON);hind limb unloading(HLU) plus intragastric water instillation(HLU-W),as well as plus intragastric high dose(HLU-H),middle dose(HLU-M) and low dose(HLU-L) SJZD instillation respectively.Immunohistochemical method was used to observe the effects of them on expression of myosin heavy chain(MHC) isoforms in soleus muscle.Results Compared with HLU-W,muscle wet weight(MWW) of SOL in high and middle dose group increased by 33.11%and 37.57%respectively,as well as no significant difference with CON;three doses of SJZD groups increased the percentage of type Ⅰ myosin by 34.04%~54.90% and its cross sectional area(CSA) by 8.50%~36.86%,moreover SJZD of middle dose group showed no significant difference with that of CON group.Conclusion Three doses of SJZD groups can significantly prevent soleus atrophy induced by simulated weightlessness,and middle dose is the more effective one than high and low dose.