Objective: To fabricate a hydrogel loaded with inositol hexaphosphate-zinc and preliminarily evaluate its performance in self-mineralization and osteoinduction, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the development of bone regeneration materials. Methods: The hydrogel framework (designated DF0) was formed by copolymerizing methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride and four-armed poly(ethylene glycol) acrylate, followed by sequentially loading inositol hexaphosphate anions via electrostatic interaction and zinc ions via chelation. The hydrogel loaded only with inositol hexaphosphate anions was named DF1, while the co-loaded hydrogel was named DF2. The self-mineralization efficacy of the DF0 , DF1 and DF2 hydrogels was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). The biocompatibility was assessed via live/dead cell staining and a CCK-8 assay. The osteoinductive capacity of the DF0 , DF1 and DF2 hydrogels on MC3T3-E1 cells was assessed via alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining. In the aforementioned cell experiments, cells cultured in standard medium served as the control group Results: The DF0, DF1, and DF2 hydrogels were successfully synthesized. Notably, DF1 and DF2 exhibited distinct self-mineralization within 6 days. Results from TEM, EDS, and SAED confirmed that the mineralization products were amorphous calcium phosphate in group DF1, and amorphous calciumzinc phosphate in group DF2. Biocompatibility tests revealed that none of the hydrogels (DF0, DF1, and DF2) adversely affected cell viability or proliferation. In osteogenic induction experiments, both ALP and ARS staining were intensified in the DF1 and DF2 groups, with the most profound staining observed in the DF2 group. Conclusion The developed inositol hexaphosphate-zinc hydrogel (DF2) demonstrates the dual capacity to generate calcium-phosphate compounds through self-mineralization while exhibiting excellent osteoinductive properties. This biocompatible, dual-promoting osteogenic hydrogel presents a novel strategy for bone regeneration.

Fasting plasma glucose(FPG)has been widely used in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus(DM)for its advantages of rapidity,economy,simplicity and acceptability.Hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)has the advantages of being simple,stable,accurate and unaffected by related factors,and has been used in the diagnosis of DM since it was standardized.However,the value of FPG and HbA1c in the early diagnosis of diabetes have been controversial.The purpose of this paper is to explore the value of the two in the early diagnosis of diabetes.

The incidence of apoplexy remains persistently high among the older population.Based on the traditional Chinese medicine principle of"treating the elderly by focusing on the fu",this paper explores the holistic connotation of"fu".It proposes that the onset of apoplexy in the elderly is characterized by obstruction,stagnation,depression,and sluggishness,which should be treated from six fu viscera,xuanfu,and collaterals.The interconnected hierarchical network of these three systems,serving as macro-and micro-channels for qi and fluid metabolism,plays a central role in both disease development and treatment.The failure of the six fu viscera to descend and the upward invasion of turbid yin are identified as prerequisites for apoplexy onset,whereas yang qi stagnation and xuanfu blockage act as key pathogenic drivers,and the core mechanisms involve phlegm-stasis-toxin accumulation,and dysfunction of the collaterals and fu.In the treatment,acute phase requires unblocking fu viscera and restoring xuanfu patency;chronic phase focuses on dredging collaterals and opening xuanfu;and recovery phase emphasizes tonifying combined with regulating xuanfu.The understanding of"treating the elderly by focusing on the fu"emphasizes that the pathogenesis of the disease should be changed to individual conditions;"six fu viscera-xuanfu-collaterals"exhibits a pathological mechanism characterized by the transmission and reception of pathogenic factors,as well as progressive mutual involvement;in clinical practice,treatment should meticulously assess the severity and nuances of the condition,prioritizing method that emphasizes unobstructed flow;additionally,therapy should be essential to protect stomach qi and integrate therapeutic attacks within a framework of supplementation.These principles offer valuable reference for the differentiation and treatment of apoplexy.

Fasting plasma glucose(FPG)has been widely used in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus(DM)for its advantages of rapidity,economy,simplicity and acceptability.Hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)has the advantages of being simple,stable,accurate and unaffected by related factors,and has been used in the diagnosis of DM since it was standardized.However,the value of FPG and HbA1c in the early diagnosis of diabetes have been controversial.The purpose of this paper is to explore the value of the two in the early diagnosis of diabetes.

The incidence of apoplexy remains persistently high among the older population.Based on the traditional Chinese medicine principle of"treating the elderly by focusing on the fu",this paper explores the holistic connotation of"fu".It proposes that the onset of apoplexy in the elderly is characterized by obstruction,stagnation,depression,and sluggishness,which should be treated from six fu viscera,xuanfu,and collaterals.The interconnected hierarchical network of these three systems,serving as macro-and micro-channels for qi and fluid metabolism,plays a central role in both disease development and treatment.The failure of the six fu viscera to descend and the upward invasion of turbid yin are identified as prerequisites for apoplexy onset,whereas yang qi stagnation and xuanfu blockage act as key pathogenic drivers,and the core mechanisms involve phlegm-stasis-toxin accumulation,and dysfunction of the collaterals and fu.In the treatment,acute phase requires unblocking fu viscera and restoring xuanfu patency;chronic phase focuses on dredging collaterals and opening xuanfu;and recovery phase emphasizes tonifying combined with regulating xuanfu.The understanding of"treating the elderly by focusing on the fu"emphasizes that the pathogenesis of the disease should be changed to individual conditions;"six fu viscera-xuanfu-collaterals"exhibits a pathological mechanism characterized by the transmission and reception of pathogenic factors,as well as progressive mutual involvement;in clinical practice,treatment should meticulously assess the severity and nuances of the condition,prioritizing method that emphasizes unobstructed flow;additionally,therapy should be essential to protect stomach qi and integrate therapeutic attacks within a framework of supplementation.These principles offer valuable reference for the differentiation and treatment of apoplexy.

Xiang thinking is a cognitive approach that reflects the relationships between phenomena and their underlying principles by analyzing their external manifestations through methods such as analogy， reasoning， deduction， and symbolism. This article applied xiang thinking to analyze the etiology and pathogenesis of "wind， fire， phlegm， and blood stasis" in stroke， thereby exploring its impact on the principles of syndrome differentiation and treatment of this condition. Meanwhile， the article traced the construction process of xiang thinking， and interpreted the concept of "toxin pathogen" in traditional Chinese medicine from four perspectives， state， attribute， origin， and law. Furthermore， the relationship between the process of constructing xiang thinking and the origin of etiology， identification methods， pathogenesis evolution， and treatment strategies for stroke with syndrome of combined blood stasis and toxin was explored， so as to provide insights into research on the etiology and pathogenesis of stroke， as well as clinical diagnosis and treatment approaches.

[Objective]To explore the etiology,pathogenesis and treatment principles of multiple sclerosis(MS)based on the theory of collateral diseases in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).[Methods]By analyzing ancient and modern literature on TCM concepts such as"collateral diseases"and"atrophy syndromes",and integrating modern medical research on the biological mechanisms of MS treatment,this study summarizes the approach to diagnose and treat MS based on the theory of collateral diseases,supported by a case example.[Results]The collaterals are the units for the distribution of blood and Qi,which,through the coordination of meridian Qi flow and the balance of nutrient and defensive Qi,plays a role in distributing blood,Qi and body fluids,and nourishing the meridians and viscera.The physiological characteristics of the collaterals determine that they become sites for the invasion,concealment and development of pathogenic factors.Analysis based on the theory of collateral diseases suggests that damp-heat stagnation,essence deficiency and blood stasis in the collaterals are the underlying mechanisms for the complex clinical manifestations of MS.Treatment principles proposed include strengthening the spleen and promoting diuresis to clear dampness,harmonizing the liver and kidneys to nourish the collaterals,and promoting the circulation of Qi and blood to unblock the collaterals.The attached test case belonged to the impotence of liver and kidney deficiency,treated by supplementing the liver and kidney,warm and smooth meridians,and achieved better curative effect.[Conclusion]The theory of collateral diseases,as an important part of the meridian and collateral system in TCM,holds broad prospects in the treatment of neurological diseases.It can provide methods and ideas for the theoretical research and clinical treatment of MS with TCM.

[Objective]To explore the etiology,pathogenesis and treatment principles of multiple sclerosis(MS)based on the theory of collateral diseases in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).[Methods]By analyzing ancient and modern literature on TCM concepts such as"collateral diseases"and"atrophy syndromes",and integrating modern medical research on the biological mechanisms of MS treatment,this study summarizes the approach to diagnose and treat MS based on the theory of collateral diseases,supported by a case example.[Results]The collaterals are the units for the distribution of blood and Qi,which,through the coordination of meridian Qi flow and the balance of nutrient and defensive Qi,plays a role in distributing blood,Qi and body fluids,and nourishing the meridians and viscera.The physiological characteristics of the collaterals determine that they become sites for the invasion,concealment and development of pathogenic factors.Analysis based on the theory of collateral diseases suggests that damp-heat stagnation,essence deficiency and blood stasis in the collaterals are the underlying mechanisms for the complex clinical manifestations of MS.Treatment principles proposed include strengthening the spleen and promoting diuresis to clear dampness,harmonizing the liver and kidneys to nourish the collaterals,and promoting the circulation of Qi and blood to unblock the collaterals.The attached test case belonged to the impotence of liver and kidney deficiency,treated by supplementing the liver and kidney,warm and smooth meridians,and achieved better curative effect.[Conclusion]The theory of collateral diseases,as an important part of the meridian and collateral system in TCM,holds broad prospects in the treatment of neurological diseases.It can provide methods and ideas for the theoretical research and clinical treatment of MS with TCM.

Objective:To determine the content of the released nickel ion through the 7 extraction media to extract the Ni-Ti wires and to plot the curve of the released nickel ion so as to identify a leaching medium that can be substituted for blood for in vitro Ni release evaluation. Methods:The release of Ni through microwave digestion/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in the goat serum was determined. Because of the high content of Ni release, it could be determined by diluting the extraction medium, and other extraction media could be determined directly. Ni release standard curves were plotted by the release amount and different time point variables. Though the different extraction media Ni release curves confirm the specificity of extraction media instead of blood.Results:By analyzing the Ni release curves of seven leaching media, it was found that none of these seven extraction media was suitable for the evaluation of Ni release in in vitro leaching media. Considering the safety of the leaching medium and the simplicity of preparation, hydrochloric acid solution was chosen as the leaching medium, but the concentration needed to be diluted accordingly. Finally, a hydrochloric acid solution was created as an alternative to blood for the in vitro study of Ni release from Ni-Ti alloy cardiovascular products, with a volume fraction of 0.005%. Conclusions:The in vitro leaching medium that can replace blood was found to be hydrochloric acid for the time being, but its concentration was too high, resulting in too much Ni release as well, which deviated from the actual situation. Therefore, the hydrochloric acid solution was diluted step by step, and the Ni release curve was examined until it was close to the clinical release level, and the actual concentration was determined, thus laying a solid foundation for the subsequent evaluation of the safety and risk.

Narrative medicine,as an emerging discipline,has rapidly developed in the context of the current era of emphasis on medical humanities.The parallel chart is an essential tool for implementing humanistic practice in narrative medicine,while medical records and medical conversations are the carriers of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)academic viewpoints and humanistic thoughts.Although there are differences in the textual content between them,the concept of"people-oriented"in TCM aligns with the spirit of narrative medicine.Medical records teaching is an important link for cultivating TCM clinical thinking and medical humanistic thought.Therefore,examining TCM medical records and humanistic education from the perspective of narrative medicine,sorting out the connections and differences between TCM medical records and parallel charts,and emphasizing the educational and guiding value of narrative medicine in the modern TCM diagnosis and treatment process,are of great significance for establishing and promoting TCM-featured parallel charts,thereby guiding the education and teaching of TCM,and cultivating new-era TCM talents with empathy and reflective capabilities.