Objective: To explore the long term trend of forced vital capacity to weight index (FWI) among Chinese Han students aged 7-18 from 2000 to 2019, and to predict its changes over the next decade, so as to provide scientific evidences for targeted health interventions and school health policies. Methods: Based on the data of the five Chinese National Surveys on Students Constitution and Health conducted from 2000 to 2019, a total of 216 500, 233 565, 215 267, 214 256 and 212 632 Han students aged 7-18 were included, respectively. The long term trend of FWI among students was analyzed, and the GM (1,1) grey model was used to predict FWI changes over the next decade. Subgroup analyses were conducted by sex, age, and urban-rural residence. Results: The FWI levels of Chinese Han students aged 7-18 were (55.30±11.47)(47.43±11.92)(48.11±12.46)(48.75±12.81)(50.93±13.11)mL/kg in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2014, and 2019, respectively. The FWI of Chinese Han students showed a decreasing then increasing trend from 2000 to 2019, reaching the lowest point of approximately 47.03 mL/kg around 2006, and was projected to recover to 52.88 mL/kg by 2029. Boys had higher FWI for each year and the total level than girls from 2000 to 2019( t =72.58-304.66), and the decline between 2000 and 2005 was smaller in boys (13.1%) than in girls (15.4%). However, the gender gap gradually narrowed and was projected to reduce to 5.36 mL/kg by 2029. FWI increased with age, with the largest difference observed in 2014 between the 7-9 and 16-18 age groups (8.62 mL/kg). Before 2014, urban boys had slightly lower FWI than rural boys; the gap narrowed thereafter, and their FWI levels were expected to become similar by 2029. Urban girls generally had higher FWI than rural girls, and the urban-rural gap showed an increasing trend. By 2029, the largest difference was projected to occur in the 13-15 age group, reaching 7.74 mL/kg. Conclusions The FWI of Chinese Han students showed a trend of initial decline followed by a gradual increase from 2000 to 2019, with notable differences across sex, age, and urban-rural residence. Greater attention should be paid to the respiratory health of rural girls, and effective measures should be taken to reduce urban-rural disparities.

OBJECTIVE: To determine risk factors for cutout failure in geriatric intertrochanteric fracture patients after cephalomedullary nail fixation. METHODS: A retrospective review of 518 elderly patients who underwent cephalomedullary nail fixation for intertrochanteric fractures between January 2008 and August 2018 was conducted, including 167 males and 351 females, age from 65 to 97 years old. All patients were followed up for at least one year after surgery and divided into a healed group and a cutout group based on whether the hip screw cutout occurred. Among all patients, 10 cases experienced hip screw cutout. The general information, surgical data, and radiological data of the two groups were compared, and risk factors influencing hip screw cutout were analyzed. Propensity score matching was then performed on the cutout group based on gender, age, body mass index(BMI), and American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA), and 40 patients from the healed group were matched at a ratio of 1∶4. Key risk factors affecting hip screw cutout were further analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate associations between variables and cutout failure. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between the healed group and the cutout group in terms of age, gender, BMI, ASA, and AO classification. However, statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of reduction quality(P=0.003) and tip-apex distance(TAD), P<0.001. Multivariate analysis identified poor reduction quality OR=23.138, 95%CI(2.163, 247.551), P=0.009 and TAD≥25 mm OR=30.538, 95%CI(2.935, 317.770), P=0.004 as independent risk factors for cutout failure. CONCLUSION The present study identified poor reduction quality and TAD≥25 mm as factors for cutout failure in geriatric intertrochanteric fractures treated with cephalomedullary nails. Further studies are needed to calculate the optimal TAD for cephalomedullary nails.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Hip Fractures/surgery* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aged ; Risk Factors ; Retrospective Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/adverse effects* ; Bone Nails ; Bone Screws

Objective To propose a preventive maintenance strategy of the heating,ventilation and air-conditioning(HVAC)system in pharmacy intravenous admixture services(PIVAS)based on the reliability centered maintenance(RCM)method so as to provide references for PIVAS equipment maintenance.Methods Firstly,a HVAC system RCM review team was formed,and the failure modes and impacts of important functional components of the equipment were analyzed to clarify the consequences of the failure of each functional component under the premise of ensuring the safety and integrity of the equipment and with the goal of minimizing the loss of maintenance downtime and the consumption of maintenance resources.Secondly,with a standardized logical decision-making procedure the preventive maintenance strategy was determined and implemented based on the consequences of functional failure.Finally,statistical analyses were carried out on such equipment indicators as performance parameter qualification rate,failure rate and maintenance cost before and after the RCM method-based strategy was executed,in order to evaluate the efficacy of the strategy.Results The RCM method-based preventive maintenance strategy had the performance qualification rate increased from 97.47%to 99.06%(χ2=24.139,P<0.01),the failure rate decreased from 0.24%to 0.03%(χ2=13.519,P<0.01)and the maintenance cost reduced by 11.5%,from RMB 134,200 to 118,700.Conclusion The RCM method-based preventive maintenance strategy provides reliable equipment for PIVAS and lowers the maintenance cost effectively,and references are given for the development of automated and intelligent equipment maintenance strategies for PIVAS.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):78-83]

Objective:By analyzing the genetic risk of triglyceride-glucose index(Tyg)and insulin resistance(IR)for cardiovascular disease(CVD), to elucidate the extent to which the contribution of Tyg to the risk of CVD development is influenced by IR genetic risk.Methods:In this study, we selected data from a cohort of elderly people in the Kunshan community, screened 7, 385 individuals with both clinical and genomic data, and calculated the polygenic risk score of insulin resistance(IRPRS)for each participant based on publicly available IR genome-wide association data, and assessed the effect of genetic risk and Tyg level on the risk of developing CVD using a multivariate Cox proportional risk model.Calculating interactions to assess the effects of genetic risk and Tyg levels on the risk of developing CVD, the effects of Tyg tertile grouping and IRPRS on the risk of developing CVD were assessed using a multivariate Cox proportional risk model, and subgroup analyses were performed for gender to assess the effects of Tyg tertile grouping and IRPRS on the risk of developing CVD by gender.Results:In the univariate Cox model, Q3 and IRPRS with the highest TYG levels were significantly associated with the risk of CVD, respectively( HR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.33-1.89; P<0.001; HR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.18-2.20; P=0.003).After adjusting for multiple confounders, the Q3 Group with the highest TYG level was still significantly associated with the risk of CVD( HR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.05-1.57; P=0.014), the Association of TYG with the risk of CVD did not change significantly( HR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.05-1.57; P=0.014).We conducted a subgroup analysis by sex and found that among older men, 13, the highest levels of TYG and IRPRS were significantly associated with CVD risk, respectively( HR=1.70, 95% CI: 1.31.2.20; P<0.001; HR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.24-3.15; P=0.004).After adding IRPRS to the model, the Association of TYG with the risk of CVD remained unchanged( HR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.31-2.19; P<0.001).After adjusting for various confounders, Tyg remained significantly associated with the risk of CVD( HR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.04-1.88; P=0.028), the results showed that TYG remained significantly associated with the risk of CVD( HR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.05-1.90; P=0.023), and the association did not decrease.No Association of IRPRS with CVD risk was found in older women. Conclusions:IRPRS and TYG are the risk factors of CVD, and diet, exercise, drugs and other external factors on TYG are the main risk factors of CVD.For individuals with high genetic factors, the risk of CVD can still be reduced by lifestyle adjustments such as diet, exercise and drug intervention.

Objective To propose a preventive maintenance strategy of the heating,ventilation and air-conditioning(HVAC)system in pharmacy intravenous admixture services(PIVAS)based on the reliability centered maintenance(RCM)method so as to provide references for PIVAS equipment maintenance.Methods Firstly,a HVAC system RCM review team was formed,and the failure modes and impacts of important functional components of the equipment were analyzed to clarify the consequences of the failure of each functional component under the premise of ensuring the safety and integrity of the equipment and with the goal of minimizing the loss of maintenance downtime and the consumption of maintenance resources.Secondly,with a standardized logical decision-making procedure the preventive maintenance strategy was determined and implemented based on the consequences of functional failure.Finally,statistical analyses were carried out on such equipment indicators as performance parameter qualification rate,failure rate and maintenance cost before and after the RCM method-based strategy was executed,in order to evaluate the efficacy of the strategy.Results The RCM method-based preventive maintenance strategy had the performance qualification rate increased from 97.47%to 99.06%(χ2=24.139,P<0.01),the failure rate decreased from 0.24%to 0.03%(χ2=13.519,P<0.01)and the maintenance cost reduced by 11.5%,from RMB 134,200 to 118,700.Conclusion The RCM method-based preventive maintenance strategy provides reliable equipment for PIVAS and lowers the maintenance cost effectively,and references are given for the development of automated and intelligent equipment maintenance strategies for PIVAS.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):78-83]

Objective:By analyzing the genetic risk of triglyceride-glucose index(Tyg)and insulin resistance(IR)for cardiovascular disease(CVD), to elucidate the extent to which the contribution of Tyg to the risk of CVD development is influenced by IR genetic risk.Methods:In this study, we selected data from a cohort of elderly people in the Kunshan community, screened 7, 385 individuals with both clinical and genomic data, and calculated the polygenic risk score of insulin resistance(IRPRS)for each participant based on publicly available IR genome-wide association data, and assessed the effect of genetic risk and Tyg level on the risk of developing CVD using a multivariate Cox proportional risk model.Calculating interactions to assess the effects of genetic risk and Tyg levels on the risk of developing CVD, the effects of Tyg tertile grouping and IRPRS on the risk of developing CVD were assessed using a multivariate Cox proportional risk model, and subgroup analyses were performed for gender to assess the effects of Tyg tertile grouping and IRPRS on the risk of developing CVD by gender.Results:In the univariate Cox model, Q3 and IRPRS with the highest TYG levels were significantly associated with the risk of CVD, respectively( HR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.33-1.89; P<0.001; HR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.18-2.20; P=0.003).After adjusting for multiple confounders, the Q3 Group with the highest TYG level was still significantly associated with the risk of CVD( HR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.05-1.57; P=0.014), the Association of TYG with the risk of CVD did not change significantly( HR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.05-1.57; P=0.014).We conducted a subgroup analysis by sex and found that among older men, 13, the highest levels of TYG and IRPRS were significantly associated with CVD risk, respectively( HR=1.70, 95% CI: 1.31.2.20; P<0.001; HR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.24-3.15; P=0.004).After adding IRPRS to the model, the Association of TYG with the risk of CVD remained unchanged( HR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.31-2.19; P<0.001).After adjusting for various confounders, Tyg remained significantly associated with the risk of CVD( HR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.04-1.88; P=0.028), the results showed that TYG remained significantly associated with the risk of CVD( HR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.05-1.90; P=0.023), and the association did not decrease.No Association of IRPRS with CVD risk was found in older women. Conclusions:IRPRS and TYG are the risk factors of CVD, and diet, exercise, drugs and other external factors on TYG are the main risk factors of CVD.For individuals with high genetic factors, the risk of CVD can still be reduced by lifestyle adjustments such as diet, exercise and drug intervention.

Platelets have long been recognized as key players in hemostasis and thrombosis; however, there is growing evidence that they are also involved in cancer. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that platelets can promote tumorigenesis and metastasis through various crosstalks between platelets and cancer cells. Platelets play an active role in all stages of tumorigenesis, including tumor growth, tumor cell extravasation, and metastasis. In addition, thrombocytosis in cancer patients is associated with poor patient survival. Platelets are also well-placed to coordinate local and distant tumor-host interactions due to the a- bundance of microparticles and exosomes. Therefore, antitumor drugs targeting platelets have great development and application prospects. The following will review the research progress of anti-tumor drugs targeting platelets.

Objective To establish a real-time fluorescent recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)technology for the detection of the virulence gene exoS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and evaluate the specifici-ty,sensitivity and practicability of the method.Methods According to the specific conserved region of the vir-ulence gene exoS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,the specific primers and probes of RPA were designed,and the extracted target DNA was detected to determine the specificity and sensitivity of RPA.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR)was established to detect the target DNA,and the detection limits of different detec-tion methods for Pseudomonas aeruginosa were compared.The feasibility of RPA in detecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa was further confirmed by the performance verification test of clinical samples.Results The estab-lished RPA detection method had good specificity.Only Pseudomonas aeruginosa had specific amplification curve,but no specific amplification curve for other bacteria.The sensitivity of RPA was 5×102 cfu/mL,which was consistent with the detection limit of qPCR and the results were reliable.The detection time of RPA method was only 30 min,which was significantly lower than that of the traditional method.Conclusion The RPA method for the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa established in this study has high specificity and sensitivity,and significantly shortens the detection time compared with the traditional detection method.It can be used for the rapid detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in clinical specimens.

Objective To retrospectively investigate the efficacy of pelvic floor muscle training(PFMT)using APP-based home device in the real-world scenario.Methods A retrospective survey was conducted among 171 000 Chinese female users over 18 years old who freely registered APP and performed PFMT using a domestic manufactured home device from Oct 1,2019 to Mar 31,2021.The Patient Global Impression of Improvement(PGI-I)questionnaires concerning pelvic floor general condition,sexual satisfaction and other three major symptoms related to pelvic floor muscle laxity such as stress urinary incontinence(SUI),pelvic organ prolapse(POP),and vaginal laxity(VL)were broadcast public online for users to self-assess the improvement.The vaginal muscle strength values prior and post training recorded by APP were also reported.All data were collected anonymously for further stratified analysis.Results A total of 984 valid questionnaires were collected by systematic sampling.The PGI-I scores of pelvic floor general condition(P=0.000 1),sexual satisfaction(P=0.009),SUI(P=0.000 1),POP(P=0.044)and VL(P=0.034)were statistically significant in users who reported to use the device for 3 months or more compared with those less than 3 months.In addition,the increase of vaginal muscle strength was related to the improvement of PGI-I scores in SUI and POP with statistical significance.There were no significant difference in subgroups such as age,education,parity,and delivery mode.Conclusion The subjective benefit of pelvic floor function-related symptoms and the improvement of vaginal muscle strength could be observed after PFMT for three months or more using APP-based home device in Chinese women in the real-world scenario.

Objective:To explore the association between the variability of triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:This study was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 22 929 community-dwelling elderly (aged≥60 years) who received annual health check-ups in Kunshan city of Suzhou Municipality during 2014 to 2021 were enrolled in the study. Fasting triglycerides and blood glucose were measured during annual physical check-ups and the TyG was calculated, the standard deviation of TyG measurements in three consecutive physical check-ups was used as the indicatior of TyG long-term variability. According to the quartile of TyG long-term variability, the study subjects were divided into four groups, namely Q 1 (0-0.14), Q 2 (>0.14-0.22), Q 3 (>0.22-0.33), Q 4 (>0.33-1.90). The outcome variable was the occurrence of T2DM. The relationship between TyG variability and T2DM incidence was analyzed by multivariate Cox regression. Results:In the study cohort 11 518 (50.2%) were females and the mean age was (67.42±5.35) years. By the end of follow-up, 2 934 cases of new T2DM were diagnosed, with an oveall incidence rate of 12.8%. After adjusting for multiple confounders and average TyG, long-term variability of TyG was significantly associated with T2DM risk ( HR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.51-2.20). The risk of T2DM in Q 4 group was significantly higher than that in Q 1 group ( HR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.19-1.47). Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that long-term variability of TyG was significantly correlated with the cumulative risk of T2DM incidence ( P<0.001). Conclusions:TyG variability is an independent risk factor for T2DM, suggesting that attention should be paid not only to specific time-point TyG levels but also to TyG fluctuation for early identification of T2DM risk.