Objective: The Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease–Cognition (SCOPA-Cog) was developed to assess cognition in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the SCOPACog (K-SCOPA-Cog). Methods: We enrolled 129 PD patients with movement disorders from 31 clinics in South Korea. The original version of the SCOPA-Cog was translated into Korean using the translation-retranslation method. The test–retest method with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient were used to assess reliability. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Korean version (MOCA-K) and the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) were used to assess concurrent validity. Results: The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.797, and the ICC was 0.887. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation with the K-MMSE and MOCA-K scores (r = 0.546 and r = 0.683, respectively). Conclusion Our results demonstrate that the K-SCOPA-Cog has good reliability and validity.

Vascular wall-resident stem cells (VW-SCs) play a critical role in maintaining normal vascular function and regulating vascular repair. Understanding the basic functional characteristics of the VW-SCs will facilitate the study of their regulation and potential therapeutic applications. The aim of this study was to establish a stable method for the isolation, culture, and validation of the CD34⁺ VW-SCs from mice, and to provide abundant and reliable cell sources for further study of the mechanisms involved in proliferation, migration and differentiation of the VW-SCs under various physiological and pathological conditions. The vascular wall cells of mouse aortic adventitia and mesenteric artery were obtained by the method of tissue block attachment and purified by magnetic microbead sorting and flow cytometry to obtain the CD34⁺ VW-SCs. Cell immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the stem cell markers (CD34, Flk-1, c-kit, Sca-1), smooth muscle markers (SM22, SM MHC), endothelial marker (CD31), and intranuclear division proliferation-related protein (Ki-67). To verify the multipotency of the isolated CD34⁺ VW-SCs, endothelial differentiation medium EBM-2 and fibroblast differentiation medium FM-2 were used. After culture for 7 days and 3 days respectively, endothelial cell markers and fibroblast markers of the differentiated cells were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining and q-PCR. Furthermore, the intracellular Ca²⁺ release and extracellular Ca²⁺ entry signaling were evaluated by TILLvisION system in Fura-2/AM loaded cells. The results showed that: (1) High purity (more than 90%) CD34⁺ VW-SCs from aortic adventitia and mesenteric artery of mice were harvested by means of tissue block attachment method and magnetic microbead sorting; (2) CD34⁺ VW-SCs were able to differentiate into endothelial cells and fibroblasts in vitro; (3) Caffeine and ATP significantly activated intracellular Ca²⁺ release from endoplasmic reticulum of CD34⁺ VW-SCs. Store-operated Ca²⁺ entry (SOCE) was activated by using thapsigargin (TG) applied in Ca²⁺-free/Ca²⁺ reintroduction protocol. This study successfully established a stable and efficient method for isolation, culture and validation of the CD34⁺ VW-SCs from mice, which provides an ideal VW-SCs sources for the further study of cardiovascular diseases.
Mice ; Animals ; Endothelial Cells ; Cell Differentiation/physiology* ; Stem Cells ; Adventitia ; Fibroblasts ; Cells, Cultured ; Antigens, CD34/metabolism*

Objective: To select the preferred flaps for the reconstruction of different maxillary defects and to propose a new classification of maxillary defects. Methods: A total of 219 patients (136 males and 83 females) underwent the simultaneous reconstruction of maxillary defects in the Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, between January 2005 and December 2018 were reviewed. Age ranged from 16 to 78 years. Based on the proposed new classification of the maxillary defects, 22 patients with class Ⅰ defects (inferior maxillectomy), 44 patients with class Ⅱ defects (supperior maxillectomy), 132 patients with class Ⅲ defects (total maxillectomy) and 21 patients with class Ⅳ defects (extensive maxillectomy) were enrolled. Survival rate, functional and aesthetic outcomes of flaps were evaluated. Survival analysis was performed in 169 patients with malignant tumor, Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival rate, and Log-rank method was used to compare the difference of survival rate in each group. Results: A total of 234 repairs for maxillary defects were performed in 219 patients. Fibula flaps were used in 4/13 of class Ⅰ defects; temporal muscle flaps (11/24, 45.8%) and anterolateral thigh flaps (6/24, 25.0%) used in class Ⅱ defects; temporal muscle flaps (71/128, 55.5%), anterolateral thigh flaps (6/24, 25.0%) and fibula flaps (12/128, 9.4%) used in class Ⅲ defects; and anterolateral thigh flaps (8/20, 40.0%) and rectus abdominis flaps (8/20, 40.0%) used in class Ⅳ defects. The success rate of local pedicled flaps was 95.6% (109/114) and that of free flaps was 95.8% (115/120). Thrombosis(10/234,4.3%) was a main reason for repair failure. Among the followed-up 88 patients, swallowing and speech functions recovered, 82 (93.2%) of them were satisfied with appearance, and 75 (85.2%) were satisfied with visual field. The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 66.5% and 63.6%, and the 3-year and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 57.1% and 46.2%, respectively, in the 169 patients with malignant tumors. Conclusion: A new classification of maxillary defects is proposed, on which suitable flaps are selected to offer patients good functional and aesthetic outcomes and high quality of life.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Humans ; Male ; Maxilla/surgery* ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Young Adult

Objective:To discuss the strategies of distal embolic filter protection(DEFP) during excimer laser ablation (ELA) or percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy (PMT) in treatment of peripheral artery disease.Methods:Clinical data of 29 patients undergoing ELA or PMT under the DEFP from Oct 2019 to Aug 2021 were retrospectively collected to analyze the strategies of DEFP and high-risk factors of capturing clinically significant macrodebris.Results:There were 21 males and 8 females, aged (70.3±11.0) years with 32 lesions (29 limbs) including 5 in-stent restenosis (ISR), 10 thrombosis and 17 chronic total occlusion (CTO). The technical success rate of DEFP device release and recovery was 100%. The overall debris capture rate was 77.3% and the macrodebris capture rate was 36.4%. Even with DEFP the distal embolization (DE) incidence was 3.4%. When ELA for CTO with severe calcification or long-segment ISR lesions, the capture rate of macrodebris was as high as 60.0%, and the former was significantly higher than ELA for CTO without high calcification lesions ( P<0.05). Conclusion:ELA or PMT under the DEFP in treatment of peripheral artery disease appears to be of great significance in preventing DE.

BACKGROUND: Delivery room resuscitation assists preterm infants, especially extremely preterm infants (EPI) and extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI), in breathing support, while it potentially exerts a negative impact on the lungs and outcomes of preterm infants. This study aimed to assess delivery room resuscitation and discharge outcomes of EPI and ELBWI in China. METHODS: The clinical data of EPI (gestational age [GA] <28 weeks) and ELBWI (birth weight [BW] <1000 g), admitted within 72 h of birth in 33 neonatal intensive care units from five provinces and cities in North China between 2017 and 2018, were analyzed. The primary outcomes were delivery room resuscitation and risk factors for delivery room intubation (DRI). The secondary outcomes were survival rates, incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and risk factors for BPD. RESULTS: A cohort of 952 preterm infants were enrolled. The incidence of DRI, chest compressions, and administration of epinephrine was 55.9% (532/952), 12.5% (119/952), and 7.0% (67/952), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the risk factors for DRI were GA <28 weeks (odds ratio [OR], 3.147; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.082-4.755), BW <1000 g (OR, 2.240; 95% CI, 1.606-3.125), and antepartum infection (OR, 1.429; 95% CI, 1.044-1.956). The survival rate was 65.9% (627/952) and was dependent on GA. The rate of BPD was 29.3% (181/627). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for BPD were male (OR, 1.603; 95% CI, 1.061-2.424), DRI (OR, 2.094; 95% CI, 1.328-3.303), respiratory distress syndrome exposed to ≥2 doses of pulmonary surfactants (PS; OR, 2.700; 95% CI, 1.679-4.343), and mechanical ventilation ≥7 days (OR, 4.358; 95% CI, 2.777-6.837). However, a larger BW (OR, 0.998; 95% CI, 0.996-0.999), antenatal steroid (OR, 0.577; 95% CI, 0.379-0.880), and PS use in the delivery room (OR, 0.273; 95% CI, 0.160-0.467) were preventive factors for BPD (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Improving delivery room resuscitation and management of respiratory complications are imperative during early management of the health of EPI and ELBWI.
Birth Weight ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ; China/epidemiology* ; Delivery Rooms ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Extremely Premature ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pregnancy

Objective:To evaluate the effect of Rotarex in peripheral arterial disease (PAD).Methods:The clinical data of 90 PAD patients treated with Rotarex from Aug 2018 to Feb 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Among the 90 patients, 45 patients had atherosclerotic obliterans complicated with acute thrombosis (ASOCAT), 27 patients had graft restenosis or reocclusion, 16 patients had primary or embolism-induced thrombosis, 2 patients had traumatic or iatrogenic arterial occlusion. Except for 2 patients undergoing hybrid surgery, 88 patients underwent endovascular treatment. Two patients died perioperatively. Within 12 months follow-up, 2 patients died, 4 patients underwent major amputation, target arteries of 10 patients were re-stenosed or re-occluded and 5 patients were lost to follow-up. Compared with the preoperative ankle-branchial index (ABI), significant increase was observed in the 12-month ABI (0.80±0.22 vs. 0.43±0.16, P<0.01). The 12-month restenosis/re-occlusion-free rate was 82.7%, and the 12-month major amputation-free survival (MAFS) was 91.6%. Conclusion:For PAD patients, acceptable outcomes can be achieved with reasonable use of Rotarex for debulking, combined with balloon, stent and other techniques to correct the residual lesions.

Objective:To explore the debulking strategy of lower extremity artery lesions.Methods:Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 101 patients underwent debulking therapy at Department of Vascular Surgery,Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University from June 2019 to June 2020.There were 74 males and 27 females,aged (73.2±11.7)years (range:35 to 93 years).There were 31 cases in Rutherford class 3,39 cases in class 4 and 31 cases in class 5. Hypertension occurred in 72 patients. One hundred and forty lesions were treated in 101 patients. Among them, there were 13 lesions(9.3%) in iliac artery,72 lesions(51.4%) in superficial femoral artery,41 (29.3%) lesions in popliteal artery,10 lesions(7.1%) in tibiofibular trunk,and 4 lesions(2.9%) in below the knee artery.Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy (PMT) was mainly used in acute thrombosis,excimer laser ablation (ELA) was mainly used for chronic in-stent restenosis and chronic stenosis or totally occlusive lesions,while directional atherectomy (DA) was mainly used for short calcified lesions.Results:All of the patients underwent debulking therapy. Eighty-two lesions(58.6%,82/140) were treated by PMT, 56 (40.0%,56/140) were treated by ELA,and 2 (1.4%,2/140) were treated by DA.The ankle-brachial index of the patient was 0.44±0.19 before surgery, 0.87±0.17 immediately after surgery ( t=-16.26, P<0.01), and 0.81±0.20 at 6 months after surgery( t=-14.67, P<0.01),and 0.79±0.15 ( t=-14.12, P<0.01) at 12 months after surgery. At 12 months,the primary patency was 86.1% (87/101),mortality was 5.0% (5/101), freedom from major-amputation survival rate was 93.1% (94/101),and target lesion reintervention rate was 9.9% (10/101). Conclusions:Debulking is feasible and effective to eliminate the arterial contents and maximize the acquisition of lumen.Selection of suitable debulking methods for different segments and lesions would be helpful to improve the technical success and obtain satisfactory results.

Objective:To explore the debulking strategy of lower extremity artery lesions.Methods:Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 101 patients underwent debulking therapy at Department of Vascular Surgery,Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University from June 2019 to June 2020.There were 74 males and 27 females,aged (73.2±11.7)years (range:35 to 93 years).There were 31 cases in Rutherford class 3,39 cases in class 4 and 31 cases in class 5. Hypertension occurred in 72 patients. One hundred and forty lesions were treated in 101 patients. Among them, there were 13 lesions(9.3%) in iliac artery,72 lesions(51.4%) in superficial femoral artery,41 (29.3%) lesions in popliteal artery,10 lesions(7.1%) in tibiofibular trunk,and 4 lesions(2.9%) in below the knee artery.Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy (PMT) was mainly used in acute thrombosis,excimer laser ablation (ELA) was mainly used for chronic in-stent restenosis and chronic stenosis or totally occlusive lesions,while directional atherectomy (DA) was mainly used for short calcified lesions.Results:All of the patients underwent debulking therapy. Eighty-two lesions(58.6%,82/140) were treated by PMT, 56 (40.0%,56/140) were treated by ELA,and 2 (1.4%,2/140) were treated by DA.The ankle-brachial index of the patient was 0.44±0.19 before surgery, 0.87±0.17 immediately after surgery ( t=-16.26, P<0.01), and 0.81±0.20 at 6 months after surgery( t=-14.67, P<0.01),and 0.79±0.15 ( t=-14.12, P<0.01) at 12 months after surgery. At 12 months,the primary patency was 86.1% (87/101),mortality was 5.0% (5/101), freedom from major-amputation survival rate was 93.1% (94/101),and target lesion reintervention rate was 9.9% (10/101). Conclusions:Debulking is feasible and effective to eliminate the arterial contents and maximize the acquisition of lumen.Selection of suitable debulking methods for different segments and lesions would be helpful to improve the technical success and obtain satisfactory results.

L_9(3~4) orthogonal experiment design was used to optimize the preparation of the patches,and investigate its affecting factors and skin irritation. Eugenol was taken as the index component to study the release behavior in vitro and percutaneous penetration of Cangai oil transfersomes patches by HPLC.The results showed that the optimal prescription for preparing Cangai oil transfersomes patches were Eudragit E100 0.6 g, succinic acid 0.08 g,triethyl citrate 0.25 g,glycerol 0.2 g.Patches prepared by the preferred preparation had a flat appearance without obvious bubbles.The initial adhesion was 18.33±2.52, the stickiness was(30.01±2.45) min,and the peel strength was(5.62±0.95) kN·m~(-1).The results of affecting factors experiment showed the order of factors affecting its adhesion was humidity>temperature>lighting,and the skin irritation test results showed no significant skin irritation after 24 h of single administration. The results of drug release behavior in vitro showed that the release and the percutaneous penetration of both Cangai oil patches and Cangai oil transfersomes patches conformed to the Higuchi equation.The release amount of eugenol were 80.66% and 82.25% at 72 h, with no significant difference. The cumulative permeation area of eugenol per unit area reached(0.195 6±0.065 9),(0.131 0±0.045 5) mg·cm~(-2) at 72 h, with significant differences(P<0.05).The experiment results proved that the preparation process of Cangai oil transfersomes patches was stable,and the prepared patches had a good adhesion. At the same time,the preparation of transfersomes patches could alleviate and control the release of the drug to a certain extent, and provide a certain experimental basis for clinical pediatric drug safety.
Administration, Cutaneous ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Liberation ; Humans ; Plant Oils/pharmacology* ; Polymethacrylic Acids ; Skin/drug effects* ; Skin Absorption ; Transdermal Patch

Background: and PurposeImpulse-control disorder is an important nonmotor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) that can lead to financial and social problems, and be related to a poor quality of life. A nationwide multicenter prospective study was performed with the aim of validating the Korean Version of the Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (K-QUIP-RS). Methods: The K-QUIP-RS was constructed using forward and backward translation, and pretesting of the prefinal version. PD patients on stable medical condition were recruited from 27 movement-disorder clinics. Participants were assessed using the K-QUIP-RS and evaluated for parkinsonian motor and nonmotor statuses and for PD-related quality of life using a predefined evaluation battery. The test–retest reliability of the K-QUIP-RS was assessed over an interval of 10–14 days, and correlations between the KQUIP-RS and other clinical scales were analyzed. Results: This study enrolled 136 patients. The internal consistency of the K-QUIP-RS was indicated by a Cronbach's α coefficient of 0.846, as was the test–retest reliability by a Guttman split-half coefficient of 0.808. The total K-QUIP-RS score was positively correlated with the scores for depression and motivation items on the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale, and Rapid-Eye-Movement Sleep-Behavior-Disorders Questionnaire. The total K-QUIP-RS score was also correlated with the scores on part II of the UPDRS and the PD Quality of Life-39 questionnaire, and the dopaminergic medication dose. Conclusions The K-QUIP-RS appears to be a reliable assessment tool for impulse-control and related behavioral disturbances in the Korean PD population.