OBJECTIVETo perform a pharmacoeconomic evaluation of the efficacies of therapeutic schemes involving four hepatoprotective drugs for the treatment of drug-induced liver injury (DILI).

METHODSThe principle of decision tree analysis in pharmacoeconomics was applied to perform a retrospective analysis using a meta-analyses approach to evaluate the data from randomized controlled trials of four common therapeutic schemes.The key parameters for evaluating efficacy and safety of each were identified by searching the official data, relevant literature and expert opinions, and included the parameters of consumption and unit cost with respect to a variety of health resources.

RESULTSThe hepatoprotective drug showing the greatest efficacy (4.5118) and safety for treating DILI was bicyclol; this drug also had a lower incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER; 245.0118) than the other three therapeutic schemes.The tioproninenteric-coated tablet had the lowest cost (296.9536) among the four, but also had the worst efficacy (4.1352). Bicyclol had the lowest cost/benefit ratio (5.32) and ICER (4.93) among all the therapeutic schemes evaluated.Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these results.

CONCLUSIONAccording to this pharmacoeconomic evaluation, the bicyclol therapeutic strategy is the most cost-effective choice for DILI.

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; drug therapy ; economics ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Cytoprotection ; Economics, Pharmaceutical ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of preserving external jugular vein and cervical plexus in reducing intra-cranial pressure, face swelling as well as in avoiding shoulder arm syndrome in neck dissection.

METHODS20 patients with oral cancer were divided into two groups. The facial interstitial pressure was examined before and after neck dissection and lymph tubes were stained by immunochemical techniques.

RESULTSThe degree and lasting time of the increase of facial interstitial pressure in group with external jugular vein and cervical plexus preserved was lower than that in control group. The density of lymphatic tubes around the internal jugular vein, accessory nerve and sternocleidomastoid muscles was much higher than that around the external jugular vein and cervical plexus.

CONCLUSIONPreserving external jugular and cervical plexus during radical treatment is effective not only in reducing the intra-cranial pressure and face swelling, but also in preventing shoulder arm syndrome.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; surgery ; Cervical Plexus ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Jugular Veins ; surgery ; Lymph Node Excision ; methods ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this article is to discuss the reconstruction of facial muscle defects with tissue engineered myoblast in SD rats.

METHODSUsing purified, subcultured myoblast of neonatal rats and type I collagen gels as extracellular matrix (ECM) and scaffold, tissue engineered muscle was transplanted in the face of syngeneic nutured rats.

RESULTSTissue engineered myoblast generated and differentiated in vitro were observed with microscope. Myoblast fused each other and formed myofibers in the face of rats, nerve fibers and vessels regeneration could also be found in some samples. Postoperative electromiographs showed the myofibers were active when stimulating the nerve trunk that innervates the engineered facial muscle.

CONCLUSIONTissue engineered method is hopeful to be used as a new technique to reconstruct defects of facial muscle.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen Type I ; pharmacology ; Facial Muscles ; injuries ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Gels ; Male ; Myoblasts ; cytology ; transplantation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Tissue Engineering