Cuproptosis, a recently discovered form of regulated cell death involving copper ion metabolism, has emerged as a promising approach for tumor therapy. This pathway not only directly eliminates tumor cells but also promotes immunogenic cell death (ICD), reshaping the tumor microenvironment (TME) and initiating robust anti-tumor immune responses. However, translating cuproptosis-based therapies into clinical applications is hindered by challenges, including complex metabolic regulation, TME heterogeneity, and the precision required for effective drug delivery. To address these limitations, nanoparticles offer transformative solutions by providing precise delivery of cuproptosis-inducing agents, controlled drug release, and enhanced therapeutic efficacy through simultaneous modulation of metabolic pathways and immune responses. This review systematically discusses recent advancements in nanoparticle-based cuproptosis delivery systems, highlighting nanoparticle design principles and their synergistic effects when integrated with other therapeutic modalities such as ICB, PTT, and CDT. Furthermore, we explore the potential of cuproptosis-based nanomedicine for personalized cancer treatment by emphasizing strategies for TME stratification and therapeutic optimization tailored to patient profiles. By integrating current insights from metabolic reprogramming, tumor immunotherapy, and nanotechnology, this review aims to facilitate the clinical translation of cuproptosis nanomedicine and significantly contribute to the advancement of precision oncology.

Objective To investigate the expression of discoidin CUB and LCCL domain containing 2(DCBLD2)and mitogen activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 3(MAP4K3)in thyroid cancer and their relationship with clinico-pathological features and prognosis.Methods A total of 92 patients with thyroid cancer diagnosed and treated in Xinghua People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University from January 2016 to June 2020 were selected.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)was used to detect the expression of DCBLD2 and MAP4K3 in thyroid cancer tissues and adjacent tissues.The expression differences of DCBLD2 and MAP4K3 in thyroid cancer patients with different clinicopathological features were compared.Kaplan-Meier curve analysis was used to analyze differences in the progression-free survival prognosis of patients with different DCBLD2 and MAP4K3 expressions.Multivariate COX analysis was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the progression-free survival prognosis of thyroid cancer.Results The positive rates of DCBLD2(67.39%)and MAP4K3(65.22%)in thyroid cancer tissues were higher than those in adjacent tissues(5.43%,6.52%),and the differences were statistically significant(χ2=76.262,68.894,all P<0.05).The expression of DCBLD2 was positively correlated with MAP4K3(r=0.742,P<0.001).The positive rates of DCBLD2 and MAP4K3 in stage Ⅲ～Ⅳ(87.18%,84.62%)and lymph node metastatic cancer tissues(93.75%,90.63%)were higher than those in stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ(52.83%,50.94%)and non lymph node metastatic cancer tissues(53.33%,51.67%),with statistically significant differences(χ2=11.230～15.513,all P<0.05).The 3-year progression-free survival rates of DCBLD2-positive and DCBLD2-negative patients were 74.19%(46/62)and 93.33%(28/30),respectively.The 3-year progression-free survival rates of MAP4K3 positive and negative patients were 75.00%(45/60)and 90.63%(29/32),respectively.The 3-year cumulative progression-free survival rate of DCBLD2 positive group and MAP4K3 positive group was lower than that of DCBLD2 negative group and MAP4K3 negative group,and the differences were statistically significant(χ2=4.533,4.138,P=0.033,0.046).DCBLD2 positive(OR=1.659,P=0.001),MAP4K3 positive(OR=1.606,P=0.001),tumor TNM stage Ⅲ～Ⅳ(OR=1.766,P=0.001)and combined lymph node metastasis(OR=1.868,P=0.001)were independent risk factors for the progression-free survival prognosis of thyroid cancer patients.Conclusion The expressions of DCBLD2 and MAP4K3 were increased in thyroid cancer tissue.They are involved in the occurrence and development of thyroid cancer,which may help evaluate the progression-free survival prognosis of thyroid cancer patients.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy between radiofrequency ablation(RFA)and pulmonary metastasectomy in the colorectal cancer(CRC)patients with lung metastases after radical resection. Methods:The clinical data of 80 CRC patients with lung metastases after radical resection were analyzed retrospectively,and were divided into the surgery group(33 cases)and the RFA group(47 cases)according to the local treatment.The overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS)of the two groups were compared,as well as the prognostic factors of patients were analyzed. Results:The 3-year PFS and OS rates were 42.4％vs 31.9％and 75.8％vs 72.3％in the surgery group and the RFA group,respectively.There was no significant difference in PFS and OS between the two groups(P＞0.05).In multivariate analysis,maximum lung metastasis diameter,preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)level and history of extrapulmonary metastasis were independent factors influencing OS in the CRC patients with lung metastases after radical resection(P＜0.05).In addition,preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)level and history of extrapulmonary metastasis were also independent factors influencing PFS in the CRC patients with lung metastases after radical resection(P＜0.05). Conclusion:The short-term efficacy of RFA is comparable to that of pulmonary metastasectomy in the CRC patients with lung metastases after radical resection,and long-term follow-up studies are needed.

Alzheimer’s disease （AD）is a common latent neurodegenerative disease ，which is characterized by cognitive impairment，loss of learning and memory function ，abnormal behavior and dementia. At present ，there is no specific drug to effectively prevent or reverse AD. Gardenia jasminoides is the dried and mature fruit of G. jasminoides J. Ellis ，a gardenia plant in Rubiaceae. Its chemical components mainly include iridoids ，triterpenoids，organic acids and volatile oils ，among which iridoids are the main active components of G. jasminoides . This paper summarizes the researches on the mechanism of iridoids from G. jasminoides against AD at home and abroad in recent years ，in order to provide reference for the development of new drugs against AD.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab combined with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in the treatment of advanced oligometastaticnon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods:Eighty-six patients with advanced oligometastatic NSCLC who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria from March 2020 to August 2021 in the Second People′s Hospital of Yibin were divided into the control group (43 cases) and the treatment group (43 cases) according to the random number table method, the control group was given camrelizumab combined with conventional radiotherapy, and the treatment group was given camrelizumab combined with SBRT. After 8 weeks of treatment, the efficacy of the two groups was evaluated, the occurrence of side effects in the two groups was counted, the serum tumor markers [carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag), cytokeratin 19 fragment anti-21-1 (CYFRA21-1)] levels were detected.Results:The objective effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group:: 72.09% (31/43) vs. 51.16%(22/43), the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05); the incidence of radiation pneumonia in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group: 4.65% (2/43) vs. 18.60% (8/43), the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the incidences of other side effects such as cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation (CCEP), liver damage, hypothyroidism, and radiation esophagitisbetween the treatment group and the control group ( P>0.05); the levels of serum CEA, SCC-Ag, CYFRA21-1after treatmentin the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, treatment group: treatmentgroup: (8.81 ± 4.82) ng/L vs. (81.67 ± 50.88) ng/L, (1.13 ± 0.55) ng/L vs. (1.56 ± 1.03) ng/L and (2.92 ± 0.99) ng/L vs. (4.63 ± 1.39) ng/L, controlgroup: (30.49 ± 19.44) ng/L vs. (89.91 ± 50.10) ng/L, (1.56 ± 1.23) ng/L vs. (1.86 ± 1.33) ng/L and (4.01 ± 2.10) ng/L vs. (5.03 ± 3.44) ng/L. and the levels after treatment in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Camrelizumab combined with SBRT treatment for patients with advanced oligometastatic NSCLC can effectively reduce the levels of serum CEA, SCC-Ag, CYFRA21-1, and significantly improve the short-term efficacy, with relatively low incidence of toxic side effects.

A retrospective analysis was made on the effectiveness of with laparoscopy model in hepatoma surgery teaching for general practice residency training. One hundred and forty general practice residents undertook rotation in Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January to December 2020. Seventy residents received multi-disciplinary team (MDT) with laparoscopy mode in hematoma surgery teaching (study group) and another 70 residents received conventional teaching mode (control group). After completing the study, the teaching effectiveness was compared between two groups. The questionnaire survey showed that the satisfaction score in study group was higher than that in control group (21.10±0.31 vs.17.48±0.35, P<0.05). The scores of clinical skill, graduation examination and case analysis in study group were all higher than those in control group(91.80±4.82 vs. 85.20±4.34, 87.5±4.1 vs. 85.1±3.6, 77.25±3.38 vs. 73.65±3.06, all P<0.05). The study indicates that laparoscopic combined with MDT teaching model can significantly improve the effectiveness of hepatoma surgery study for general practice residents, and is worthy of popularization and application in general surgery teaching.

Objective? To explore the effects of early removal of urinary catheter on postoperative rehabilitation among patients with gynecological laparoscopy surgery. Methods? From January 2017 to June 2018, we selected 600 patients with gynecological laparoscopy surgery at Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Zhejiang Province. All of the patients were divided into group of early stage (removal of urinary catheter four hours after surgery) and group of late stage (removal of urinary catheter eight hours after surgery) with the method of random number table, 300 cases in each group. We observed the incidence of urinary tract infection and rehabilitation of patients between two groups. Results? The incidences of urinary tract infection of group of early stage and group of late stage were 2.67% and 9.33% respectively with a statistical difference (χ2=11.820,P＜0.01). The hospital stay and time of get out of bed and anus exhaust of group of early stage were shorter than those of group of with statistical differences (P＜ 0.01). Conclusions? Early removal of urinary catheter helps to reduce the incidence of urinary tract infection among patients after gynecological laparoscopy surgery and promote recovery after surgery.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy with semirigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy in semisupine-lithotomy position for treatment of encrusted ureteral stents . Methods Patients were placed in semisupine-lithotomy position .The bladder stones and ureteral encrusted stones were treated with ureteroscopy , and then percutaneous holmium laser nephrolithotomy was used to break and wash out the renal pelvis stones and renal new stones . Results The stone fragmentation and stent removal were completed in one session in all 5 cases without conversion to open surgery .The mean operative time was 65 min (range, 40-130 min).No massive hemorrhage, ureteral avulsion, or ureteral perforration occurred during the operation .Two cases had postoperative fever without sepsis .No patients had ureteral stricture or recurrent calculus within follow-ups for 3 -6 months. Conclusion Percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with semirigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy in semisupine-lithotomy position for treatment of encrusted ureteral stents is safe and effective , being worthy of clinical promotion .

The distinctive LT siRNAs were designed according to the LT sequence .During the process of cultivation ,siRNA targeting the LT gene ,non‐specific control siRNA ,negative control siRNA and culture medium were added into siRNA group (siRNA‐LT1 group , siRNA‐LT2 group) ,siRNA‐coa3 group ,siRNA‐NC group and blank control group ,respectively ,and three times in each group (1 nmol each time) .After siRNA added at the first time ,bacteria was collected in 45 min (A) ,90 min (B) and 135 min (C) time points .The expression of mRNA in three time points (A ,B and C) were detected by real‐time fluorescence quantitative PCR .The protein level of LT in siRNA‐LT1 group ,siRNA‐LT2 group and blank control group were detected by Western blot in three time points .Results The results of real‐time fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that inhibition of siRNA‐LT1 on the expression of LT mRNA at the three time points(A ,B and C)were 70 .9% ,70 .1% ,72 .5% respectively ,and inhibition of siRNA‐LT2 on the ex‐pression of LT mRNA at the three time points(A ,B and C)were 70 .1% ,69 .2% and 70 .5% respectively .In the three time points (A ,B and C)the inhibition rate of the expression of LT mRNA in siRNA‐LT1 group and siRNA‐LT2 group were statistically lower than that in the siRNA‐NC group ,siRNA‐coa3 group and blank control group (P<0 .05) .The results of Western blot showed that in siRNA‐LT1 group the inhibitory rate of expression of LT protein in the three time points were 43 .1% ,18 .4% and 5 .0% ,re‐spectively ;in the siRNA‐LT2 group were 38 .2% ,15 .4% and 30 .1% ,respectively .Conclusion The specific siRNA could inhibit the expression of LT gene in vitro .

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of iFlow in the auxiliary diagnosis of cerebral vascular diseases.Methods Totally 65 patients with cerebral vascular diseases underwent whole brain 2D DSA.Then the data were converted to color coded images with iFlow.The vascular anatomy,the shape and size of lesions,the blood dynamics on 2D DSA and iFlow images were evaluated by junior and senior physicians,who then reported whether iFlow images had supplementary diagnosis value.ResultsiFlow images displayed whole information of lesions more clearly than those of 2D DSA in brain vascular dynamic sequence,including vascular anatomy,hemodynamic changes and tissues perfusions.The evaluation of 2D DSA and iFlow images with junior and senior physicians had statistical difference (x2 =6.032,P=0.014).ConclusionCompared to single DSA,iFlow can facilitate the diagnosis and evaluation of cerebral vascular diseases,especially for junior physicians.