Background With China's socio-economic development, the dietary structure of Chinese residents has gradually shifted from a traditional Eastern pattern characterized by high carbohydrate intake to a relatively high-fat Western dietary model, alongside a growing burden of chronic diseases. However, dietary changes may vary across different occupational groups. Objective To analyze the long-term trends in dietary energy and three major macronutrient intake among various occupational groups aged 18-59 years in nine provinces of China from 1989 to 2018, providing a scientific basis for developing occupation-specific dietary intervention strategies. Methods Based on 11 waves of data (1989–2018) from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), 57458 employed individuals aged 18-59 years were selected as observation subjects after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze temporal trends by calculating the annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals. The analysis covered the energy supply ratio from the three major macronutrients and the proportion of the participants within the acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDR) for the total occupational population and specific occupational group. Results From 1989 to 2018, the dietary structure of the occupational population in the nine provinces gradually Westernized. The carbohydrate energy supply ratio showed a decreasing trend (AAPC=−0.77%, 95%CI: −1.00%, −0.55%, P<0.05), while the fat energy supply ratio increased (AAPC=1.42%, 95%CI: 1.07%, 1.77%, P<0.05). The protein energy supply ratio remained largely unchanged (AAPC=−0.19%, 95%CI: −0.08%, 0.46%, P>0.05), and the total energy intake declined (AAPC=−0.62%, 95%CI: −0.94%, −0.30%, P<0.05). Among the occupational groups studied, white-collar workers were the first to show characteristics of dietary Westernization. Using the AMDR as the criterion, their average fat energy supply ratio first exceeded the AMDR upper limit (30%) in 1993, and their average carbohydrate energy supply ratio first fell below the AMDR lower limit (50%) in 2006, both time points being earlier than other occupational groups. Agricultural workers lagged in this transition (their average fat energy supply ratio first reached ≥30% in 2011), but their rate of increase in the fat energy supply ratio was the fastest among all occupational groups (AAPC=1.59%, 95%CI: 0.90%, 2.30%, P<0.05; P for trend comparison between groups<0.05). The other three occupational groups (blue-collar workers, service workers, and others) generally fell between these two extremes. Taking the fat energy supply ratio as an example, their AAPCs of increase were 1.02% (95%CI: 0.73%, 1.32%, P<0.05) for blue-collar workers, 0.85% (95%CI: 0.61%, 1.09%, P<0.05) for service workers, and 0.88% (95%CI: 0.58%, 1.17%, P<0.05) for others. Conclusion From 1989 to 2018, the macronutrient structure of the occupational population aged 18-59 years in nine China provinces is gradually Westernized. The energy supply ratios of carbohydrates and proteins primarily face issues of potential inadequacy, while the fat energy supply ratio is excessively high. Furthermore, the patterns of change vary among different occupational groups. It is recommended to propose personalized dietary advice tailored to specific occupations.

Climate change has evolved from an environmental issue into a global public health crisis, posing severe challenges to healthcare systems. Issues such as shifts in patient disease patterns, increased care demands for vulnerable populations, and insufficient resilience in nursing systems are becoming increasingly prominent. As the frontline of healthcare delivery, nursing practice directly confronts multiple health risks triggered by climate change. Under the Healthy China 2030 strategy, the role of nursing in addressing climate change cannot be overlooked. Therefore, this paper systematically reviewed the impacts of climate change on nursing practice and corresponding domestic and international strategies, and proposed recommendations for localized development pathways. First, strengthen climate health literacy in nursing education by integrating the climate change system into curricula and clinical practice. Second, promote nursing policy participation in global health governance to establish a climate-adaptive nursing policy system with Chinese characteristics. Finally, establish a multidisciplinary nursing research framework to foster integration among nursing science, climate science, public health, traditional Chinese medicine, and other relevant fields. This paper aims to provide theoretical foundations for constructing a climate-adaptive nursing system with Chinese characteristics, thereby advancing the coordinated development of Healthy China initiative and climate governance.

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of Sechang Zhixie Powder(SCZXS)on mice with acute diarrhea caused by castor oil.Methods The mice were randomly divided into blank control group,model control group,montmorillonite powder group(1.4 g·kg-1),SCZXS-L group(0.9 g·kg-1),SCZXS-M group(1.8 g·kg-1)and SCZXS-H group(3.6 g·kg-1),10 mice in each group.After continuous administration of 7 days,the acute diarrhea model of mice was prepared by oral administration of castor oil(0.01 mL·g-1).The diarrhea of mice was observed within 4 hours of castor oil administration,and the rate of loose stool,degree of loose stool,and diarrhea index were calculated;the levels of DAO,D-LDH,VIP,and SS in the colon were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;The morphological changes in the colon tissue of mice were observed after HE staining and the thicknesses of the mucosal and muscular layers of the colon were quantified;AB-PAS staining was performed to observe the effect on mucin in the colon;and the expression of AQP3,Occludin,and ZO-1 in the colon were quantified by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the model control group,the rate of loose stool,degree of loose stool,and diarrhea index of the mice in the SCZXS groups tended to decrease,but the difference was not statistically significant.Compared with the model control group,the flat luminal surface of the mice in the SCZXS-M and SCZXS-H group were significantly thickened(P<0.01),and the amount of VIP in the colon was significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),and that of DAO in the colon was significantly decreased(P<0.01),Occludin and ZO-1 expression were significantly increased(P<0.01),the mucin area ratio was significantly increased(P<0.05)in the SCZXS-M group,and AQP3 expression was significantly increased(P<0.05)in the SCZXS groups.Conclusions SCZXS can improve acute diarrhea induced by castor oil in mice.and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of gastrointestinal hormones and AQP3.In addition,SCZXS improves intestinal damage caused by diarrhea and protects the intestinal barrier.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)plays a crucial role in cellular self-protection.In response to environmental changes,cells activate the unfolded protein response(UPR)and endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation pathways to restore homeostasis.Increasing experimental evidence indicates that hypoxia and inflammation negatively impact synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis(RA),leading to the activation of three key endoplasmic reticulum transmembrane proteins:inositol-requiring enzyme 1,protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase,and activating transcription factor 6.These proteins mediate UPR pathways that are implicated in the pathological progression of RA.Targeting ERS-related molecules has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for RA.This article reviews the impact of ERS on the pathogenesis of RA and discusses drugs that modulate ERS as potential treatments for the disease.

Objective:To investigate the role of reactive astrocytes expressing aromatase(ARO)in the penumbra during ischemic stroke.Methods:A mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO/R)was prepared using the suture method.Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to observe the expression of ARO in the penumbra after ischemia reperfusion.We generated a glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter-driven aromatase knock-out(GFAP-ARO-KO)mouse model in vivo.Neurologic impairment scores,rotarod test,grip strength test and adhesive removal test on the plantar surface of the paw were performed after MCAO/R modeling.Results:In wild type mice,the expression of ARO was significantly increased in astrocytes in the penumbra after MCAO/R(P<0.01).Compared to the control group,the expression of ARO in the GFAP-ARO-KO group was significantly reduced in astrocytes in the penumbra after MCAO/R.And loss of ARO increased cerebral infarction volume and aggravated sensorimotor impair-ment.Conclusion:After ischemic stroke,reactive astrocytes in the penumbra highly express ARO and play a protective role in post-ischemia reperfusion injury.

Objective:To investigate the role of reactive astrocytes expressing aromatase(ARO)in the penumbra during ischemic stroke.Methods:A mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO/R)was prepared using the suture method.Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to observe the expression of ARO in the penumbra after ischemia reperfusion.We generated a glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter-driven aromatase knock-out(GFAP-ARO-KO)mouse model in vivo.Neurologic impairment scores,rotarod test,grip strength test and adhesive removal test on the plantar surface of the paw were performed after MCAO/R modeling.Results:In wild type mice,the expression of ARO was significantly increased in astrocytes in the penumbra after MCAO/R(P<0.01).Compared to the control group,the expression of ARO in the GFAP-ARO-KO group was significantly reduced in astrocytes in the penumbra after MCAO/R.And loss of ARO increased cerebral infarction volume and aggravated sensorimotor impair-ment.Conclusion:After ischemic stroke,reactive astrocytes in the penumbra highly express ARO and play a protective role in post-ischemia reperfusion injury.

Objective To explore the effect of Baofei Yiqi pill on immune function of patients with lung cancer.Methods A total of 100 patients with lung cancer diagnosed and treated in Leping Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2020 to September 2023 were selected and divided into experimental group and control group according to random number table method,with 50 cases in each group.The control group was treated with docetaxel combined with cisplatin,and the experimental group was treated with Baofei Yiqi pill on the basis of control group.Both groups were treated with 3 cycles of chemotherapy.The clinical efficacy,quality of life,changes in weight,immune function and adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results The total response rate of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group(x2=14.620,P＜0.001).After treatment,the Karnofsky performance status score and weight of experimental group were significantly higher than those of control group(P＜0.05),and the levels of CD3+,CD4+and CD4+/CD8+in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group,and the levels of CD8+was significantly lower than than in control group(P＜0.05).The incidence of gastrointestinal reactions in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of abnormal renal function and liver function between two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Baofei Yiqi pill can effectively improve the immune function of patients with lung cancer,improve the quality of life of patients,reduce the adverse reactions of chemotherapy,and alleviate the disease of patients to a certain extent,which is worthy of promotion and application.

On January 1,2022,the China International Association for the Promotion of Science and Technology(CIAPST)officially implemented two pivotal standards:Quality Standards for Medical Germanium-68/Gallium-68(68 Ge/68 Ga)Generators and Gallium-68 Radiopharmaceuticals(T/CI 046-2021)and Quality Standards for Medical Lutetium-177(177 Lu)and Its Radiopharmaceuticals(T/CI 047-2021).These standards introduce innovative requirements for quality control and clinical application of radiopharmaceuticals,marking a significant advancement in China's regulatory framework for nuclear medicine.This article provides a compre-hensive analysis of the technical rationale,QC protocols,and clinical implications outlined in the standards.Against the backdrop of China's evolving nuclear medicine landscape,we further identify challenges in imple-mentation(e.g.,production consistency,regulatory compliance)and propose actionable strategies to optimize radiopharmaceutical quality management systems.Our perspective aims to support the standardization and global integration of China's radiopharmaceutical industry.

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of Sechang Zhixie Powder(SCZXS)on mice with acute diarrhea caused by castor oil.Methods The mice were randomly divided into blank control group,model control group,montmorillonite powder group(1.4 g·kg-1),SCZXS-L group(0.9 g·kg-1),SCZXS-M group(1.8 g·kg-1)and SCZXS-H group(3.6 g·kg-1),10 mice in each group.After continuous administration of 7 days,the acute diarrhea model of mice was prepared by oral administration of castor oil(0.01 mL·g-1).The diarrhea of mice was observed within 4 hours of castor oil administration,and the rate of loose stool,degree of loose stool,and diarrhea index were calculated;the levels of DAO,D-LDH,VIP,and SS in the colon were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;The morphological changes in the colon tissue of mice were observed after HE staining and the thicknesses of the mucosal and muscular layers of the colon were quantified;AB-PAS staining was performed to observe the effect on mucin in the colon;and the expression of AQP3,Occludin,and ZO-1 in the colon were quantified by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the model control group,the rate of loose stool,degree of loose stool,and diarrhea index of the mice in the SCZXS groups tended to decrease,but the difference was not statistically significant.Compared with the model control group,the flat luminal surface of the mice in the SCZXS-M and SCZXS-H group were significantly thickened(P<0.01),and the amount of VIP in the colon was significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),and that of DAO in the colon was significantly decreased(P<0.01),Occludin and ZO-1 expression were significantly increased(P<0.01),the mucin area ratio was significantly increased(P<0.05)in the SCZXS-M group,and AQP3 expression was significantly increased(P<0.05)in the SCZXS groups.Conclusions SCZXS can improve acute diarrhea induced by castor oil in mice.and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of gastrointestinal hormones and AQP3.In addition,SCZXS improves intestinal damage caused by diarrhea and protects the intestinal barrier.

Objective:To construct and validate a predictive model for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic urological surgery.Methods:This retrospective study included the medical records of 932 patients who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic urological surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2020 to February 2022. The patients were divided into a training group ( n=559) and a validation group ( n=373) at a 6∶4 ratio. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for PPCs, and a nomogram prediction model was constructed based on these factors. The performance of the model was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration curve, and the clinical benefit was assessed using the clinical decision curve analysis. Results:The independent risk factors for PPCs included advanced age (>60 yr), smoking history, respiratory tract infection within 1 month, preoperative low SpO 2 (<96%), and prolonged length of postoperative hospital stay ( P<0.05), and the body mass index (18.5-<28.0 kg/m 2) was a protective factor. The nomogram prediction model developed based on the aforementioned 6 influencing factors had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.81 (95% confidence interval 0.76-0.86) in training group and 0.80 (95% confidence interval 0.75-0.86) in validation group. The calibration curve indicated a good consistency between the predicted and actual occurrence curves, and the clinical decision curve analysis showed good accuracy and net benefit of the prediction model. Conclusions:The predictive model for PPCs is successfully constructed based on age, low body mass index, smoking history, history of respiratory tract infection within 1 month, preoperative low SpO 2 and prolonged length of postoperative hospital stay and has good predictive performance in patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic urological surgery.