BACKGROUND:In previous studies,glass materials were infiltrated into 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia by a double sintering method to prepare 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia materials that can maintain high transparency and high flexural strength.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia materials.METHODS:(1)Glass materials were infiltrated into 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia by double sintering to prepare 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia.5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia(or 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,3Y-TZP transparent zirconia)was placed in DMEM culture medium containing 10％fetal bovine serum for 12,24 and 72 hours,and the surface area ratio of culture medium to sample was 3 mL/cm2,and the 12-,24-and 72-hour material extracts were obtained.(2)After culturing mouse fibroblast L929 for 24 hours,the original culture medium was discarded and divided into 7 groups for culture:the control group was replaced with DMEM culture medium containing 10％fetal bovine serum by volume,and the other 6 groups were replaced with 24-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,24-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,24-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,72-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,72-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 72-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia.After 1,3,and 5 days of culture,cell growth was observed under a microscope,and the cell proliferation rate was obtained by CCK-8 assay to determine cytotoxicity.(3)Human anticoagulated blood was mixed with 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,and the hemolysis rate was detected after 0.5 hours.Human anticoagulated blood was mixed with 12-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,12-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 12-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,and the hemolysis rate was detected after 0.5 hours.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Under the microscope,it could be seen that the number of cells in each group increased with the extension of culture time,and the cell morphology of each experimental group was basically the same as that of the control group.The cytotoxicity grade of the 24-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia group on the first day of culture was grade 0,and the cytotoxicity grade of the other experimental groups at each time period was grade 1.(2)Neither the material nor the material extract caused obvious hemolytic reaction,and the hemolytic rate was less than 5％.(3)The results showed that 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia had no significant effect on the growth and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts L929,and did not cause hemolytic reaction with human blood,and had good in vitro biocompatibility.

BACKGROUND:In previous studies,glass materials were infiltrated into 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia by a double sintering method to prepare 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia materials that can maintain high transparency and high flexural strength.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia materials.METHODS:(1)Glass materials were infiltrated into 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia by double sintering to prepare 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia.5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia(or 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,3Y-TZP transparent zirconia)was placed in DMEM culture medium containing 10％fetal bovine serum for 12,24 and 72 hours,and the surface area ratio of culture medium to sample was 3 mL/cm2,and the 12-,24-and 72-hour material extracts were obtained.(2)After culturing mouse fibroblast L929 for 24 hours,the original culture medium was discarded and divided into 7 groups for culture:the control group was replaced with DMEM culture medium containing 10％fetal bovine serum by volume,and the other 6 groups were replaced with 24-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,24-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,24-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,72-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,72-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 72-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia.After 1,3,and 5 days of culture,cell growth was observed under a microscope,and the cell proliferation rate was obtained by CCK-8 assay to determine cytotoxicity.(3)Human anticoagulated blood was mixed with 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,and the hemolysis rate was detected after 0.5 hours.Human anticoagulated blood was mixed with 12-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,12-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 12-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,and the hemolysis rate was detected after 0.5 hours.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Under the microscope,it could be seen that the number of cells in each group increased with the extension of culture time,and the cell morphology of each experimental group was basically the same as that of the control group.The cytotoxicity grade of the 24-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia group on the first day of culture was grade 0,and the cytotoxicity grade of the other experimental groups at each time period was grade 1.(2)Neither the material nor the material extract caused obvious hemolytic reaction,and the hemolytic rate was less than 5％.(3)The results showed that 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia had no significant effect on the growth and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts L929,and did not cause hemolytic reaction with human blood,and had good in vitro biocompatibility.

Objective To observe the differences in gut microbiota in chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)-induced depression model rats of both sexes,and to provide experimental evidence for exploring sex differences in depression onset.Methods Thirty-two healthy SD rats were divided randomly into four groups based on sex:Male control group(Control-M),Female control group(Control-F),Male model group(Model-M),and Female model group(Model-F)(n=8 rats per group).Rats in the control groups were fed without stimulation,while rats in the model groups were stimulated using the 28 d CUMS-induced depression method.After successful modeling,fresh feces were collected from all rats for high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing.Behavioral observations were also conducted before and after preparing the model.Results The result of sucrose-preference,open-field,and forced-swimming tests differed significantly between the control and model groups.The result of the sucrose-preference test also differed between the sexes,while there was no difference in the open-field or forced-swimming test between the sexes.The α and β diversity of the gut microbiota genera showed an upward trend in the CUMS group compared with the control group.The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and the richness of the Roseburia and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group were decreased in male rats but showed an increasing trend in female rats.Conclusions The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes in the gut microbiota may be a key factor affecting the difference in the onset of depression between males and females,while the Roseburia and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group be potential factors in correcting the gut microbiota and improving the symptoms of depression.

Objective To observe the differences in gut microbiota in chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)-induced depression model rats of both sexes,and to provide experimental evidence for exploring sex differences in depression onset.Methods Thirty-two healthy SD rats were divided randomly into four groups based on sex:Male control group(Control-M),Female control group(Control-F),Male model group(Model-M),and Female model group(Model-F)(n=8 rats per group).Rats in the control groups were fed without stimulation,while rats in the model groups were stimulated using the 28 d CUMS-induced depression method.After successful modeling,fresh feces were collected from all rats for high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing.Behavioral observations were also conducted before and after preparing the model.Results The result of sucrose-preference,open-field,and forced-swimming tests differed significantly between the control and model groups.The result of the sucrose-preference test also differed between the sexes,while there was no difference in the open-field or forced-swimming test between the sexes.The α and β diversity of the gut microbiota genera showed an upward trend in the CUMS group compared with the control group.The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and the richness of the Roseburia and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group were decreased in male rats but showed an increasing trend in female rats.Conclusions The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes in the gut microbiota may be a key factor affecting the difference in the onset of depression between males and females,while the Roseburia and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group be potential factors in correcting the gut microbiota and improving the symptoms of depression.

Objective To observe the efficacy of 577 nm subthreshold micropulse laser photocoagulation(SMLP)on central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC)and explore the baseline characteristics and prognostic features of multimodal ima-ging-based CSC.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 44 patients(46 eyes)with CSC diagnosed at the Ophthalmology Department of the General Hospital of Central Theater Command,PLA from June 2017 to May 2022.The pa-tients were classified into the simple CSC group(23 eyes)and the complex CSC group(23 eyes)based on the multimodal imaging classification.All patients underwent 577 nm SMLP treatment.The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and cen-tral macular thickness(CMT)of patients between the two groups were compared before treatment and at 1,3 and 6 months after treatment.The intra-group and inter-group changes and the complete absorption rate of subretinal fluid(SRF)in CSC eyes of patients between the two groups were assessed before treatment and at 6 months after follow-up.Results The BCVA of patients in the simple CSC group significantly improved at 6 months after treatment compared with the base-line(P=0.010);the BCVA of patients in the complex CSC group significantly improved at 3 and 6 months after treatment compared with the baseline(both P＜0.01).The CMT of patients in the simple CSC group was significantly lower than the baseline at 1,3,and 6 months after treatment(all P＜0.05);the CMT of patients in the complex CSC group was signifi-cantly lower than the baseline at 1 and 6 months after treatment(both P＜0.05);the change in CMT from baseline after 6 months of treatment for simple CSC was(-163.74±88.10)μm,the change in CMT from baseline after 6 months of treat-ment for complex CSC was(-71.96±164.30)μm,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P=0.023).During the follow-up period,the number of eyes with persistent SRF in the simple CSC group was significant-ly lower than that in the complex CSC group(P＜0.05).The complete absorption rate of SRF at 6 months after treatment in the simple CSC group was greater than that in the complex CSC group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The prognosis of sim-ple CSC treated with 577 nm SMLP is better than that of complex CSC,and the new multimodal imaging classification has a certain value in predicting the prognosis of CSC after SMLP.

The rapid development of digital intelligence technologies is providing a powerful boost to the high-quality development of the healthcare system.Considering the current state of our healthcare services and guided by General Secretary Xi Jinping's insights on new quality productive forces and the directives from Third Plenary Session of Communist Party of China's 20th Central Committee,the high-quality development of the healthcare service system should focus on digital intelligence technologies such as cloud computing,big data,privacy computing,blockchain,Internet of Things(IoT),mobile computing,and AI.The key measures should include the optimization of production factors,services,and governance.Emphasis should be placed on enhancing the efficient and intensive development of the development model,ensuring the high-quality and continuous integration of the supply model,and transitioning to scientific and modern management methods.Herein,we analyzed the"factor optimization—service optimization—governance optimization"development mechanism driven by digital intelligence and proposed corresponding implementation pathways,intending to provide references for establishing a high-quality and efficient healthcare service system with Chinese characteristics.

Objective:To construct a predictive model to assess the risk of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection among children under five years in China, conduct preliminary validation of this model by using external data, and develop an individual risk assessment tool available for their parents.Methods:The admission after RSV infection was used as a marker of severe infection. Based on the evidence of RSV hospitalization-related risk factors and real-world data, such as the prevalence of various risk factors in children under five years old in China, a Monte Carlo-based individual RSV hospitalization risk prediction model for children under five years old was constructed. Taking Suzhou City as an example, the model was externally validated, and an interactive risk prediction tool (RSV HeaRT) was developed on the WeChat mini-program platform.Results:The estimation model showed that in children under five years old in China if the population did not have any risk factors for severe RSV infection, the RSV annual hospitalization rate was 2.2/1 000 (95% CI: 0.9/1 000-7.5/1 000). Based on this baseline hospitalization rate and the prevalence of related risk factors in Suzhou, the model predicted an RSV hospitalization rate of 8.0/1 000 (95% CI: 4.6/1 000-24.4/1 000) for children under five years old annually in Suzhou, which was close to the reported RSV hospitalization rate in literature (10/1 000-20/1 000). In the developed RSV HeaRT WeChat mini-program, target users (such as parents of children) could input basic information, disease history, and social environmental factors of the child into the mini-program, and the tool could provide real-time feedback on the following predicted results: First, the relative risk of hospitalization due to RSV infection in current children compared to general children; Second, the probability of hospitalization due to RSV infection within the next year; Third, the relative risk of adverse outcomes during hospitalization in the event of RSV infection. Conclusion:This study is based on real-world evidence related to RSV hospitalization risk and constructs an RSV hospitalization risk prediction model suitable for Chinese children based on the combination of the current prevalence of risk factors in children under five years old in China. The accuracy of the prediction model results has been preliminarily demonstrated. Based on this design, the RSV HeaRT developed can facilitate parents to evaluate the hospitalization risk of children.

Objective:To construct a predictive model to assess the risk of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection among children under five years in China, conduct preliminary validation of this model by using external data, and develop an individual risk assessment tool available for their parents.Methods:The admission after RSV infection was used as a marker of severe infection. Based on the evidence of RSV hospitalization-related risk factors and real-world data, such as the prevalence of various risk factors in children under five years old in China, a Monte Carlo-based individual RSV hospitalization risk prediction model for children under five years old was constructed. Taking Suzhou City as an example, the model was externally validated, and an interactive risk prediction tool (RSV HeaRT) was developed on the WeChat mini-program platform.Results:The estimation model showed that in children under five years old in China if the population did not have any risk factors for severe RSV infection, the RSV annual hospitalization rate was 2.2/1 000 (95% CI: 0.9/1 000-7.5/1 000). Based on this baseline hospitalization rate and the prevalence of related risk factors in Suzhou, the model predicted an RSV hospitalization rate of 8.0/1 000 (95% CI: 4.6/1 000-24.4/1 000) for children under five years old annually in Suzhou, which was close to the reported RSV hospitalization rate in literature (10/1 000-20/1 000). In the developed RSV HeaRT WeChat mini-program, target users (such as parents of children) could input basic information, disease history, and social environmental factors of the child into the mini-program, and the tool could provide real-time feedback on the following predicted results: First, the relative risk of hospitalization due to RSV infection in current children compared to general children; Second, the probability of hospitalization due to RSV infection within the next year; Third, the relative risk of adverse outcomes during hospitalization in the event of RSV infection. Conclusion:This study is based on real-world evidence related to RSV hospitalization risk and constructs an RSV hospitalization risk prediction model suitable for Chinese children based on the combination of the current prevalence of risk factors in children under five years old in China. The accuracy of the prediction model results has been preliminarily demonstrated. Based on this design, the RSV HeaRT developed can facilitate parents to evaluate the hospitalization risk of children.

OBJECTIVES: Firefighters are prone to suffer from psychological trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the workplace, and have a poor prognosis after PTSD. Reliable models for predicting PTSD allow for effective identification and intervention for patients with early PTSD. By collecting the psychological traits, psychological states and work situations of firefighters, this study aims to develop a machine learning algorithm with the aim of effectively and accurately identifying the onset of PTSD in firefighters, as well as detecting some important predictors of PTSD onset. METHODS: This study conducted a cross-sectional survey through convenient sampling of firefighters from 20 fire brigades in Changsha, which were evenly distributed across 6 districts and Changsha County, with a total of 628 firefighters. We used the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) to process data sets and used grid search to finish the parameter tuning. The predictive capability of several commonly used machine learning models was compared by 5-fold cross-validation and using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC), accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. RESULTS: The random forest model achieved good performance in predicting PTSD with an average AUC score at 0.790. The mean accuracy of the model was 90.1%, with an F1 score of 0.945. The three most important predictors were perseverance, forced thinking, and reflective deep thinking, with weights of 0.165, 0.158, and 0.152, respectively. The next most important predictors were employment time, psychological power, and optimism. CONCLUSIONS PTSD onset prediction model for Changsha firefighters constructed by random forest has strong predictive ability, and both psychological characteristics and work situation can be used as predictors of PTSD onset risk for firefighters. In the next step of the study, validation using other large datasets is needed to ensure that the predictive models can be used in clinical setting.
Humans ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis* ; Firefighters/psychology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Algorithms ; Machine Learning

Objective:To explore the effect of three-dimensional(3D) design and printing in the reoperation of asymmetric deformity after orthognathic surgery.Methods:Patients of facial asymmetry after orthognathic surgery were included in the Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University from January 2016 to August 2020. Surgical plans and guide plates (positioning guide plate, bone cutting guide plate, reset guide plate) were made by 3D design and printing. During the operations, guide plates were used to guide osteotomy. The facial shape satisfaction of clinicians/patients/third-party were recorded and analyzed at preoperation and 6-12 months postoperation. These patients’ CT scan data was imported to the digital surgery software. Then the distance of chin-midpoint to mid-sagittal plane and the difference of bilateral protuberant point of mandible body to mid-sagittal plane were measured at preoperation and 6-12 months postoperation to determine whether the asymmetry were corrected and postoperative distance were the same as the preoperative design. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 17.0 statistical software, and measurement data were expressed as Mean±SD. The preoperative and postoperative satisfaction of patients/clinicians/third-party, digital data of preoperation/postoperation and digital data of design-operations/postoperation were analyzed by paired t-test. Analysis of variance and dunnett- t test were used to compare the satisfaction of the surgeon, the third party and patients before and after operation. Results:There were 16 cases of facial asymmetry after orthognathic surgery, including 3 males and 13 females, aged from 18 to 35 years. In 9 cases, genioplasty were used to correct chin deviation. In the other 4 cases, unilateral buccal cortical bone resection were used to correct mandibular body deviation. In the last 3 cases, genioplasty and unilateral buccal cortical bone resection were both applied. All 16 patients successfully received the operation according to the preoperative digital designed plate. Postoperative follow-up ranged 6 months to 1 year. In the 12 cases of genioplasty, the distance of chin-midpoint to mid-sagittal plane reduced from(4.99±0.83) mm preoperatively to (1.63±0.80) mm postoperatively and the difference significant ( t=9.09, P<0.001). There was no significant difference between the distance of preoperative design [(1.50±0.43) mm] and the postoperative one ( t=-0.83, P=0.423). In the 7 cases of unilateral buccal cortical bone resection, the difference of bilateral protuberant point of mandible body to mid-sagitta plane reduced from (7.26±1.20) mm preoperatively to (2.44±0.56) mm postoperatively and the difference was statistically significant ( t=10.26, P<0.001). There was no significant difference was observed between the distance of preoperative design [(2.39±0.16) mm] and the postoperative one ( t=-0.29, P=0.779). The preoperative satisfaction of patients, clinicians and third-party were 65.94±8.21, 79.69±5.91, 79.38±7.50. The postoperative satisfaction of patients, clinicians and third-party were 90.00±5.48, 90.63±2.50, 90.00±4.08. The postoperative satisfaction of patients, chief surgeon and third party was higher than that preoperative satisfaction and the difference was statistically significant( t=-9.15, P<0.001; t=-7.50, P<0.001; t=-6.04, P<0.001). The difference of preoperation satisfaction was statistically significant( F=18.66, P<0.001). The difference of satisfaction of the clinicians and the patients was statistically significant ( P<0.001). The difference of satisfaction of the third-party and the patients was statistically significant ( P<0.001). The difference of postoperation satisfaction was not statistically significant( F=0.12, P=0.889). Conclusions:3D design and printing can 3D analyze comprehensively, simulate surgery accurately, visualize proposed result and guide 3D printing digital guiding plate to perform surgery accurately. In addition, it can improve postoperative satisfaction. So 3D design and printing had obvious advantages in the secondary surgery of asymmetric deformity correction after orthognathic surgery.