ObjectiveTo investigate the preventive effect and mechanism of Dendrobium officinale （DO） on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） by network pharmacology and animal experiments. MethodsDO components in blood after administration were identified and analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry （UPLC-QE-HF-MS/MS）. Network pharmacology and molecular docking methods were employed to obtain active ingredients and potential targets of DO for NAFLD control. High-fat feeds were used to replicate the NAFLD rat model. Biochemical kits were used for detecting the expression levels of blood lipids， hepatic lipids， and liver functions of rats. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and oil red O staining were employed to observe pathological changes in rat liver， and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR （Real-time PCR） assay was performed to validate potential targets obtained from the network pharmacology analysis. ResultsA total of 13 DO components were identified in blood， including berberine， dihydrosanguinarine， and oxypeucedanin. A total of 14 potential targets were screened through network pharmacology， including Forkhead box protein O1 （FoxO1）， epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）， and insulin-like growth factor 1 （IGF-1R）， involving pathways such as the advanced glycation end product （AGE）/receptor for AGE （RAGE） signaling pathway， blood lipids and atherosclerosis， insulin resistance， and FoxO signaling. The results of animal experiments showed that the NAFLD rat model was successfully replicated. After the preventive treatment with DO for NAFLD rats， the indexes of blood lipids， hepatic lipids， and liver function were normalized； lipid deposition and lesions in the liver were significantly improved； the expression level of FoxO1 mRNA in the liver was significantly reduced （P<0.05）， and the mRNA expression levels of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases （PI3K）， protein kinase B （Akt）， EGFR， and IGF-1R were significantly increased （P<0.05）. ConclusionDO has a preventive effect on NAFLD rats， and the mechanism of action may be related to the modulation of IGF1R and EGFR targets and activation of the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway.

Pulpotomy, which belongs to vital pulp therapy, has become a strategy for managing pulpitis in recent decades. This minimally invasive treatment reflects the recognition of preserving healthy dental pulp and optimizing long-term patient-centered outcomes. Pulpotomy is categorized into partial pulpotomy (PP), the removal of a partial segment of the coronal pulp tissue, and full pulpotomy (FP), the removal of whole coronal pulp, which is followed by applying the biomaterials onto the remaining pulp tissue and ultimately restoring the tooth. Procedural decisions for the amount of pulp tissue removal or retention depend on the diagnostic of pulp vitality, the overall treatment plan, the patient's general health status, and pulp inflammation reassessment during operation. This statement represents the consensus of an expert committee convened by the Society of Cariology and Endodontics, Chinese Stomatological Association. It addresses the current evidence to support the application of pulpotomy as a potential alternative to root canal treatment (RCT) on mature permanent teeth with pulpitis from a biological basis, the development of capping biomaterial, and the diagnostic considerations to evidence-based medicine. This expert statement intends to provide a clinical protocol of pulpotomy, which facilitates practitioners in choosing the optimal procedure and increasing their confidence in this rapidly evolving field.
Humans ; Calcium Compounds/therapeutic use* ; Consensus ; Dental Pulp ; Dentition, Permanent ; Oxides/therapeutic use* ; Pulpitis/therapy* ; Pulpotomy/standards*

PANoptosis is a newly defined type of programmed cell death (PCD), which is triggered by a variety of stimuli and covers three known forms of PCD: apoptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis. In physiological state, cell death plays an important protective role against pathogen invasion, but its over-activation may aggravate inflammatory response and cause tissue damage. Studies have shown that the occurrence and progression of acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other lung diseases are closely related to PANoptosis. The purpose of this review is to deeply explore the molecular mechanism of PANoptosis and its regulatory factors in lung diseases, in order to discover potential therapeutic targets and provide new targets and innovative ideas for clinical treatment for lung diseases.
Humans ; Lung Diseases ; Apoptosis ; Pyroptosis ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Necroptosis ; Acute Lung Injury

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dupilumab in the treatment of prurigo nodularis (PN) in the real world.Methods:PN patients who were subcutaneously injected with dupilumab for over 12 weeks were collected from the China Type Ⅱ Inflammatory Skin Disease Clinical Research and Standardized Diagnosis and Treatment Project Database from June 2021 to October 2022. Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed, which included demographic data, and changes in pruritus numeric rating scale (NRS), investigator global assessment for PN-Stage (IGA PN-S), dermatology life quality index (DLQI) and hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) scores before and after treatment. Differences in scores before and after treatment, as well as in efficacy between patients with and without a history of atopic diseases, were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test, paired t-test or chi-square test. Results:A total of 66 PN patients were collected, including 42 males and 24 females, and they were aged 8 to 89 (44.12 ± 24.17) years. Thirty-six patients had a history of atopic diseases, and 27 had a family history of atopic diseases. After 12-week treatment with dupilumab, the pruritus NRS, IGA PN-S and DLQI scores in the 66 patients significantly decreased from the baseline scores (7.00 [5.00, 8.00], 3.00 [3.00, 4.00], 12.00 [7.75, 20.25], respectively) to 3.00 [2.00, 4.25], 2.00 [2.00, 3.00], 5.00 [1.75, 8.25], respectively (all P < 0.001). Among the 66 patients, 39 continued the regular treatment with dupilumab after 12 weeks and were followed up to 16 weeks; their pruritus NRS and IGA PN-S scores at week 16 further decreased compared with those at week 12 (both P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the proportion of patients showing an improvement of ≥ 4 points in the NRS score or the proportion of patients achieving IGA 0/1 at week 12 between the patients with history of atopic diseases and those without (both P > 0.05). Before treatment, 32 PN patients were accompanied by mild to severe anxiety and/or depression; after 12-week treatment, the HADS-A scores in the 28 patients with anxiety (HADS-A scores > 7 points) and the HADS-D scores in the 20 patients with depression (HADS-D scores > 7 points) significantly decreased compared with their baseline scores (both P < 0.001) ; 18 (56.52%) patients achieved remission in anxiety and depression (both HADS-A and HADS-D scores < 7 points). Among the 66 PN patients, there were 13 minor patients, including 7 males and 6 females, and they were aged 8 to 17 (13.77 ± 3.09) years; after 12-week treatment, their pruritus NRS, IGA PN-S, and DLQI scores significantly decreased compared with the corresponding baseline scores (all P < 0.05) ; 8 minor patients continued dupilumab treatment for 16 weeks, with a further decrease in the IGA PN-S score compared with that at week 12 ( P < 0.05), but without significant differences between the pruritus NRS and DLQI scores at week 16 and those at week 12 (both P > 0.05). Adverse reactions were observed in 7 adult patients, including eye pruritus, local injection reactions, and systemic erythema accompanied by pruritus on the day of injection. No adverse reactions were reported in minor patients. Conclusion:In the real world, dupilumab could markedly alleviate pruritus, skin lesions, anxiety and depression symptoms in PN, improve the quality of life, and exhibited a good safety profile.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection among patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in some regions of China. Methods Serum samples were collected from 3 131 patients with chronic HBV infection in 10 provinces, cities, and autonomous regions of China from March 2021 to June 2022, and anti-HDV IgG ELISA was used for the detection of all serum samples. Nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (nRT-PCR) was used to detect HDV RNA in anti-HDV IgG-positive samples, and the nRT-PCR amplification products of HDV RNA-positive samples were sequenced and analyzed to determine HDV genotype. The clinical features of anti-HDV IgG-positive patients were analyzed. The Mann-Whitney U rank sum test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. Results The positive rate of anti-HDV IgG in the 3 131 patients with chronic HBV infection was 0.70% (22/3 131), and that in the patients with chronic HBV infection in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Beijing, and Hunan Province was 1.81% (16/886), 0.88% (2/226), 0.28% (2/708), and 1.00% (2/200), respectively; the patients with chronic HBV infection in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region had a significantly higher positive rate of anti-HDV IgG than those in Beijing ( P =0.004), and there was no significant difference between the other regions ( P > 0.05). Clinical features of the patients with chronic HBV infection in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region showed that compared with the anti-HDV IgG-negative group, the anti-HDV IgG-positive group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with Mongol nationality ( P =0.001), abnormal alanine aminotransferase ( P =0.007), or antiviral treatment ( P =0.029), as well as a significantly lower median HBV DNA level ( P =0.030). A total of 19 HDV RNA-positive samples were identified, all of which had HDV genotype 1. Conclusion The prevalence rate of HDV varies greatly across different regions of China, with a higher prevalence rate of HDV in patients with chronic HBV infection from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. HDV genotype 1 is the predominant genotype in some provinces and cities of northern China.

Objective:To analyze the incidence and prognosis of epilepsy in frontotemporal lobe glioma.Methods:The clinical data of 208 patients with frontotemporal lobe gliomas in Sanbo Brain Hospital Capital Medical University from 2019 to 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the central nervous system, the incidence of epilepsy, Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) score, and Engel Outcome Scale of patients with different grades of tumors were calculated.Results:Among all the patients with frontotemporal lobe gliomas, there was more males than females, and it was more common in the 40 -59 age group. The incidence of epilepsy associated with WHO grade Ⅰand Ⅱ glioma was 100.0% (33/33) and 60.9% (14/23), respectively, while that of WHO grade Ⅳ glioma was 19.0%(19/100). The average follow-up time was (22 ± 9) months. During the follow-up period, the incidence of WHO grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ glioma-related epilepsy decreased significantly. There was no significant difference in the incidence of glioma-related epilepsy between the total and subtotal resection groups ( P>0.05). There was no statistical correlation between the side of tumor occurrence and the occurrence of epilepsy ( P>0.05), also between the gene phenotype and the occurrence of epilepsy ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the Engel Outcome Scale among different grades of gliomas ( P>0.05). The prognosis of patients with Engel Outcome Scale Class 1 was significantly better than that of other grades. Conclusions:The incidence of glioma-related epilepsy is negatively correlated with tumor grade. Age and sex are risk factors for glioma-related epilepsy. The incidence of postoperative epilepsy in patients with low grade glioma is significantly lower than that in patients with high grade glioma, and the prognosis is better. However, there is no significant difference in the Engel Outcome Scale among different grades of gliomas.

Objective To systematically evaluate the qualitative studies on the care experience of caregivers for primary malignant bone tumors patients,in order to provide references for the construction of bone tumor support care system.Methods The Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP database,and China Biomedical Literature Database were searched by computer to collect qualitative studies on the care experience of caregivers of malignant bone tumors patients from the establishment of the databases to November 2022.The quality of the literature was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)Quality Evaluation Criteria for Quality Research in Evidence-Based Health Care Centers(2016),and the results were integrated by a pooled integration approach.Results A total of 12 studies were included;48 themes were extracted and summarized into 9 categories,which were combined into 3 integrated results.Integration result 1 is obvious physical and mental disturbance.Integration result 2 is multiple role maladaptation.Integration result 3 is positive growth after adjustment.Conclusion Caregivers of patients with malignant bone tumors have serious physical and mental burden and are eager for multiple support.It is suggested that medical staff pay attention to the multi-dimensional needs of patients,formulate personalized support strategies,help caregivers adapt and transform their roles,and promote the post-traumatic growth of caregivers.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of single microneedle radiofrequency versus photodynamic therapy in the treatment of inflammatory lesions of moderate and severe facial acne vulgaris.Methods:Sixty patients with moderate to severe facial acne vulgaris were retrospectively collected from Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology between December 2021 and July 2022, including 30 patients who had received single microneedle radiofrequency treatment, and 30 patients who had received photodynamic therapy. There were no significant differences in the age, gender distribution, and severity of acne between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The patients in the microneedle radiofrequency group were treated with single microneedle radiofrequency once every 4 weeks for 2 sessions; those in the photodynamic therapy group received aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy once every 2 weeks for 3 sessions; patients in both groups were still treated with oral doxycycline for 8 weeks. After 8-week treatment, the efficacy, pain severity and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Statistical analysis was carried out by using chi-square test, two independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results:After 8-week treatment, there was no significant difference in the response rate between the microneedle radiofrequency group (93.33%, 28/30) and photodynamic therapy group (86.67%, 25/30; χ2 = 0.74, P = 0.389). No significant difference was observed in the pain severity score between the microneedle radiofrequency group (4.80 ± 2.08) and photodynamic therapy group (4.13 ± 1.86, t = 1.32, P = 0.194), and there was also no significant difference in the pain degree between the two groups ( Z = -1.13, P = 0.260). In the microneedle radiofrequency group, burning sensation occurred in 3 cases (10.00%), swelling and pain in 4 (13.33%), erythema in 2 (6.67%), and dryness and desquamation in 2 (6.67%), and no reactive acne or hyperpigmentation was observed; in the photodynamic therapy group, burning sensation occurred in 10 cases (33.33%), swelling and pain in 9 (30.00%), erythema in 8 (26.67%), reactive acne in 11 (36.67%), hyperpigmentation in 2 (6.67%), and dryness and desquamation in 11 (36.67%). Compared with the photodynamic therapy group, the microneedle radiofrequency group showed significantly decreased incidence rates of burning sensation, erythema, reactive acne, and dryness and desquamation ( χ2 = 4.81, 4.32, 13.47, 7.95, respectively, all P < 0.05) ; there was no significant difference in the incidence rates of swelling and pain as well as hyperpigmentation between the two groups ( χ2 = 2.46, 2.07, respectively, both P > 0.05) . Conclusion:Single microneedle radiofrequency showed marked efficacy equivalent to that of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of moderate to severe facial acne vulgaris, but higher safety, providing more clinical treatment options for moderate to severe facial acne vulgaris.

【Objective】 To investigate the feasibility and safety of semiconductor blue laser in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) in the day surgery model. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 22 NMIBC patients (average age 55.8 years and tumor size 1.4 cm) who underwent outpatient screening and accepted blue laser ambulatory surgery in our hospital during Jun.2022 and Sep.2022 were retrospectively analyzed. On the day of admission, transurethral resection of cancer was performed using blue laser en bloc enucleation. On the day of surgery or in the morning of next day, bladder irrigation was stopped, the catheter was removed, and patients were discharged. The baseline data, pre-hospital waiting time, operation time, length of hospital stay, hemoglobin decrease, complications and management, follow-up, medical costs, and patients’ satisfaction rate were recorded. 【Results】 The pre-hospital waiting time was 2 to 7 days, average (4.1±1.3)days. The operation time was 29 to 50 minutes, average (40.8±5.5)minutes. The length of hospital stay was 0.6 to 1.2 days, average (0.9±0.2)days. Hemoglobin decrease was 1 g/L to 8 g/L, average (3.8±1.8)g/L. The catheter was indwelt for 0.5 to 1 day, average (0.7±0.1)day. The medical costs were 13 790 to 16 811 Yuan, average (14 941.5±690.2) Yuan. Patients’ satisfaction rate was 100.0%. Mild intraoperative and postoperative complications occurred in 2 cases. One patient developed symptoms of cystitis which disappeared after 2 days of oral antibiotic cefixime, and another patient developed bladder spasm which was relieved after oral solifenacin succinate tablets. No adverse events such as obturator nerve reflex or bladder perforation occurred. After removal of the catheter, no urinary retention was observed. 【Conclusion】 This study was the first to apply blue laser ambulatory surgery in the treatment of bladder cancer, confirming that it is a safe, feasible, economical and efficient model for selected patients, which can be promoted in suitable hospitals.