In order to facilitate the accurate comprehension and correct implemention of the national occupational health standard Health standard for operators of nuclear power plants (GBZ/T 164-2022), this article presents an in-depth elucidation encompassing the significance of the standard promulgation, the background of its revision, the current status of the relevant domestic and international standards, the basis for revision of the principal technical inclusion and the application scope of the standard. The aim is to provide a guidance the selection, appropriate evaluation, and occupational health monitoring of nuclear power plant operators, ultimately ensuring the safe operation of nuclear facilities.

Human secreted phospholipase A2 GIIE (hGIIE) is involved in inflammation and lipid metabolism due to its ability of hydrolyzing phospholipids. To reveal the mechanism of substrate head-group selectivity, we analyzed the effect of mutation of hGIIE on its activity and selectivity. hGIIE structural analysis showed that E54 might be related to its substrate head-group selectivity. According to the sequence alignment, E54 was mutated to alanine, phenylalanine, and lysine. Mutated genes were cloned and expressed in Pichia pastoris X33, and the enzymes with mutations were purified with 90% purity by ion exchange and molecular size exclusion chromatography. The enzymatic activities were determined by isothermal microthermal titration method. The Km of mutant E54K towards 1,2-dihexyl phosphate glycerol decreased by 0.39-fold compared with that of wild type hGIIE (WT), and the Km of E54F towards 1,2-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine increased by 1.93-fold than that of WT. The affinity of mutant proteins with phospholipid substrate was significantly changed, indicating that E54 plays an important role in the substrate head-group selectivity of hGIIE.
Humans ; Kinetics ; Mutation ; Phospholipases A2, Secretory ; Phospholipids ; Saccharomycetales ; Substrate Specificity

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a Zenith fenestrated aortic stent-graft (ZFEN) system in the treatment of short-necked aneurysms.Methods:The clinical data of 5 patients receiving F-EVAR in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from Mar 2018 to Sep 2019 according to the standards of short-necked abdominal aortic aneurysm and COOK ZFEN custom stent were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Patients' average age was (69±11) years old. The time of stent customization was 4-6 weeks. The average maximum diameter of AAA was (60.8±14.0) mm. The average proximal neck diameter was (26.0±2.6) mm and the average length anchoring zone was (6.4±2.2) mm. The rate of technical success was 100%. There was no intraoperative loss of visceral vessels and stent displacement. The meane follow-up time was 6.8 months. The perioperative mortality was 0, and there were no other major complications. There were 3 patients with simple type Ⅱ endoleak and 1 patient with type Ⅲ endoleak. The endoleaks disappeared in 4 patients during follow-up of 3-12 months. 1 patient suffered with type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ endoleak, and the visceral vessels and branching stents were patent in all patients.Conclusion:The short term result of COOK ZFEN stent-graft system was safe and feasible for the treatment of short-necked AAA.

Objective:To investigate the expression and significance of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in renal tissue and peripheral blood of children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome(INS).Methods:The renal biopsy tissues of 78 children with INS diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from October 2015 to June 2018 and normal renal tissues of 21 children (control group 1) were collected, and the expressions of TLR4 in the renal tissue was detected by using immunohistochemical method.The expression of TLR4 in different renal pathological types and clinical types of INS was compared, and the correlation of TLR4 with 24-hour urinary protein and serum albumin was analyzed.The expression levels of TLR4 in peripheral blood of children with INS before and after treatment (active stage and remission stage) and 23 healthy children (control group 2) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The serum expression levels of TLR4 in different renal pathological types and clinical types of INS were compared, and the correlation of TLR4 with 24-hour urinary protein and serum albumin was analyzed; The correlation between TLR4 expression in renal tubules and in the serum of children with INS was also analyzed.Results:(1)Compared with the expression of TLR4 in normal renal tissues[(0.93±0.26)%], the expression of TLR4 in glomeruli and interstitium of all pathological types of INS [mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN): (0.93 ± 0.21)%, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS): (1.02±0.25)%, membranous glomerulonephritis(MN): (1.03±0.09)%, minimal change disease(MCD): (1.02±0.27)%]was not significantly different ( F=0.741, P=0.562), but the expression of TLR4 in renal tubules[MCD: (82.94±4.62)%, MN: (63.54±1.98)%, MsPGN(42.32±2.97)%, FSGS: (22.60±2.07)%] was significantly increased ( F=1 929.842, P<0.01), Especially, the expression of TLR4 in renal tubules of MCD type INS was significantly higher than that of MN, MsPG N and FSGS [MCD: (82.94±4.62)%, MN: (63.54±1.98)%, MsPGN: (42.32±2.97)%, FSGS: (22.60±2.07)%], and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01). TLR4 expression in renal tubules was the highest in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) type and the lowest in INS patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) type, and the differences were statistically significant( F=220.951, P<0.01). (2)The expression of serum TLR4 in INS children at the active stage [MsPNG: (143.36±12.99) ng/L, FSGS(75.94±7.29) ng/L, MN(210.22±14.66) ng/L, MCD(283.93±21.58) ng/L]was significantly higher than that in INS children at remission stage [MsPNG: (29.51±4.93) ng/L, FSGS(15.66±3.78) ng/L, MN(45.40±5.73) ng/L, MCD(62.29±7.90) ng/L]and control group 2[(0.69 ± 0.33) ng/L], and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01); the expression of serum TLR4 in INS children at remission stage was significantly higher than that in the control group 2 ( F=286.287, P<0.01). TLR4 had the highest expression level in serum of MCD type INS children at active and remission stages, followed by MN and FSGS successively.The expression of serum TLR4 was highest in SSNS and lowest in SRNS, and the differences were statistically significant ( F=147.438, P<0.01). (3)The expression of TLR4 in renal tubules of children with INS[(62.82 ±20.94)%]was positively correlated with the expression of TLR4 in serum[(213.26±73.33) ng/L] ( r=0.852, P< 0.05). The expression levels of TLR4 in renal tubules and serum of INS patients at active stage were positively correlated with 24-hour urinary protein level[(123.05±33.55) mg/kg] ( r=0.401, 0.427, all P<0.05), and negatively correlated with serum albumin level[(19.54±3.55)g/L] ( r=-0.602, -0.617, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The expression of TLR4 in renal tubules and serum of children with INS increases, and may be related to different renal pathological types and clinical types of children with INS, as well as disease activity.

Objective: To explore the treatment technique, occurrence and development patterns of such radiation injuries as in a major radiological accident in which a victim suffered mild bone marrow radiation sickness combined grade degree Ⅲ acute radiation induced skin injury, based on his dose estimation, clinical manifestations and disease treatments. Methods: History inquiry in detail, earlier physical dose estimation and biological dose estimation were conducted in conjunction with analyzing the chromosome aberration of peripheral blood lymphocytes. The physical dose was estimated by Monte Carlo method.The systematic laboratory and imaging examination was performed to evaluate the condition. The comprehensive analysis was conducted to determine the diagnosis and treatment plan. Results: At 3d after the exposure, "Ren" felt mild pain and discomfortable on the skin of the right index finger. The body of the right hand index finger was covered with blister at 21 d after exposure.The estimation of biological dose was 0.43 Gy (95%CI: 0.31-0.58 Gy), and the physical dose was estimated to be 36-164 Gy for each part of the right hand finger. The hematopoietic system, immune system and endocrine system were normal. The liver function index value was transiently increased. The liver damage resulted from the use of antibiotic-induced combined with the patient′s past medical history and admission examination result, and the relevant antibiotics were discontinued. The liver function returned to normal after liver protection treatment. At 22 d after irradiation, a right finger incision and decompression surgery were performed. The stem cells were extracted and implanted into the right index finger. After 59 days of hospitalization, there was no obvious discomfort in the body, and the right index finger recovered well, as well as the pain significantly relieved, and the knuckle activity was basically normal. Conclusions The patient with excessive radiation and grade Ⅲ acute radiation skin injury was successfully treated, and local application of autologous adipose-derived stem cell transplantation achieved good result .

Isolation and characterization of metabolites produced by endophytes are significant ways to search for novel natural active substances, proving that the endophytes are the unique resources of newer and more effective compounds. Many new compounds with antimicrobial activity from different endophytes have been isolated so far. These new compounds provide alternatives to fight against multi-drug resistance of microorganisms. This review outlined the major achievements and latest developments of endophytes, including the diversity of endophytes and antimicrobial activity of endophytes, as well as its development in China.

Objective To investigate the late effects induced by ionizing radiation and the rehabilitation treatment of local radiation injury by medical follow-up of the patient exposed to192 Ir at 5.7 accident in Nanjing,and to provide more experience for the treatments in the medical emergency of nuclear or radiological accident.Methods According to the history inquiry and physical examination of the patient in detail and the record of clinical symptoms and signs,the changes of the blood system,immune system,reproductive system,eyes,nervous system were systematically evaluated.The effects of rehabilitation treatment for the patient with lower limb dysfunction were also assessed.Results After the medical treatments of the patient,the hematopoietic immune system was restored,but the bone marrow aspiration still showed low bone marrow hyperplasia in right ilium.Meanwhile,the level of sex hormones was within the normal range,but semen examination showed sperm motility was 0.The radiation damage also occurred in the eye lens,retina and fundus.Howevcr,the psychological evaluation showed that the patient was stable and the right lower limb skin wound healing was well except for dysfunction and pain in some extent,which was relieved after the rehabilitation treatment.Conclusions The physiological function of the exposed victim with mild bone marrow type acute radiation sickness could be completely or partially restored after the clinical treatment in the early stage.

Objective To investigate the effect of peginterferon alfa-2a injection (PEG-IFNα-2a) combined with ribavirin (RBV) in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (1b) in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Methods The clinical data of patients with type 1b chronic hepatitis C in our hospital from May 2010 to October 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the method of treatment, the patients were divided into IFNα-2a combined with RBV group and PEG-IFNα-2a combined with RBV group. The rapid virologic response (RVR), early virologic response (EVR), and sustained virologic response (SVR) rate were observed in the two groups. The liver function, expressions of CD4+T and CD8+T cell of peripheral blood and the incidence of adverse reaction were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results The RVR, EVR, SVR of two groups was no significant difference (χ2=0.641, 0.946, 0.154, P=0.423, 0.331, 0.694). After treatment, the levels of ALT , AST, DBIL and TBIL in PEG-IFNα-2a combined with RBV group were lower than those in IFNα-2a combined with RBV group (P<0.05). Of the PEG-IFNα-2a combined with RBV group, the CD4+T level was lower and the CD8+T level was higher than that in PEG-IFNα-2a in the combined Leigh Bhave Lin group were lower than that in the IFNα-2a level was lower IFNα-2a combined with RBV group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of influenza-like symptoms, marrow suppression, somnolence and abnormal laboratory indexes between two groups. Conclusion PEG-IFN alpha -2a combined with RBV has a good therapeutic effect on type 1b chronic hepatitis C virus, and has good safety and clinical application value.

Bletilla striata has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for several centuries. In recent years, the quality and quantity of wild B. striata plants have declined sharply due to habitat deterioration and human over-exploitation. Therefore, it is of great urgency to evaluate and protect B. striata wild plant resource. In this study, sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers were applied to assess the level and pattern of genetic diversity in twelve populations of B. striata. The results showed a high level of genetic diversity (PPB = 90.48%, H = 0.349 4, I = 0.509 6) and moderate genetic differentiation among populations (G(st) = 0.260 9). Based on the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA), twelve populations gathered in three clusters. The cluster 1 included four populations. There are Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Xuancheng and Hangzhou. The seven populations which come from Hubei Province, Hunan Province, Jiangxi Province and Guizhou Province belonged to the cluster 2. The cluster 3 only contained Wenshan population. Moreover, Mantel test revealed significant positive correlation between genetic distances and geographic distances (r = 0.632 9; P < 0.000 1). According to the results, we proposed a series of conservation consideration for B. striata.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of β-catenin and p28GANK in residual hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)cells after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE).Methods We collected forty-five cases of surgical specimens of hepatocellular carcinoma after TACE ( TACE group ) and thirty cases of surgery without any treatment (pure surgery group).The expression of β-catenin and p28GANK were detected by using immunohistochemical SP method and compared between the two groups .Results The positive expression of β-catenin and p28GANK in TACE group were 77.78%and 75.56%respectively,which were significantly higher than those in pure surgery group (46.67%and 53.33%respectively,P<0.05).In the residual hepatocellular carcinoma cells of TACE group ,the positive expression of β-catenin showed correlation with the positive expression of p28GANK(Φ=0.318,P =0.033).The high expression of β-catenin and p28GANK were closely related to portal vein thrombosis and distant metastasis (P<0.05).Conclusion The ex-pression of β-catenin and p28GANK in the residual hepatocellular carcinoma cells were increased significantly after TACE.The high expression of β-catenin and p28GANK were closely related to portal vein thrombosis and distant metastasis.The high expression of β-catenin and p28GANK may be one of the reasons of hepatocellular carcinoma invasiveness and metastasis .