Liver cirrhosis recompensation refers to the process in which patients with decompensated cirrhosis achieve the disappearance of decompensated complications and restoration of liver function and clinical phenotype to a compensated state after etiological treatment or symptomatic treatment. In recent years， with effective control of the etiology of cirrhosis and treatment or prevention of decompensated complications， the clinical significance of recompensation has gained increasing attention. This article elaborates on recompensation from the aspects of definition， diagnostic criteria， influencing factors， mechanisms affecting long-term prognosis， and clinical management strategies， and with reference to the latest research evidence， this article also discusses the core value of recompensation in improving quality of life and reducing the risk of end-stage events， in order to provide a basis for optimizing the comprehensive management of liver cirrhosis.

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of postoperative pneumonia(POP)in tertiary general hospitals in Jiangsu Province,and provide theoretical basis for carrying out targeted pre-vention and control measures.Methods Surgery patients from 22 tertiary general hospitals in 12 cities in north,central,and south of Jiangsu Province from January 1,2022 to December 31,2023 were chosen as studied subjects,occurrence of POP was analyzed and compared.Results A total of 848 274 surgical procedures were performed in 22 hospitals,and 3 606 cases of POP occurred,with an incidence of 0.43％.The incidence in 2023 was 0.37％,which was lower than that in 2022(0.49％),with statistically significant difference(P＜0.001).The top three de-partments with high incidence of POP were neurosurgery(6.71％),cardiothoracic surgery(2.91％),and general surgery(0.77％).Among hospitals of different grades,the incidence of POP in tertiary first-class hospitals was 0.44％,which was higher than that in other tertiary hospitals(0.37％).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of POP between municipal and district/county hospitals(P＞0.05).The incidence of POP in hospitals with a bed:infection control full-time staff ratio＜200∶1 was lower than that in hospitals with the ratio ≥200∶1(0.39％vs 0.47％,P＜0.001),while the incidence of POP in hospitals with a proportion ≥30％of full-time staff being doctors was higher than that in hospitals with a proportion＜30％(0.45％vs 0.36％,P＜0.001).The incidence of POP in male patients was higher than that in female patients(0.62％vs 0.26％,P＜0.001).The incidence of POP in elderly patients aged≥65 was higher than that in patients aged＜65(0.73％vs 0.26％,P＜0.001).A total of 2 667 strains of infectious pathogens were detected,with the top three being Acine-tobacter baumannii,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,accounting for 28.95％,22.72％,and 15.45％,respectively.The detection rates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB),carba-penem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP),and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa(CRPA)were 60.75％,21.45％,and 32.28％,respectively.The detection rate of CRKP decreased in 2023 compared with 2022,with statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).Conclusion The overall incidence of POP in tertiary general hos-pitals in Jiangsu Province is relatively low,but there are significant differences among different hospitals.There-fore,perioperative prevention and control measures should be carried out based on the epidemiological characteristics of patients.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of neonatal patients with congenital idiopathic vocal cord paralysis (VCP).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the general condition,clinical manifestations,auxiliary examinations,complications,treatment,and follow-up of 41 cases of congenital idiopathic VCP at the Neonatal Center,Xi'an Children's Hospital,from January 2018 to June 2023.Patients were divided into unilateral vocal cord paralysis (UVCP) and bilateral vocal cord paralysis (BVCP) groups based on the side of the affected vocal cord.The Fisher exact test or Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare the follow-up indicators between the two groups. Results:A total of 41 cases (26 males,15 females) were included.All were full-term infants with a mean birth weight of (3 240.0±553.9) g.The median age at first visit was 3.0 (1.0,12.5) days.All 41 cases exhibited varying degrees of hoarseness,with 33 (80.5%) experiencing inspiratory stridor,10 (24.4%) having feeding difficulties,and 9 (22.0%) presenting with dyspnea and cyanosis.Serum vitamin D levels were found to be deficient or insufficient in 19 of 24 (79.2%) cases.Eighteen (43.9%) cases were misdiagnosed,and 4 (9.8%) cases were missed.Seven (17.1%) cases were complicated by laryngomalacia.Among the 33 (80.5%) cases in the UVCP group,30 (73.2%) exhibited left VCP and 3 (7.3%) had right VCP.Eight (19.5%) cases were classified in the BVCP group.Nine patients required respiratory support,with 2 undergoing tracheotomy.Ten patients with feeding difficulties received tube feeding,and some underwent swallowing and sucking training.A total of 37 (90.2%) cases were followed up for a median of 2 (1,5) months; 29 (78.4%) had no symptoms,4 (10.8%) showed symptom improvement,2 (5.4%) had persistent symptoms,and 2 (5.4%) died due to treatment interruption.The rates of symptom disappearance and improvement in the UVCP group were significantly higher than those in the BVCP group,while the rate of symptom persistence and mortality were significantly lower in the UVCP group (83.3% vs.57.1%,13.3% vs.0,0 vs.28.6%,3.3% vs.14.3%, P<0.05).No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups regarding the age of symptom disappearance ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Neonatal congenital idiopathic VCP is more prevalent among full-term infants,with most cases presenting hoarseness,vitamin D deficiency,and some associated with laryngomalacia.The condition is often misdiagnosed or missed,but most cases demonstrate a favorable prognosis.

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of postoperative pneumonia(POP)in tertiary general hospitals in Jiangsu Province,and provide theoretical basis for carrying out targeted pre-vention and control measures.Methods Surgery patients from 22 tertiary general hospitals in 12 cities in north,central,and south of Jiangsu Province from January 1,2022 to December 31,2023 were chosen as studied subjects,occurrence of POP was analyzed and compared.Results A total of 848 274 surgical procedures were performed in 22 hospitals,and 3 606 cases of POP occurred,with an incidence of 0.43％.The incidence in 2023 was 0.37％,which was lower than that in 2022(0.49％),with statistically significant difference(P＜0.001).The top three de-partments with high incidence of POP were neurosurgery(6.71％),cardiothoracic surgery(2.91％),and general surgery(0.77％).Among hospitals of different grades,the incidence of POP in tertiary first-class hospitals was 0.44％,which was higher than that in other tertiary hospitals(0.37％).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of POP between municipal and district/county hospitals(P＞0.05).The incidence of POP in hospitals with a bed:infection control full-time staff ratio＜200∶1 was lower than that in hospitals with the ratio ≥200∶1(0.39％vs 0.47％,P＜0.001),while the incidence of POP in hospitals with a proportion ≥30％of full-time staff being doctors was higher than that in hospitals with a proportion＜30％(0.45％vs 0.36％,P＜0.001).The incidence of POP in male patients was higher than that in female patients(0.62％vs 0.26％,P＜0.001).The incidence of POP in elderly patients aged≥65 was higher than that in patients aged＜65(0.73％vs 0.26％,P＜0.001).A total of 2 667 strains of infectious pathogens were detected,with the top three being Acine-tobacter baumannii,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,accounting for 28.95％,22.72％,and 15.45％,respectively.The detection rates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB),carba-penem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP),and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa(CRPA)were 60.75％,21.45％,and 32.28％,respectively.The detection rate of CRKP decreased in 2023 compared with 2022,with statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).Conclusion The overall incidence of POP in tertiary general hos-pitals in Jiangsu Province is relatively low,but there are significant differences among different hospitals.There-fore,perioperative prevention and control measures should be carried out based on the epidemiological characteristics of patients.

Objective:The aim was to analyze key indicators for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis B（CHB），including virus detection rate，standardized treatment rate，and loss to follow-up rate，in order to provide a basis for optimizing diagnosis and treatment plans，improve the diagnosis and treatment level of CHB，and improve patient prognosis.Methods:Patients with CHB admitted to the Guangzhou Eighth People′s Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University from January 2024 to January 2025 were enrolled. The datas were collected and organized using Excel. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 software，with a focus on evaluating core indicators such as virus detection rate，standardized treatment rate，and loss to follow-up rate.Results:The positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen（HBsAg）in non-specific patients was 28.95%，the antiviral treatment rate in specialized patients was 90.78%，and the standardized antiviral drug conversion treatment rate in low-level viremia（LLV）patients was 61.45%. The standardized antiviral drug conversion treatment rates for high-risk patients with combined kidney/bone injuries were 72.75% and 74.40%，respectively. The overall dropout rate was 10.47%，with a dropout rate of 13.80% for LLV patients.Conclusions:The antiviral treatment coverage rates in CHB patients were over 90%，but in certain groups（such as LLV patients and those with kidney or bone injuries），the standardized treatment rates were still low and loss to follow-up rates were high，suggesting the need to improve HBV screening，treatment for special populations，and patient adherence.

Objective:A novel grass-root community screening and management model of hepatitis B was developed in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment rate of hepatitis B in Guangzhou city.Methods:A three-tier collaborative framework［tertiary hospitals-center for disease control and prevention（CDC）-primary care clinics］implemented dual-track screening（fixed-site+mobile units）using rapid hepatitis B surface antigen（HBsAg）testing and structured surveys. Digital closed-loop management integrated screening，referral，and follow-up. Data were analyzed via SPSS 26.0.Results:Among 30 012 community-dwelling adults screened（Male∶Female=1∶1.68），overall HBsAg positive rate was 5.21%（1 565/30 012），peaking in the 50-59-year cohort（ χ2=271.80， P<0.001）. Hepatitis B knowledge awareness was critically low（39.24%）. Of 140 referred HBsAg-positive individuals，15 chronic carriers required no immediate antiviral therapy per guidelines. Treatment linkage surged from 32.8%（41/125）to 86.4%（108/125）post-intervention. aMAP hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）risk stratification（n=82）revealed low（36.6%），intermediate（32.9%），and high-risk（30.5%）profiles. Conclusions:This coordinated，digitally-enhanced strategy significantly improved hepatitis B detection and treatment access. However，persistent knowledge gaps underscore the imperative for targeted community education and adherence support.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of neonatal patients with congenital idiopathic vocal cord paralysis (VCP).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the general condition,clinical manifestations,auxiliary examinations,complications,treatment,and follow-up of 41 cases of congenital idiopathic VCP at the Neonatal Center,Xi'an Children's Hospital,from January 2018 to June 2023.Patients were divided into unilateral vocal cord paralysis (UVCP) and bilateral vocal cord paralysis (BVCP) groups based on the side of the affected vocal cord.The Fisher exact test or Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare the follow-up indicators between the two groups. Results:A total of 41 cases (26 males,15 females) were included.All were full-term infants with a mean birth weight of (3 240.0±553.9) g.The median age at first visit was 3.0 (1.0,12.5) days.All 41 cases exhibited varying degrees of hoarseness,with 33 (80.5%) experiencing inspiratory stridor,10 (24.4%) having feeding difficulties,and 9 (22.0%) presenting with dyspnea and cyanosis.Serum vitamin D levels were found to be deficient or insufficient in 19 of 24 (79.2%) cases.Eighteen (43.9%) cases were misdiagnosed,and 4 (9.8%) cases were missed.Seven (17.1%) cases were complicated by laryngomalacia.Among the 33 (80.5%) cases in the UVCP group,30 (73.2%) exhibited left VCP and 3 (7.3%) had right VCP.Eight (19.5%) cases were classified in the BVCP group.Nine patients required respiratory support,with 2 undergoing tracheotomy.Ten patients with feeding difficulties received tube feeding,and some underwent swallowing and sucking training.A total of 37 (90.2%) cases were followed up for a median of 2 (1,5) months; 29 (78.4%) had no symptoms,4 (10.8%) showed symptom improvement,2 (5.4%) had persistent symptoms,and 2 (5.4%) died due to treatment interruption.The rates of symptom disappearance and improvement in the UVCP group were significantly higher than those in the BVCP group,while the rate of symptom persistence and mortality were significantly lower in the UVCP group (83.3% vs.57.1%,13.3% vs.0,0 vs.28.6%,3.3% vs.14.3%, P<0.05).No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups regarding the age of symptom disappearance ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Neonatal congenital idiopathic VCP is more prevalent among full-term infants,with most cases presenting hoarseness,vitamin D deficiency,and some associated with laryngomalacia.The condition is often misdiagnosed or missed,but most cases demonstrate a favorable prognosis.

Objective:The aim was to analyze key indicators for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis B（CHB），including virus detection rate，standardized treatment rate，and loss to follow-up rate，in order to provide a basis for optimizing diagnosis and treatment plans，improve the diagnosis and treatment level of CHB，and improve patient prognosis.Methods:Patients with CHB admitted to the Guangzhou Eighth People′s Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University from January 2024 to January 2025 were enrolled. The datas were collected and organized using Excel. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 software，with a focus on evaluating core indicators such as virus detection rate，standardized treatment rate，and loss to follow-up rate.Results:The positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen（HBsAg）in non-specific patients was 28.95%，the antiviral treatment rate in specialized patients was 90.78%，and the standardized antiviral drug conversion treatment rate in low-level viremia（LLV）patients was 61.45%. The standardized antiviral drug conversion treatment rates for high-risk patients with combined kidney/bone injuries were 72.75% and 74.40%，respectively. The overall dropout rate was 10.47%，with a dropout rate of 13.80% for LLV patients.Conclusions:The antiviral treatment coverage rates in CHB patients were over 90%，but in certain groups（such as LLV patients and those with kidney or bone injuries），the standardized treatment rates were still low and loss to follow-up rates were high，suggesting the need to improve HBV screening，treatment for special populations，and patient adherence.

Objective:A novel grass-root community screening and management model of hepatitis B was developed in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment rate of hepatitis B in Guangzhou city.Methods:A three-tier collaborative framework［tertiary hospitals-center for disease control and prevention（CDC）-primary care clinics］implemented dual-track screening（fixed-site+mobile units）using rapid hepatitis B surface antigen（HBsAg）testing and structured surveys. Digital closed-loop management integrated screening，referral，and follow-up. Data were analyzed via SPSS 26.0.Results:Among 30 012 community-dwelling adults screened（Male∶Female=1∶1.68），overall HBsAg positive rate was 5.21%（1 565/30 012），peaking in the 50-59-year cohort（ χ2=271.80， P<0.001）. Hepatitis B knowledge awareness was critically low（39.24%）. Of 140 referred HBsAg-positive individuals，15 chronic carriers required no immediate antiviral therapy per guidelines. Treatment linkage surged from 32.8%（41/125）to 86.4%（108/125）post-intervention. aMAP hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）risk stratification（n=82）revealed low（36.6%），intermediate（32.9%），and high-risk（30.5%）profiles. Conclusions:This coordinated，digitally-enhanced strategy significantly improved hepatitis B detection and treatment access. However，persistent knowledge gaps underscore the imperative for targeted community education and adherence support.

Objective:To investigate the impact of residual cholesterol (RC) on the progression of arteriosclerosis in individuals receiving physical examination.Methods:A cross-sectional study. Participants aged 18 years and above who underwent arteriosclerosis testing at the Health Management Center of Zigong Fourth People′s Hospital from January to December 2023 were selected as the subjects of the study. A total of 9 016 subjects were included in this study, of whom 6 213 were considered to have arteriosclerosis. The physical examination conclusions, basic information (age, gender, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, history of hypertension, history of smoking and drinking), and biochemical indicators (lipids, fasting blood glucose, liver and kidney function) were extracted in those individuals. Based on the examination results, the subjects were categorized into arteriosclerosis and normal groups. The RC levels of the participants were calculated using a formula and then the subjects were categorized into binary and quartile RC groups. Additionally, four regression models were used to analyze the impact of RC levels on the progression of arteriosclerosis while adjusting for various confounding factors.Results:The RC level was (0.63±0.44) mmol/L in the normal group and (0.76±0.61) mmol/L in the arteriosclerosis group. Based on level of RC, the normal group was divided into two subgroups: 652 individuals with elevated RC level and 2 241 with normal RC level. In the arteriosclerosis group, there were 2 069 individuals with elevated RC level and 4 144 with normal RC level. Grouped according to quartiles of RC level, the number of individuals with RC in the Q1-Q4 interval in the normal group was 838 (28.97%), 752 (25.99%), 760 (26.27%), and 543 (18.77%), respectively, showing a gradual decreasing trend. The number of individuals with RC in the Q1-Q4 interval in the arteriosclerosis group was 1 414 (22.76%), 1 438 (23.15%), 1 589 (25.58%), and 1 771 (28.51%), respectively, showing a gradual increasing trend. The difference between the groups was statistically significant ( P<0.05). After adjusting for various factors by four regression models, it was found that elevated RC levels increased the risk of arteriosclerosis progression, with a odds ratio ( OR) of 1.381, 1.242, 1.233, and 1.214, respectively. Additionally, individuals in the Q4 RC level quartile had 1.502, 1.318, 1.311, and 1.284-times higher risk of arteriosclerosis progression when compared to those in the Q1 quartile. Conclusion:The impact of RC on the progression of arteriosclerosis tend to stabilize and remain consistent, indicating that elevated RC is an independent risk factor for the progression of arteriosclerosis.