Colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation poses a major risk to patients with colitis. Patients with chronic intestinal inflammation have an approximately 2-3 folds increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Unfortunately, there is currently no effective intervention available. Huangqin decoction (HQD), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, is frequently clinically prescribed for treating patients with colitis, and its active ingredients have effective antitumour efficacy. Nonetheless, the mechanism of HQD-mediated prevention of colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation remains unclear. A strategy integrating metagenomic, lipidomic, and messenger RNA (mRNA) sequencing analysis was used to investigate the regulatory effects of HQD on the gut microbiome, metabolism and potential mechanisms involved in colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation. Our study revealed that HQD suppressed colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation, which was associated with enhanced intestinal barrier function, decreased the inflammatory response, and regulation of the gut microbiome. Notably, cohousing experiments revealed that the transfer of the gut microbiome from HQD-treated mice largely inhibited the pathological transformation of colitis. Moreover, gut microbiome transfer from HQD-treated mice primarily resulted in the altered regulation of fatty acid metabolism, especially the remodeling of arachidonic acid metabolism, which was associated with the amelioration of pathological transformation. Arachidonic acid metabolism and the key metabolic enzyme arachidonic acid 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) were affected by HQD treatment, and no obvious protective effect of HQD was observed in Alox 12 ^-/- mice, which revealed that ALOX12 was a critical mediator of HQD protection against colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation. In summary, multiple omics analyses were applied to produce valuable data and theoretical support for the application of HQD as a promising intervention for the transformation of inflammatory CRC.

Prior to clinical application,reliability of percutaneous ventricular assist devices(pVAD)requires to be tested systematically.Currently,there's a lack of dedicated reliability testing equipment and methodologies for pVAD.Considering the structural and functional aspects of percutaneous ventricular assist devices,this study conducts research on pVAD reliability test engineering.Test setups,clinical conditions,failure modes,effects analysis,and evaluation models have been investigated.A highly feasible methodological approach for percutaneous ventricular assist device reliability assessment has been formed.This study offers valuable insights into standardizing their reliability evaluation in clinical settings.

OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution of airborne pollen in Cangzhou,to analyze the correlation between pollen characteristics,meteorological factors and the rate of allergic rhinitis visits,and to provide a reference basis for the precise prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis in Cangzhou.METHODS The gravity deposition method was applied to collect daily airborne pollen from the monitoring sites in Cangzhou from March to October 2022 and record the pollen species and quantities.We also collected information on allergic rhinitis patients who visited the ENT Department of Cangzhou Central Hospital during the same period and meteorological data(daily maximum temperature,minimum temperature,maximum relative humidity,maximum precipitation,and maximum wind speed at ground level)during the same period,and analyzed the relationship between the number of AR patients'visits,the amount of pollen,and the meteorological factors.RESULTS 1.A total of 229 pollen exposures were collected from March to October 2022,totaling 19 368 pollen grains,of which 18 750 grains of pollen could be identified in 19 families and 618 grains were difficult to identify the families.2.There were two peaks of pollen during the period,in April and September respectively.Spring pollen to tree-based category,to the pine family,willow willow family,Xylariaceae(ash)most often;summer pollen volume has declined,but still tree-based category;fall pollen to herbaceous category,to the Asteraceae Artemisia,mulberry,Gramineae most often.3.The pollen concentration in Cangzhou City was negatively correlated with maximum humidity,maximum precipitation,maximum temperature,and minimum temperature.Maximum wind speed at ground level was positively correlated with pollen concentration.4.Pollen concentration was positively correlated with the number of visits.The correlation analysis between daily medical visits from June to October and air pollen concentration showed a significant positive correlation,while the results from March to May showed no significant correlation.CONCLUSION The peak of airborne pollen dispersal in April and September in Cangzhou.Spring and summer pollen is dominated by tree species,and the dominant pollen is Pinaceae,Willow genus of Populus,and Xylariaceae(ash genus);fall pollen is dominated by herbaceous species,and the dominant pollen is Artemisia,Asteraceae,Mulberry,and Gramineae.Meteorological factors are important factors affecting pollen concentration.Within a certain range,the lower the maximum humidity,the lowest maximum precipitation,the lower the highest or the lowest temperature,the higher the pollen concentration,and the pollen concentration is more affected by the lowest temperature.There is a correlation between pollen concentration and the number of AR patients'visits from June to October,which can be used as an environmental early warning indicator of the prevalence of AR.

Objective:To quantify the diagnostic index of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori ( HP)-associated chronic atrophic gastritis (HpCAG), and to evaluate the efficacy of the quantified diagnostic index for HpCAG. Methods:The study was divided into two stages. The first stage prospectively included patients undergoing gastroscopy, endoscopic biopsy and 13C breath test from November 2021 to September 2022 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College. The capillary diameter (CD), cells spacing (CS), gland spacing (GS), and gland area (GA) in the pCLE field of offline video was measured with Image J. The diagnostic criteria of HpCAG by quantitative indicators under pCLE was established by analyzing the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). In the second stage, the cases with pCLE examination and 13C breath test at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College from October 2021 to October 2022 were included. The cases that overlapped with the first stage were excluded. The trial was single-blind, with endoscopists and pathologists blind to each other's diagnoses. The diagnosis of pCLE was conducted according to the criteria obtained in the first stage, and the consistency between pCLE diagnosis and the results of histopathology and 13C breath test was analyzed. Results:The first stage enrolled 191 specimens from 35 patients. According to the pathological results of endoscopic biopsy and 13C breath test results, patients and gastric mucosa samples were divided into 4 groups, HP-positive CAG group ( n=59), HP-positive non-CAG group ( n=52), HP-negative CAG group ( n=40), and HP-negative non-CAG group ( n=40). ROC curve analysis results showed that in HP-positive patients, the optimal critical value of GS to distinguish between CAG and non-CAG gastric mucosa was 29.68 μm, and the AUC was the largest among the 4 parameters. In HP-negative patients, the optimal critical value of GS for distinguishing gastric mucosa from CAG and non-CAG was 23.57 μm, and the AUC was the largest among the 4 parameters. In patients with non-CAG, the optimal critical value for GS to distinguish HP-positive and HP-negative gastric mucosa was 20.57 μm, and the AUC was the largest among the 4 parameters. In patients with CAG, the optimal critical values of CD, CS, GS and GA to distinguish between HP-positive and HP-negative gastric mucosa were 13.23 μm, 1.38 μm, 34.03 μm and 6 066.5 μm 2, respectively, and the AUC were 0.608, 0.888, 0.849 and 0.900, respectively. Finally, GS was selected to distinguish between HpCAG and non-HpCAG gastric mucosa, and the optimal critical value was 31.71 μm. However, considering that it was difficult to measure the distance of 31.71 μm by the ruler below the image, the critical value was changed to 30 μm, so GS>30 μm was used as the diagnostic criteria for HpCAG in pCLE, and the diagnostic sensitivity and the specificity were 91.5% and 76.0%, respectively. In the second phase 224 specimens from 80 patients were observed. The sensitivity, the specificity, the positive predictive value, the negative predictive value and accuracy of pCLE (GS>30 μm) in the diagnosis of HpCAG were 96.5% (164/170), 88.9% (48/54), 96.5% (164/170), 88.9% (48/54) and 94.6% (212/224), respectively, with excellent diagnostic agreement with histopathology and 13C breath test (Kappa=0.854). Conclusion:The quantitative monitoring of gastric mucosal microstructure can be achieved under pCLE, and the quantifying indicators are helpful to improve the accuracy of HpCAG diagnosis.

Objective:To analyze the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in Gansu Province and their changing trends from 2015 to 2018. Methods:Collect relevant data of malignant tumors in Gansu Province from 2015 to 2018,and calculate statistical indicators such as crude rates,age-specific rates,age-standardized rates,and cumulative rates(0-74 years old)stratified by gender,area,and age groups. Results:From 2015 to 2018,the crude incidence rate of malignant tumors in tumor registration areas of Gansu Province was 282.08/100 000(320.56/100 000 for male and 242.03/100 000 for female),and the age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population in 2000(ASIRC)and the age-standardized incidence rate by Segi's world standard population(ASIRW)were 216.75/100 000 and 216.63/100 000,respectively.The crude mortality rate was 171.78/100 000(212.02/100 000 for male and 129.53/100000 for female),and the age-standardized mortality rate by Chinese standard population in 2000(ASMRC)and age-standardized mortality rate by Segi's world standard population(ASMRW)were 133.77/100000 and 131.65/100 000,respectively.The incidence and mortality of malignant tumors began to increase rapidly in the age group of 60-64 years,reached the peak in the age group of 80-84 years,and then decreased in the age group of≥85 years.The top 5 malignant tumors were gastric cancer,lung cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,and esophageal cancer,with the top 10 malignant tumors accounting for 77.46%of all new cases;The top 5 deaths were gastric cancer,lung cancer,liver cancer,esophageal cancer,and colorectal cancer,with the top 10 malignant tumors accounting for 86.43%of all deaths. Conclusion:The burden of malignant in Gansu Province is still heavy.The incidence of tumors of the digestive systems,lung cancer and female breast cancer are still among the highest in Gansu Province.Primary prevention and secondary prevention approaches should be strengthened and cancer prevention and control models should be optimized according to the epidemological characteristics of malignant tumors,optimize cancer prevention and control models,in order to contribute to the implementation of healthy Gansu and healthy China strategies.

Objective To investigate the mental resilience of disabled elderly with suicidal ideation in nursing homes and analyze its related factors.Methods By using convenience sampling and the Chinese version of the Beck scale for suicide ideation,a total of 119 disabled elderly with suicidal ideation were screened from 8 nursing homes in Chongqing from May to October 2022.Then they were investigated with the general information questionnaire,the Memorial University of Newfoundland scale of happiness,the 10-item connor-davidson resilience scale and the hospital depression scale.Results The average score of resilience of disabled elderly with suicidal ideation was(1.58±0.70)points,which was at a lower level.There were statistically significant differences in the mental resilience of disabled elderly with suicidal ideation in terms of the nature of the nursing homes,the degree of disability and education,the length of stay,the frequency of communication with relatives and participation in collective activities.The mental resilience of disabled elderly with suicidal ideation was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms(r1=-0.631,P＜0.001),and positively correlated with subjective well-being(r2=0.652,P＜0.001).Among disabled elderly with suicidal ideation,the degree of education and subjective well-being positively predicted mental resilience,while depressive symptoms negatively predicted mental resilience(adjusted R2=0.521,P＜O.001).Conclusion The mental resilience level of disabled elderly with suicidal ideation in nursing homes is lower.Nursing homes should focus on improving the mental resilience of disabled elderly with lower educational level,lower subjective well-being and higher depression symptoms,so as to improve their adaptability.

Objective To analyze the seroepidemiology characteristics of Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection in children in Shenyang.Methods From June 2022 to May 2023,serum was collected from 12 083 children at Shengjing hospital of China Medical University.Serum capsid antigen(VCA)-IgM,VCA-IgG,EBV nuclear antigen-IgG(EBNA-IgG),and early antigen-IgG(EA-IgG)antibodies were detected using the LIAISION chemiluminescence immunoassay.EBV-DNA was detected using real-time PCR.Differences in antibody positivity rates between sexes,ages,and seasons of onset were compared.Results In 12 083 patients,the positive rates of VCA-IgM,VCA-IgG,EBNA-IgG,and EA-IgG were 9.95％(1 202/12 083),50.57％(6 110/12 083),46.03％(5 562/12 083)and 4.93％(596/12 083).The positive rates of VCA-IgM and EA-IgG were lower in male patients(9.09％and 4.44％,respectively)than in female patients(11.10％,5.60％;all P＜0.05).The differences in the positive rates for VCA-IgM,VCA-IgG,EBNA-IgG,and EA-IgG antibodies in children of different ages were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Differences in the positive rates of VCA-IgG,EBNA-IgG,and EA-IgG antibodies were statistically significant when compared between seasons(all P＜0.05).Fourteen EBV antibody-positive combinations were detected,of which the main combination was VCA-IgG and EBNA-IgG double-positive,with a total of 4 741 cases(39.24％).Of the 3 712 children who underwent EBV-DNA detection testing,3 034(81.73％)were EBV-DNA-negative and 678(18.27％)were EBV-DNA-posi-tive.VCA-IgG and EBNA-IgG double positivity was the most common in EBV-DNA-negative and EBV-DNA-positive children,accounting for 983(26.48％)and 194 cases(5.23％),respectively.Conclusion Both VCA-IgG and EBNA-IgG antibodies are main positive in children with EBV infection in Shenyang.The positive rate of EBV antibodies is lower in boys than in girls.The positive rates of EBV anti-bodies differ in children of different ages and seasons of onset.

Purpose To explore the value of CT large reconstruction matrix 1024×1024 combined with iterative reconstruction algorithm Karl in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.Materials and Methods A total of 500 patients who underwent chest CT examination at the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from October 2021 to May 2022 were prospectively collected,and the raw data of CT scans were reconstructed to divide into group A and B.Group A was reconstructed using a conventional 512×512 matrix combined with Karl 5 reconstruction;group B was reconstructed using a large 1 024×1 024 reconstruction matrix combined with different levels of Karl algorithm to obtain four subgroups,including B1(Karl 6),B2(Karl 7),B3(Karl 8)and B4(Karl 9)subgroup.The signal-to-noise ratio was calculated by measuring the CT and standard deviation values of the tracheal lumen above the arch of the aorta(tracheal area)and the avascular area of the upper lobe of the left lung(lung parenchyma).The overall image quality of the lungs in group A and B was evaluated by two physicians.The best image quality subgroup in group B was compared with the lesion display in group A.The diagnostic efficacy was analyzed based on the surgical pathology results.Results In group B,the standard deviation values of trachea and lung parenchyma gradually decreased and the signal-to-noise ratio gradually increased as the Karl grade increased compared with group A(F=675.002-2 020.903,all P<0.05).All subjective scores in group B were significantly higher than those in group A(Z=-15.361--6.465,all P<0.05),and the highest subjective scores were found in group B4.Some solid nodules(≤3 mm)and solid nodules(6.1 mm-≤3 cm)showed no statistically significant difference in clarity(Z=-2.000,-0.378,both P>0.05).Compared with group A,group B4 showed a 12%-100%improvement in nodule clarity.Only pleural depression sign showed the difference was not statistically significant(χ2=2.143,P>0.05).Taking 43 cases of surgical pathology as the gold standard,the diagnostic accuracy of group B4 was 65.12%,which was better than that of group A,which was 41.86%(χ2=4.674,P<0.05).Conclusion The combined application of the large reconstruction matrix and the Karl iteration algorithm results in superior image quality and facilitates the diagnosis of lung nodules.

Objective:To explore the correlation between transcranial sonography (TCS) combined with serum homocysteine (Hcy), blood glucose, blood lipids, the cognitive status of Parkinson′s disease (PD) patients, and to analyze the clinical application value of these parameters in assessing the cognitive status of PD patients.Methods:A total of 152 PD patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2020 to June 2023 were retrospectively collected as the PD group, and 101 healthy examinees matched for age and gender during the same period were selected as control group. Clinical data [age, gender, duration of illness, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, Unified Parkinson′s Disease Rating Scale Part Ⅲ (UPDRS-Ⅲ) score, Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) stage, etc.], serum tests (Hcy, blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein concentration), and TCS examination results (third ventricular width, midbrain area, peak systolic velocity of bilateral middle cerebral arteries, bilateral middle cerebral artery resistance index, bilateral substantia nigra hyperechoic area) were collected. The two groups were divided into pure PD group and PD group with elevated Hcy, pure control group and control group with elevated Hcy, based on an Hcy concentration threshold of ≥15 μmol/L. The differences in the above parameters among the four groups were compared. The correlation between Hcy and cognitive status (MoCA score, MMSE score) of PD patients and the above parameters were analyzed.Results:The MoCA score and MMSE score of the PD group with elevated Hcy were lower than those of the pure PD group, and the UPDRS-Ⅲ score and H-Y stage were higher than those of the pure PD group (all P<0.001). The order of Hcy concentration from high to low was PD group with elevated Hcy, pure Hcy elevation group, pure PD group, and pure control group. The differences in serum data and TCS data among the four groups were statistically significant (all P<0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed: ①In the PD group, the concentration of Hcy was positively correlated with glucose concentration, H-Y stage, low-density lipoprotein concentration, right middle cerebral artery resistance index, UPDRS-Ⅲ score, total cholesterol concentration, triglyceride concentration, left middle cerebral artery resistance index, third ventricular width, and age ( rs=0.422, 0.350, 0.348, 0.334, 0.325, 0.300, 0.293, 0.283, 0.221, 0.164, all P<0.05); Hcy concentration was negatively correlated with midbrain area, MMSE score, MoCA score, peak systolic velocity of right middle cerebral artery, peak systolic velocity of left middle cerebral artery, and high-density lipoprotein concentration ( rs=-0.328, -0.282, -0.245, -0.229, -0.224, -0.192, all P<0.05). ②Clinical data, serum data, and TCS data of PD patients were all correlated with MoCA score and MMSE score, with midbrain area showing the largest positive correlation ( rs=0.524, 0.516; both P<0.05) and H-Y stage showing the largest negative correlation( rs=-0.490, -0.468; both P<0.05). Conclusions:PD patients with elevated Hcy have lower cognitive scores than pure PD patients. The correlation between Hcy concentration and blood glucose concentration is the highest in PD patients, followed by H-Y stage. The cognitive scores of PD patients are most correlated with midbrain area and unrelated to substantia nigra hyperechoic area. Lowering serum Hcy concentration in PD patients may be one of the ways to delay cognitive impairment.

Objective:To assess the efficacy and safety of programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor combined with radiotherapy in advanced and relapsed / refractory extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL).Methods:Clinical data of 26 patients with advanced and recurrent / refractory ENKTL admitted to Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated with the PD-1 inhibitor combined with radiotherapy. The treatment responses, survival rate and and adverse reactions of the regimen were analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the 1- and 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate, and the Cox proportional risk model was used for univariate prognostic factorial analysis for PFS and OS.Results:The median follow-up time of 26 patients was 29 months (10-49 months). The objective response rate (ORR) was 85%. The complete and partial remission rates were 77% and 8%. The median PFS time was 25 months. The 1- and 2- year PFS rates were 73.1% and 53.3%. The 1- and 2- year OS rates were 88.5% and 75.3%. The main adverse reaction was acute mucositis with an incidence rate of 31% (8/26), followed by hematological toxicity. The incidence of immune-related adverse events in lung, liver and thyroid were low. Only 1 patient developed grade 3 acute mucositis, 1 patient developed grade 4 immune pneumonitis, and the remaining patients had grade 1-2 toxicities. All patients showed good tolerance. The univariate analysis showed that elevated lactate dehydrogenase, Epstein-Barr virus DNA positive after treatment, and less than 6 cycles of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy were prognostic factors for poor OS.Conclusion:The regimen of PD-1 inhibitor combined with radiotherapy demonstrates promising efficacy and well tolerance in patients with advanced and relapsed / refractory ENKTL.