Objective To understand the current situation of the management of patients'self-provided infusion drugs in secondary and above general hospitals in China,and to provide a theoretical and practical basis for improving the management system.Methods The annual pharmacy professional quality control work survey conducted by the National Pharmaceutical Management Professional Quality Control Center was used to obtain information on the management of patients'self-provided infusion drugs in secondary and above general hospitals in 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government)and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps of Chinese mainland from 2020 to 2022,and was summarized and calculated using data-processing software.Results The total number of secondary and above general hospitals included in the analysis from 2020 to 2022 is 4 786,5 063 and 6 041,respectively.In 2022,compared with 2020,the percentage of hospitals allowing patients to use self-provided infused drugs decreased from 55.08％to 48.54％,the percentage of hospitals that have established a system for managing patients' self-provided drugs increased from 81.54％to 98.09％,and the percentage of hospitalized patients' use of self-provided drugs that are all documented in their medical orders increased from 79.76％to 90.72％.The types of drugs that hospitals allow patients to use for self-provided infusion are mainly antitumor drugs,the places where self-provided infusion drugs are dispensed are mainly clinical departments(wards),and the main source of self-provided infusion drugs is self-pickup by patients.Conclusion Hospitals should establish a management system for patients'self-provided drugs,strengthen the information management of self-provided infusion drugs,and ensure drug supply and medication safety for patients.

Objective To understand the current situation of the management of patients'self-provided infusion drugs in secondary and above general hospitals in China,and to provide a theoretical and practical basis for improving the management system.Methods The annual pharmacy professional quality control work survey conducted by the National Pharmaceutical Management Professional Quality Control Center was used to obtain information on the management of patients'self-provided infusion drugs in secondary and above general hospitals in 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government)and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps of Chinese mainland from 2020 to 2022,and was summarized and calculated using data-processing software.Results The total number of secondary and above general hospitals included in the analysis from 2020 to 2022 is 4 786,5 063 and 6 041,respectively.In 2022,compared with 2020,the percentage of hospitals allowing patients to use self-provided infused drugs decreased from 55.08％to 48.54％,the percentage of hospitals that have established a system for managing patients' self-provided drugs increased from 81.54％to 98.09％,and the percentage of hospitalized patients' use of self-provided drugs that are all documented in their medical orders increased from 79.76％to 90.72％.The types of drugs that hospitals allow patients to use for self-provided infusion are mainly antitumor drugs,the places where self-provided infusion drugs are dispensed are mainly clinical departments(wards),and the main source of self-provided infusion drugs is self-pickup by patients.Conclusion Hospitals should establish a management system for patients'self-provided drugs,strengthen the information management of self-provided infusion drugs,and ensure drug supply and medication safety for patients.

Objective:To explore the application effect of special quality control management for thyroid and breast ultrasound in community hospitals.Methods:This study was a prospective interventional study. From November 2024 to March 2025, the Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Friendship Hospital conducted special quality control management for thyroid and breast ultrasound in 17 community hospitals in Chaoyang District. Through measures such as standardized training in thyroid and breast ultrasound as well as quality control investigations before and after the training, changes in the qualification rates of ultrasound image storage, report writing, and nodule grading accuracy for thyroid and breast in community hospitals before and after the implementation of this management were compared, A paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results:Thyroid ultrasound quality control effects: Image storage qualification rates significantly improved: the qualification rate of image adjustment increased from 62.94%±22.01% to 85.88%±14.17% ( t=6.35, P<0.001), and body markers application rose from 76.47%±4.93% to 95.29%±7.17% ( t=11.14, P<0.001). The qualification rates for nodule sections and blood flow sections both exceeded 95% ( P<0.001). In report writing: the qualification rates for items such as nodule location, measurement, and echo increased by 10%-25%. The description of nodule margins reached 100% ( t=8.79, P<0.001), and the description of echogenic foci features increased from 41.76% to 79.41% ( t=5.46, P<0.001). Nodule classification accuracy significantly improved: The guideline application rate increased from 55.29% to 91.18% ( t=4.84, P<0.001), and the classification correctness rate rose from 54.71% to 69.41% ( t=5.14, P<0.001). Breast ultrasound quality control effects: Overall improvement in image storage qualification rates: body marker application increased from 75.29%±21.54% to 97.00%±65.88% ( t=3.82, P=0.002). The qualification rates for nodule sections and blood flow section imaging both exceeded 94% ( P<0.001). In report writing: the qualification rates for items like nodule location, measurement, and echo increased by 10%-30%. The classification rate of the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) classification rate rose from 68.82% to 98.24% ( t=3.68, P=0.002), and the classification correctness rate increased from 57.65% to 70.00% ( t=2.74, P=0.014). Conclusion:The implementation of special quality control management for thyroid and breast ultrasound is an effective method to improve the quality of ultrasound medical services in community hospitals.

Objective:To explore the application effect of special quality control management for thyroid and breast ultrasound in community hospitals.Methods:This study was a prospective interventional study. From November 2024 to March 2025, the Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Friendship Hospital conducted special quality control management for thyroid and breast ultrasound in 17 community hospitals in Chaoyang District. Through measures such as standardized training in thyroid and breast ultrasound as well as quality control investigations before and after the training, changes in the qualification rates of ultrasound image storage, report writing, and nodule grading accuracy for thyroid and breast in community hospitals before and after the implementation of this management were compared, A paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results:Thyroid ultrasound quality control effects: Image storage qualification rates significantly improved: the qualification rate of image adjustment increased from 62.94%±22.01% to 85.88%±14.17% ( t=6.35, P<0.001), and body markers application rose from 76.47%±4.93% to 95.29%±7.17% ( t=11.14, P<0.001). The qualification rates for nodule sections and blood flow sections both exceeded 95% ( P<0.001). In report writing: the qualification rates for items such as nodule location, measurement, and echo increased by 10%-25%. The description of nodule margins reached 100% ( t=8.79, P<0.001), and the description of echogenic foci features increased from 41.76% to 79.41% ( t=5.46, P<0.001). Nodule classification accuracy significantly improved: The guideline application rate increased from 55.29% to 91.18% ( t=4.84, P<0.001), and the classification correctness rate rose from 54.71% to 69.41% ( t=5.14, P<0.001). Breast ultrasound quality control effects: Overall improvement in image storage qualification rates: body marker application increased from 75.29%±21.54% to 97.00%±65.88% ( t=3.82, P=0.002). The qualification rates for nodule sections and blood flow section imaging both exceeded 94% ( P<0.001). In report writing: the qualification rates for items like nodule location, measurement, and echo increased by 10%-30%. The classification rate of the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) classification rate rose from 68.82% to 98.24% ( t=3.68, P=0.002), and the classification correctness rate increased from 57.65% to 70.00% ( t=2.74, P=0.014). Conclusion:The implementation of special quality control management for thyroid and breast ultrasound is an effective method to improve the quality of ultrasound medical services in community hospitals.

ObjectiveTo analyze the long-term trends of the disease burden of diabetes attributed to metabolic factors in China from 1990 to 2019, and provide scientific recommendations for diabetes prevention and control in China. MethodsDescriptive analysis was conducted on the disease burden data of diabetes attributed to metabolic factors in China from 1990 to 2019, obtained from GBD 2019, encompassing death form diabetes, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), years of life lost (YLL), and years lived with disability (YLD). Joinpoint regression models were employed to analyze the long-term trends in mortality and DALY rates. Furthermore, the study examined the impact of two metabolic risk factors, high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels and high body mass index (BMI) levels, on the disease burden of diabetes. ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the overall standardized mortality and DALY rates attributed to metabolic factors for diabetes in the general population in China showed an upward trend, with both average annual percent changes (AAPCs) of 0.1% in the total population. The trend was upward in males with AAPCs of 0.9% and 0.6%, while it was downward in females with AAPCs of -0.4% and -0.3%. As age increased, the disease burden of diabetes attributed to metabolic factors showed an upward trend, with high FPG and high BMI ranking as the top two attributing risk factors. The disease burden of diabetes attributed to metabolic factors was higher in Chinese males than females. ConclusionThe disease burden of diabetes attributed to metabolic factors is increasing among the overall population and particularly among males, while the burden for female is declining. There is a need to increase intervention efforts for males aged 65 and above, provide scientific guidance on residents’ diet and lifestyle habits, and control blood glucose and body weight.

Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) is a liver disease characterized by steatosis, inflammation, and necrosis of the liver tissue as a result of excessive alcohol consumption. Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a xenobiotic nuclear receptor best known for its function in the transcriptional regulation of drug metabolism and disposition. Clinical reports suggested that the antibiotic rifampicin, a potent human PXR activator, is a contraindication in alcoholics, but the mechanism was unclear. In this study, we showed that the hepatic expression of fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) was uniquely elevated in ASH patients and a mouse model of ASH. Pharmacological inhibiting FABP4 attenuated ASH in mice. Furthermore, treatment of mice with the mouse PXR agonist pregnenolon-16α-carbonitrile (PCN) induced the hepatic and circulating levels of FABP4 and exacerbated ASH in a PXR-dependent manner. Our mechanism study established FABP4 as a transcriptional target of PXR. Treatment with andrographolide, a natural compound and dual inhibitor of PXR and FABP4, alleviated mice from ASH. In summary, our results showed that the PXR-FABP4 gene regulatory axis plays an important role in the progression of ASH, which may have accounted for the contraindication of rifampicin in patients of alcoholic liver disease. Pharmacological inhibition of PXR and/or FABP4 may have its promise in the clinical management of ASH.

OBJECTIVES: Patients with classical type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) require lifelong dependence on exogenous insulin therapy due to pancreatic beta-cell destruction and absolute insulin deficiency. T1DM accounts for about 90% of children with diabetes in China, with a rapid increase in incidence and a younger-age trend. Epidemiological studies have shown that the overall glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and compliance rate are low in Chinese children with T1DM. Optimal glucose control is the key for diabetes treatment, and maintaining blood glucose within the target range can prevent or delay chronic vascular complications in patients with T1DM. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the glycemic control of children with T1DM from Hunan and Henan Province with flash glucose monitoring system (FGMS), and to explore factors associated with glycemic variability. METHODS: A total of 215 children with T1DM under 14 years old were enrolled continuously in 16 hospitals from August 2017 to August 2020. All subjects wore a FGMS device to collect glucose data. Correlation of HbA1c, duration of diabetes, or glucose scan rates with glycemic variability was analyzed. Glucose variability was compared according to the duration of diabetes, HbA1c, glucose scan rates and insulin schema. RESULTS: HbA1c and duration of diabetes were positively correlated with mean blood glucose, standard deviation of glucose, mean amplitude of glucose excursions (MAGE), and coefficient of variation (CV) of glucose (all P<0.01). The glucose scan rates during FGMS wearing was significantly positively correlated with time in range (TIR) (P=0.001) and negatively correlated with MAGE and mean duration of hypoglycemia (all P<0.01). Children with duration ≤1 year had lower time below range (TBR) and MAGE when compared with those with duration >1 year (all P<0.05). TIR and TBR in patients with HbA1c ≤7.5% were higher (TIR: 65% vs 45%, TBR: 5% vs 4%, P<0.05), MAGE was lower (7.0 mmol/L vs 9.4 mmol/L, P<0.001) than those in HbA1c >7.5% group. Compared to the multiple daily insulin injections group, TIR was higher (60% vs 52%, P=0.006), MAGE was lower (P=0.006) in the continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion group. HbA1c was lower in the high scan rates (≥14 times/d) group (7.4% vs 8.0%, P=0.046), TIR was significantly higher (58% vs 47%, P<0.001), and MAGE was lower (P<0.001) than those in the low scan rate (<14 times/d) group. CONCLUSIONS The overall glycemic control of T1DM patients under 14 years old in Hunan and Henan Province is under a high risk of hypoglycemia and great glycemic variability. Shorter duration of diabetes, targeted HbA1c, higher glucose scan rates, and CSII are associated with less glycemic variability.
Adolescent ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ; Child ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy* ; Glucose ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/analysis* ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia/prevention & control* ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use* ; Insulin/therapeutic use*

【Objective】 To investigate the effects of RASSF6 gene on gastric cancer cells’ proliferation， autophagy， apoptosis， and sensitivity to oxaliplatin chemotherapy. 【Methods】 Gastric cancer BGC823 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into experimental control group （control group）， RASSF6 overexpression group （Oe group）， RASSF6 interference group， and lentivirus control group according to the expression effect of lentivirus gene. The changes in cell proliferation， cell cycle distribution， cell migration， autophagy， apoptosis and sensitivity to oxaliplatin in each group were detected， and the number of autophagy bodies in each group was detected by electron microscopy. Real-time PCR （qRT-PCR） and Western blotting were used to detect the expression levels of apoptosis- and autophagy-related genes in each group. 【Results】 Studies on the biological behavior of gastric cancer BGC823 cells induced by RASSF6 gene expression showed that compared with the control group， the percentage of G0/G1 phase cells in the Oe group increased， while the percentage of G2 and S phase cells decreased， with statistical significance （P<0.05）. The apoptosis rate was significantly increased （P<0.05）. The cell scratch assay showed that the scratch healing rate was significantly decreased （P<0.05）. Studies on the sensitivity of RASSF6 gene expression to oxaliplatin showed that compared with the drug group （L-OHP group）， the apoptosis rate of Oe+L-OHP group was increased significantly （P<0.05）. In the Oe+L-OHP group， the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 decreased， the expressions of Bax and Caspase-3 were increased； the expression of autophagosomes was increased； the expressions of Beclin-1 and P62 and the ratio of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3 were all increased （P<0.05）. 【Conclusion】 The RASSF6 gene plays a role in suppressing gastric cancer cell BGC823， which can increase the sensitivity to oxaliplatin chemotherapy by promoting apoptosis and autophagy.

Objective:To explore the effect of the application of hierarchical and special quality control in the quality control management of an ultrasound department.Methods:The hierarchical and special quality control method was used to control ultrasonic reports that were related to four quality control areas: basic quality control, deep quality control, obstetrical quality control, and critical value quality control. Changes in the qualified reporting and comprehensive clinical satisfaction rates before and after the implementation of hierarchical and special quality control were examined.Results:After the implementation of hierarchical and special quality control, the qualified rates of basic quality control, deep quality control, obstetrical quality control, and critical value quality control increased significantly. The comprehensive clinical satisfaction score was (90.58±1.79) points, which was higher than before the model was applied [(80.37±2.72) points], and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The implementation of hierarchical and special quality control measure can effectively improve the quality of ultrasonic diagnoses and comprehensive clinical satisfaction.