Objective: DUO-E/GOG-3041/ENGOT-EN10 (NCT04269200) demonstrated statistically significant and clinically meaningful progression-free survival (PFS) improvement with durvalumab plus carboplatin/paclitaxel, followed by durvalumab with or without olaparib, vs. carboplatin/paclitaxel alone (intention-to-treat [ITT] population) in patients with newly diagnosed advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. We evaluated efficacy and safety in the Japan subset of DUO-E. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage III/IV or recurrent endometrial cancer were randomized 1:1:1 to control arm (carboplatin/paclitaxel + durvalumab placebo [6 cycles] followed by durvalumab placebo + olaparib placebo), durvalumab arm (carboplatin/paclitaxel + durvalumab [1,120 mg every 3 weeks] [6 cycles] followed by durvalumab [1,500 mg every 4 weeks] + olaparib placebo), or durvalumab + olaparib arm (carboplatin/paclitaxel + durvalumab [6 cycles] followed by durvalumab + olaparib [300 mg twice a day]). Dual primary endpoints were investigatorassessed PFS for durvalumab and durvalumab + olaparib arms vs. control. This prespecified exploratory analysis evaluated PFS and safety in the Japan subset. Results: In the Japan subset (n=88) PFS favored durvalumab (hazard ratio=0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.32–1.12) and durvalumab + olaparib (0.44, 95% CI=0.22–0.85) vs. control; median PFS was 9.9 and 15.1 vs. 9.5 months, and the 18-month PFS rate was 37.0% and 42.1% vs. 22.2%, respectively. The safety profile in the Japan subset was generally consistent with the full safety analysis set and the established profiles of the individual agents. Conclusion Efficacy and safety in the Japan subset were generally consistent with outcomes in the DUO-E ITT population. This Japanese subset analysis of DUO-E supports carboplatin/ paclitaxel + durvalumab followed by durvalumab with or without olaparib as new treatment options in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer and is the first to report on these regimens in Japanese patients alone.

The incidences of obesity in school children of urban area were compared with those of rural area, using Rohrer index as a parameter of obesity.
Body weight and height were measured in primary schools of both areas on May, 1982. The subjects studied were 2054 boys and 1887 girls in the ages from 6 to 12 years.
Incidences of obesity in urban and rural areas were 7.5% and 8.6% respectively (p<0.05).
For boys, average incidences of obesity in urban and rural school were 8.1%, and 7.5%, respectively. For girls, they were 7.2%, and 7.6%, respectively.
These results showed that there were no significant differences in incidences of obesity between the two districts and both sexes of school children.
We also found the eight cases of fatty liver in obese children.They were six boys and two girls, aged from 8 to 15.
In 7 of eight cases, obesity started from early childhood. During the first six months of life, they were fully fed cows milk formula. Of the cases, one developed hypertension, and two had hyperlipidemia.
With accurate exercise and optimal nutritional treatment, obesity, hepatic involvement and hypertension promptly improved. However, three cases had frequent recurrences.
Abdominal CTwas examined in six cases of the eight obese children with hepatic involvement. They showed that there were low CT numbers of liver in obese children with hepatic involvement.
The usefulness of abdominal CT in terms of evaluation of fatty liver in obese children was discussed.