Task performance is an important concern in ergonomics. Task performance is often affected by adverse ergonomic factors, resulting in health and economic losses. How to utilize effective indicators to evaluate the degree of impact of adverse ergonomic factors on workers' task performance is particularly important. In this paper, we conducted a literature review and analysis on the impact of adverse ergonomic factors on workers' task performance, focusing on summarizing available physiological, psychological, and neurocognitive behavioral function test indicators for evaluating workers' task performance. This summary of existing evaluation indicators provided reference and guidance for future evaluations of the impact of adverse ergonomic factors on workers' task performance.

In September 2023， the Measures for Scientific and Technological Ethics Review （Trial Implementation） was issued， revising the provisions related to the simplified procedure for ethical review in Chapter 3， Section 3. This revision of these provisions provides systematic guarantees for further optimizing ethical review work， ensuring that ethical review procedure is well-regulated， and improving scientific research efficiency. The “simplified procedure” does not mean reducing the quality and requirements of the review. Instead， based on always following internationally recognized ethical standards and emphasizing not violating national laws and regulations， improving the efficiency of ethical review and subsequent research work， and promoting the development of life sciences and medical research involving humans. In practical work， it introduces numerous new opportunities and challenges for the improvement of ethics review ability， such as new tests on the judgment and decision-making power of ethics committees， how to ensure the reliability and controllability of the conditions related to the simplified review procedure， and how to determine the basic conditions for adopting the simplified review procedure for review. Therefore， to actively respond to the challenges and possible risks brought by the simplified procedure review， efforts should be made to achieve three “unifications”， including the unification of researchers’ moral autonomy and the heteronomy of supervision implemented by relevant departments； the unification of the standard formulation of the simplified procedure review and the review work in practice； and the unification of ethical responsibility and legal responsibility.

AIM: To investigate the changes of retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness, retinal thickness and blood flow density in different stages of diabetic retinopathy(DR)patients based on optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 382 patients(382 eyes)diagnosed with DR in our hospital from February 2023 to February 2024. According to the staging criteria, the patients were divided into mild group(n=121), moderate group(n=133), severe group(n=72), and proliferative group(n=56). The general clinical data of the four groups of patients was compared; OCTA was used to scan and collect data from all patients, and the RNFL thickness, retinal thickness, and blood flow density were compared among the four groups of patients.RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in age, gender, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and random blood glucose among patients in the mild, moderate, severe, and proliferative groups(all P>0.05). As the stage of DR worsened, the duration of the disease gradually prolonged(P<0.05). The thickness of the RNFL(superior, inferior, temporal, nasal, and average thickness)and retinal thickness significantly increased with the severity of DR(all P<0.001); however, there was no statistically significant difference in inferior RNFL thickness between the moderate and mild groups(P>0.05). The blood flow density in the superficial and deep retinal layers, as well as in the choroidal capillary layer, significantly decreased with the progression of DR(all P<0.05). Nevertheless, there was no statistically significant difference in superficial retinal blood flow density between the moderate and severe groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: OCTA can accurately observe the changes in RNFL thickness, retinal thickness, and blood flow density in patients with DR at different stages, which can serve as sensitive indicators for monitoring DR progression.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of real-world adverse drug events(ADEs)of trabectedin based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)database in order to provide references for clinical drug safety management.Methods A total of 1 349 trabectedin-related reports were extracted from the FAERS database from Q1 2007 to Q4 2024.Using the MedDRA coding classification system for system organ class(SOC)and preferred term(PT),signal detection was performed through 4 proportional imbalance methods,including reporting odds ratio(ROR)and proportional reporting ratio(PRR).Subgroup analyses by gender,age,and temporal trends were also conducted.Results Hematological and lymphatic system disorders and hepatobiliary system disorders were the primary SOCs involved.High-frequency PTs included neutropenia(123 cases)and anemia(117 cases).Eight potential ADEs that have not been listed in the drug product instruction were identified.The median onset time of ADEs was 21 d,showing an early failure pattern,with differences observed by gender(females more prone to hematological toxicity)and age(elderly more susceptible to febrile neutropenia).Conclusion Trabectedin requires close attention to hematological toxicity,hepatotoxicity,and newly identified multi-system potential risks.Clinically,monitoring should be strengthened based on time windows and population characteristics to optimize drug regimens.Countermeasure It is recommended to strengthen the full cycle monitoring of anti-tumor drugs,standardize the reporting of adverse reactions,and establish a multi-departmental collaborative research platform.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of eculizumab in treating hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) .Methods:This retrospective study included 11 patients who developed TA-TMA after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and subsequently received eculizumab treatment at Peking University People′s Hospital between June 2018 and May 2024. The incidence of TA-TMA, treatment details, and clinical outcomes were analyzed.Results:Among the 11 included patients [4 males, 7 females; median age: 29 years (range: 9-56) ], underlying diseases were severe aplastic anemia (SAA) in 5 patients, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in 3 patients, and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in 3 patients. The median time to TA-TMA diagnosis was 48 days post-transplantation (range: 4-213 days), and all patients met the diagnostic criteria for high-risk TA-TMA. The median interval from TA-TMA diagnosis to the initiation of eculizumab treatment was 12 days (range: 1-56 days). Patients received a median of 3 doses of eculizumab (range: 1-14). Ten of the 11 patients were assessed as having no response (NR) to eculizumab at the end of treatment or at death. One patient achieved a partial response (PR) but subsequently died after TA-TMA relapsed due to infection. At the last follow-up, all patients were either lost to follow-up or had died. The median follow-up duration was 88 days (range: 33-326 days), and the median time from TA-TMA diagnosis to the last follow-up was 31 days (range: 21-113 days) .Conclusion:Eculizumab demonstrated poor efficacy in this TA-TMA cohort. This might be attributable to the critical and complex condition of the patients, delayed initiation of eculizumab treatment, and insufficient dosage.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for the treatment of BCR::ABL-negative chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) and MDS/MPN with neutrophilia.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed 12 cases of CNL and MDS/MPN with neutrophilia that underwent allo-HSCT from March 2017 to June 2024, comprising 7 males and 5 females with a median age of 48 ( IQR: 28, 59) years. The 2-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), and transplantation-related mortality (TRM) rates were analyzed. Complications were also assessed. Results:Of the 12 patients, 6 received matched sibling HSCT and 6 received haploidentical HSCT. All patients had successful engraftment, and the median times of neutrophil and platelet engraftment were 17 ( IQR: 11, 24) days and 15 ( IQR: 9, 28) days, respectively. Grade Ⅱ–Ⅳ acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) and chronic GVHD occurred in 2 and 4 cases, respectively. The 2-year OS, DFS, CIR, and TRM rates were (65.6 ± 16.4) %, (41.7 ± 16.6) %, (47.2 ±18.2) %, and (11.1 ± 11.4) %, respectively, after a median follow-up time of 637 ( IQR: 330, 943) days. One patient died from treatment-related complications due to respiratory failure caused by coronavirus disease 2019. Two patients died due to relapse. Conclusion:Allo-HSCT can be applied as a safe and effective approach to treat CNL and MDS/MPN with neutrophilia.

Based on the theory of the liver's"using bitter herbs to nourish or purge"from Huangdi Neijing,this paper systematically elucidates the theoretical foundation for treating functional constipation from liver.Focusing on the physiological characteristic of"liver desires to disperse"and the pathological manifestation of"liver bitterness and urgency,"combined with the"liver communicates with the large intestine"theory,this paper establishes a diagnostic and therapeutic framework for managing functional constipation by regulating liver function.The pathological evolution of functional constipation manifests in three distinct stages:in the early stage,liver qi stagnation leads to large intestine qi obstruction,where damaged by an excess of seven emotions resulting in symptoms such as difficult defecation,abdominal bloating,and hypochondriac pain;in the middle stage,liver depression transforms into fire,scorching bodily fluids to generate dryness,thereby creating a pathological interplay of stagnation,fire,and dryness,which is marked by anal heat,dry mouth,and yellow urine;in the late stage,yin deficiency in liver and kidney causes large intestine malnutrition,resulting in a complex pathological state where yin deficiency,collateral blockage,dryness accumulation,and blood stasis intertwine,clinically manifesting as pellet-like stools(resembling sheep feces)and soreness and weakness of the waist and knees.In treatment,the formula design follows the principle of"sweetness to relieve,acridity to tonify,and sourness to purge,"with treatment principles varying across stages.In the early stage,the focus is on dispersing liver and regulating qi,and unblocking the zang-fu viscera;in the middle stage,the priority shifts to clearing heat-fire,nourishing large intestine,and promoting fluid production;whereas,in the late stage,the emphasis lies on nourishing yin,unblocking collaterals,and promoting blood circulation.This staged treatment of functional constipation overcomes the limitations of solely focusing on nourishing large intestine and facilitating feces excretion,thereby advancing the treatment of different stages based on syndrome differentiation and personalized treatment.It provides theoretical support for improving patients' intestinal function and enhancing overall health outcomes.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of precise disconnection of pargastric varices guided by endoscopic ultrasound in the treatment of esophagogastric variceal bleeding.Method A retrospective analysis was conducted on 20 patients with cirrhosis esophagogastric variceal bleeding treated with endoscopic ultrasound-guided precise disconnection of pargastric varices from January 1,2024 to December 31,2024.The efficacy was analyzed.Result All 20 patients successfully completed the precise disconnection of pargastric varices under the guidance of endoscopic ultrasound.The injection of tissue gel combined with the placement of spring coils(14 cases)and the injection of tissue gel alone(4 cases)successfully blocked the pargastric varices.All patients did not experience perforation,esophageal and cardia stenosis,massive bleeding,septicemia,or ectopic embolization.One patient who received tissue gel alone had slight bleeding from the pargastric varices after surgery and improved after 3 days of treatment to reduce portal vein pressure.Another one patient who received tissue gel alone had a low-grade fever and normal body temperature after 3 days of anti-infection treatment.Conclusion Precise disconnection of pargastric varices under the guidance of endoscopic ultrasound has a good therapeutic effect on esophagogastric variceal bleeding,with fewer complications such as ectopic embolization,massive bleeding,infection,and perforation.However,close follow-up observation is still needed to address the issue of pargastric varices.