The scientific interpretation of the theory of medicinal properties of TCM is a research hotspot in the modernization of TCM. It is of great value to clarify the property and degree of cold and heat in Chinese materia medica for guiding clinical precise medication. In recent years, the research on the cold and heat properties of Chinese materia medica has been carried out at the animal, cell and molecular levels. Based on the objective material basis of medicinal properties, from the perspective of biological effects such as thermodynamics and multiomics; with the help of infrared thermal imaging and other technologies for analysis; forming a variety of research models such as "property-structure relationship". Related research has developed from a single material component or index to a new model that tends to integrate multi-source information and multi-dimensional data. However, how to deal with the problems of large sample size, strong redundancy, high heterogeneity, and how to integrate multi-dimensional information are still research difficulties. With its powerful computing and learning ability, machine learning can show good discrimination and prediction ability in the study of cold and hot properties of Chinese materia medica, and play an important role in the study of cold and hot properties of Chinese materia medica. At present, the most widely used algorithms are linear discriminant analysis, Logistic discriminant analysis, support vector machine, decision tree, random forest and so on. The data dimension of the existing research needs to be enriched, the algorithm has room for further optimization, and a more detailed discriminant model of cold and hot properties of Chinese materia medica needs to be established.

Objective: To investigate the trends in mortality and life loss of gastric cancer in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2014 to 2023, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the prevention and control strategy for gastric cancer. Methods: The surveillance on causes of death data of permanent residents in Wenzhou City were collected through the Wenzhou Chronic Disease Monitoring and Management Information System from 2014 to 2023. The crude mortality of gastric cancer was calculated, and standardized by the data from the Sixth Chinese National Population Census in 2010. The life loss were measured using potential years of life lost (PYLL) and rate of potential years of life lost (PYLLR). The characteristics of mortality and life loss of gastric cancer in different genders and age groups were described. The trends in mortality and PYLLR of gastric cancer were analyzed using the average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: Totally 17 080 deaths were reported due to gastric cancer in Wenzhou City from 2014 to 2023, accounting for 12.58% and ranking third in the order of malignant tumor deaths. The crude mortality of gastric cancer was 20.73/105, and the standardized mortality was 15.22/105, showing decreasing trends (AAPC=-3.311%, -6.470%, both P<0.05). The crude mortality of gastric cancer was 29.22/105 in men and 11.61/105 in women, with standardized mortality rates of 20.81/105 and 8.74/105 (both P<0.05). The crude mortality of gastric cancer appeared a tendency towards a rise with increasing age (P<0.05), reaching the highest rate of 225.88/105 in the group aged 80 to <85 years. The PYLL and PYLLR of gastric cancer were 107 607.50 person-years and 1.37‰. The PYLLR appeared a tendency towards a decline from 2014 to 2023, with AAPC of -6.667% (P<0.05). Conclusions The mortality and PYLLR of gastric cancer in Wenzhou City appeared a tendency towards a decline from 2014 to 2023. Men and the elderly populations were the key groups for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.

Prunus mume is an ecologically and economically valuable plant with both medicinal and edible values. However, drought severely limits the promotion and cultivation of P. mume in the arid and semi-arid areas in northern China. In this study, we treated P. mume 'Meiren' with natural drought and then assessed photosynthetic and physiological indexes such as osmoregulatory substances, photosynthetic parameters, and antioxidant enzyme activities. Furthermore, we employed transcriptome sequencing to explore the internal regulatory mechanism of P. mume under drought stress. As the drought stress aggravated, the levels of chlorophyll a (Chla), chlorophyll b (Chlb), chlorophyll (a+b)[Chl(a+b)], and soluble protein (SP) in P. mume first elevated and then declined. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), effective photochemical quantum yield [Y(Ⅱ)], photochemical quenching (qP), and relative electron transport rate (ETR) all kept decreasing, while the levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and osmoregulatory substances rose. Transcriptome sequencing revealed a total of 24 853 high-quality genes. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were the most under severe drought. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs during the four drought periods were mainly involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, starch and sucrose metabolism, and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Furthermore, we identified 16 key genes associated with the drought tolerance of P. mume 'Meiren'. This study discovered that P. mume might up-regulate or down-regulate the expression of drought tolerance-related genes such as SUS, P5CS, LEA, SOD, POD, SOD1, TPPD, and TPPA via transcription factors like MYB, ERF, bHLH, NAC, and WRKY to promote the accumulation of osmoregulatory substances like sucrose and enhance the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and POD, thus reducing the harm of reactive oxygen species and protecting the structure and function of the membrane system under drought stress. The findings provide theoretical references for further exploration of candidate genes of P. mume in response to drought stress and breeding of drought-tolerant varieties.
Droughts ; Photosynthesis/physiology* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Stress, Physiological/genetics* ; Prunus/genetics* ; Chlorophyll/metabolism* ; Plant Proteins/genetics*

We studied the genetic diversity and established the DNA molecular identify for Prunus mume with both ornamental and edible values, aiming to collect, identify, evaluate, and breed new varities of this plant and promote the upgrading of the P. mume industry chain in northern China. We employed 13 pairs of primers with good polymorphism, clear bands, and good repeatability to analyze the genetic diversity and establish the molecular identify of 68 germplasm accessions of P. mume with both ornamental and edible values from Xingtai, Hebei Province. We then employed the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) to perform the cluster analysis based on genetic distance. After that, we analyzed the genetic structure of the 68 germplasm accessions based on a Bayesian model. The 13 pairs of SSR primers amplified a total of 124 alleles from 68 P. mume germplasm accessions, with the mean number of alleles (Na) of 9.538 5, the minor allele frequency (MAF) of 0.369 3, the mean number of effective alleles (Ne) of 4.483 5, and the mean Shannon genetic diversity index (I) of 1.712 4. The mean Nei's gene diversity index (H) of 0.763 7, the mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) of 0.719 5, the mean expected heterozygosity (He) of 0.769 3, the mean polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.733 6, and the mean genetic similarity (GS) of 0.772 9 suggested that there were significant genetic differences and rich genetic diversity among the studied P. mume germplasm accessions. The cluster analysis revealed that the 68 accessions were classified into three groups, with the mean genetic distance of 0.622 6. The population structure analysis classified the germplasm accessions into two populations. According to the PIC of primers, we selected primers for combination and constructed the combination with the fewest primers required for germplasm differentiation of P. mume with both ornamental and edible values. This study provides a theoretical basis for the innovation and industrial upgrading of P. mume with both ornamental and edible values in gardening and the improvement of breeding efficiency.
Prunus/classification* ; Microsatellite Repeats/genetics* ; Genetic Variation ; China ; Phylogeny ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; DNA, Plant/genetics* ; Alleles

Objective To analyze the core syndromes of patients with generalized anxiety disorder(GAD),explore the core pathogenesis,and offer innovative perspectives and practical strategies for the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)diagnosis and treatment of GAD.Methods The basic information of GAD patients was collected,and depression symptoms were evaluated with Hamilton Anxiety Scale to evaluate anxiety symptoms,Hamilton Depression Scale,and the TCM psychiatric and somatic symptoms were evaluated with Traditional Chinese Medicine Symptom Observation Form.Based on the data collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine symptom observation table,the systematic clustering method was used to cluster the symptoms with a frequency greater than 10％,determine the disease type syndrome and disease location syndrome,and form a syndrome symptom relationship table.According to this table,the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score of each patient is calculated.The complex network analysis was carried out to evaluate core syndromes and analyze the relationships between core syndromes and psychiatric symptoms and core syndromes and other syndromes.Results A total of 517 patients with GAD were included.There were 81 symptoms with a frequency of more than 10％,including 21 psychological symptoms and 60 physical symptoms.The clustering analysis led to a total of 12 syndromes,including 6 pathological syndromes,namely yin deficiency,heat,phlegm dampness,qi stagnation,blood stasis,and qi deficiency,and 6 disease location syndromes,namely liver,spleen,kidney,gallbladder,stomach,and heart.The results of complex network analysis show that the core pathological syndrome of GAD is kidney,and the core pathological syndrome is yin deficiency.The joint analysis of pathological syndrome and pathological syndrome network suggests that yin deficiency is the core of the integrated network.The relationship between yin deficiency syndrome and various organs is in the order of kidney,spleen,gallbladder,liver,heart,and stomach.The syndrome element of yin deficiency has the highest correlation with being easily frightened,excessive thinking,indecisiveness,repetitive behavior,and groundless worry.The kidney syndrome has the highest correlation with the symptoms such as being easily scared,unfounded worry,repetitive actions,excessive rumination,and restlessness.Conclusion The core pathological pattern of GAD is kidney and the core pathological pattern is yin deficiency.Kidney yin deficiency may be the core pathogenesis of GAD.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and genetic alterations of undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver (UESL).Methods:Three cases of UESL diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from 2020 to 2023 were retrospectively collected. The clinical, histomorphological, immunohistochemical, and genetic profiles were reviewed and analyzed.Results:The cohort comprised of three patients, including one male and two females, aged 7, 9, and 15 years, respectively. Tumor locations were in the right lobe of the liver in two cases, and in both the right and left lobes in one case. One case exhibited tumor rupture with hemorrhage. Gross examination revealed solid tumors in gray-red fleshy appearance, with areas of hemorrhage and necrosis. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of irregularly shaped spindle and polygonal cells arranged in bundles or sheets with varying density, scattered within a myxoid matrix containing giant tumor cells and eosinophilic globules. The tumor cells were positive for Vimentin, CD56, CD68, and bcl-2, with a Ki-67 index of 30%-80%. INI1 expression was retained, while p53 exhibited a mutant pattern. CKpan, CK7, CK19, EMA, HepPar-1, Arginase-1, AFP, CD34, S-100, Myogenin, and MyoD1 were negative. All three cases harbored TP53 missense mutations. Case 1 also showed MDM2 copy number amplification (class Ⅰ mutation), and case 2 exhibited a frameshift mutation in exon 10 of TSC2 (class Ⅱ mutation). Additionally, several class Ⅲ mutations were identified in all three cases. Germline testing for tumor-related genetic variants in case 2 revealed a missense mutation in exon 12 of DICER1, an in-frame insertion mutation in exon 8 of MSH2, and a missense mutation in exon 30 of TSC2.Conclusion:UESL is a rare malignant mesenchymal tumor of the liver, predominantly affecting children, with distinctive clinicopathological features and genetic alterations. TP53 mutations may play a key role in the pathogenesis of this tumor.

Objective: To investigate the trends in mortality and life loss due to falls among the elderly in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide the basis for formulating prevention and control measures for falls among the elderly. Methods: The data on fall-related deaths among the elderly aged 60 and above in Wenzhou City were collected through the Wenzhou Chronic Disease Monitoring and Management Information System from 2015 to 2023. The crude mortality was calculated and standardized using the data from the Sixth National Population Census in 2010. The life loss were measured using potential years of life lost (PYLL), average years of life lost (AYLL), and potential years of life lost rate (PYLLR). The trends in mortality and life loss among the elderly were analyzed using the annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: There were 11 378 deaths due to falls among the elderly in Wenzhou City from 2015 to 2023, with a crude mortality of 82.67/100 000 and a standardized mortality of 65.32/105, which appeared no significant changing trend (AAPC=3.401%、2.995%,both P>0.05). There was a tendency towards a rise from 2019 to 2023 (APC=12.592%、11.507%, both P<0.05). The majority of falls occurred at home, with 6 312 cases accounting for 55.48%. The primary types of fall-related deaths were slips, trips, and falls on the same level, with 8 541 cases representing 75.07%. The crude mortality and standardized mortality of falls in males were 76.63/105 and 60.86/105, which were lower than that in females at 88.72/100 000 and 70.33/100 000 (both P<0.05), and the trends were consistent with the overall population. The crude mortality of falls among the elderly increased with age (P<0.05). From 2015 to 2023, the crude mortality of falls among the elderly aged 60 to <65 years showed an upward trend (AAPC=4.860%, P<0.05), while no significant trend was observed in other age groups (all P>0.05). The PYLL was 5 123 person-years, the AYLL was 0.45 years per person, and the PYLLR was 0.37‰. From 2015 to 2023, PYLL showed an upward trend (AAPC=5.477%, P<0.05). The PYLL, AYLL, and PYLLR for males were 3.08 times, 3.48 times, and 2.67 times those of females, respectively. Conclusions From 2015 to 2023, the mortality of falls among the elderly in Wenzhou City had remained relatively stable. However, PYLL showed an upward trend. Males and older seniors were key groups for falls prevention. It is recommended to enhance health education and promote age-friendly home modifications to prevent falls among the elderly.

Objective: To explore the association between parent-child connectedness and romantic relationships of secondary vocational school students and the moderating effect of peers romantic behavior, providing scientific basis for family and school health education. Methods: From March to April 2021，2 426 students from six secondary vocational and technical schools in Shanghai and Shaanxi Province were selected to conduct the survey by combining convenience sampling and cluster sampling.Electronic questionnaires were used to collect data on students family characteristics,oneself and peer romantic behaviors, and parent-child bonding. The t-test was employed for inter group comparisons, and binary Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between parent-child bonding levels, peer romantic behavior, and the romantic behavior of secondary vocational students. Results: The mother-child connection (2.63±0.77) was higher than that of father-child connection (2.48±0.78), with statistically significant difference ( t =6.83, P <0.01). Multivariable Logistic regression showed that overall father-child connectedness was negatively associated with students romantic relationships( OR =0.86，95% CI =0.76-0.97， P =0.02)and was only associated to girls romantic relationships when stratified by gender( OR =0.79，95% CI =0.66-0.93， P =0.01). Peers romantic relationships were positively associated with students romantic relationships ( OR =3.19-5.12, all P <0.01), and there was a moderating effect of the association between maternal connectedness and boys romantic relationships ( OR =1.67, 95% CI =1.05-2.66, P =0.03). Among boys without romantic peers, mother-child connectedness was negatively associated with their romantic relationships ( OR = 0.60 , 95% CI =0.36-0.99, P <0.05). In the total sample of Shanghai and girls of Shaanxi, father-child connectedness was negatively correlated with the romantic relationships of secondary vocational school students ( OR =0.84,0.65,95% CI =0.71-1.00,0.50-0.85,both P <0.05). Peer romantic relationships exhibited a negative moderating effect on the influence of mother-child connectedness on the romantic relationships of males in Shanghai ( OR =1.91, 95% CI =1.03-3.57, P <0.05). Conclusions The father-daughter connectedness is negatively correlated with girls romantic behavior, and peer romantic behavior weakens the correlation between mother-child connectedness and boys romantic behavior. Efforts should be made to enhance the parent-child connectedness of secondary vocational students and their ability to cope with peer influence, providing proper guidance for adolescents heterosexual interactions.

Objective: To investigate the association between overweight, obesity, central obesity and hypertension, so as to provide the basis for formulating targeted hypertension prevention and control strategies. Methods: Permanent residents aged ≥18 years were selected in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province from June 2023 to August 2024 by a multistage cluster random sampling method. Data on demographic information, lifestyle, height, weight, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, and blood biochemical indicators were collected through questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. The prevalence of hypertension was calculated and standardized using the data of the Sixth National Population Census in 2010. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated to determine overweight and obesity, while WC was used to identify central obesity. The association between overweight, obesity, central obesity and hypertension were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression models. Results: A total of 38 593 residents were surveyed, including 19 481 (50.48%) males and 19 112 (49.52%) females. The median age was 46.00 (interquartile range, 26.00) years. The rates of overweight, obesity, and central obesity were 32.74% (12 634 individuals), 10.27% (3 963 individuals), and 27.87% (10 755 individuals), respectively. There were 11 813 cases of hypertension, with a prevalence and standardized prevalence of 30.61% and 24.41%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for demographic information, lifestyle, diabetes and dyslipidemia, the likelihood of hypertension in the overweight and obesity groups was 1.927 (95%CI: 1.815-2.045) times and 3.724 (95%CI: 3.404-4.073) times that of the normal BMI group, respectively. The likelihood of hypertension in the central obesity group was 2.346 (95%CI: 2.214-2.486) times that of the normal WC group. The likelihood of hypertension in the central obesity only, overweight only, overweight with central obesity, obesity only and obesity with central obesity groups was 1.586 (95%CI: 1.391-1.809), 1.704 (95%CI: 1.582-1.835), 2.433 (95%CI: 2.254-2.626), 1.768 (95%CI: 1.424-2.194), and 4.466 (95%CI: 4.053-4.921) times that of the normal BMI and WC group, respectively. Conclusions Overweight, obesity and central obesity were all associated with hypertension among adult residents. The highest likelihood of hypertension was observed among adult residents with both general obesity and central obesity.

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the regulatory role and mechanism of myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) in the invasion of Zika virus (ZIKV) into human glioma cells (U251).Methods:Utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 technology, MYH9-knockout U251 cells (U251-MYH9 KD) were constructed. Following ZIKV infection, the protein expression levels, RNA load, and viral titer of ZIKV were detected through western blot (WB), Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and plaque formation assays, respectively. The infection efficiency of ZIKV in U251 cells treated with the MYH9 inhibitor blebbistatin was assessed. The binding and internalization efficiency of ZIKV were measured in U251-MYH9 KD cells. The interaction between MYH9 and the ZIKV envelope protein (E) was studied using co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). The effects of soluble MYH9 recombinant protein and anti-human MYH9 antibodies on ZIKV infection were evaluated by qPCR and plaque formation assays. Results:It was found that knockout or inhibition of MYH9 significantly suppressed ZIKV infection in U251 cells. MYH9 knockout notably inhibited the binding and internalization of ZIKV in U251 cells. MYH9 interacted with the ZIKV E protein, and both MYH9 recombinant protein and anti-human MYH9 antibodies, by blocking the binding of ZIKV E protein to cell surface MYH9, inhibited ZIKV infection in U251 cells in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusions:MYH9 facilitates ZIKV invasion into U251 cells through interaction with the ZIKV E protein.