Objective To investigate the relationship between symptom burden and nutritional status under Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) constitution classification in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods Data on the physical constitution, symptom burden, and nutritional status of 640 patients with malignant tumors within the 21st–28th days of chemotherapy treatment were collected and analyzed. Results Symptom burden was found to have a positive correlation with nutritional risk and TCM bias (except for idiosyncrasies), suggesting that constitution bias may be an important internal factor for the aggravation of clinical symptoms and malnutrition in patients with cancer. Conclusion The relationship between symptom burden and nutritional status in chemotherapy under the guidance of TCM constitution can be studied to predict the nutritional status and symptom burden of patients after chemotherapy to guide the symptom and nutritional management of patients with cancer in the chemotherapy stage.

Objective To explore the research hotspots and development trends in the field of cancer treatment in the past decade. Methods The CNKI and Web of Science Core Collection databases were searched for Chinese and English articles related to cancer treatment published over the last 10 years. Bibliometric research methods were employed, including keyword cluster analysis of published literature. Results A total of 45 455 Chinese articles and 866 958 English articles were retrieved. Combining the visualization analysis results and the current research dilemma of tumor treatment revealed that the current research hotspots of tumor treatment domestically and internationally can primarily focus on four key areas. In the realm of targeted therapy, efforts are directed towards the discovery of new drug targets, overcoming resistance to targeted therapy, and the development of monoclonal antibodies and antibody–drug conjugates. In the field of immunotherapy, the emphasis lies in enhancing the response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitors, determining the mechanisms behind resistance to immunotherapy, and improving the safety of treatment. The research in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) covers evidence-based evaluation studies on TCM treatment, the identification of populations that can gain the most benefit from TCM, and strategies for improving the quality of life. In the area of novel drug development, cutting-edge technologies, such as organoid-based screening for anticancer drugs, synthetic biology, and artificial intelligence, are under investigation. Conclusion New targeted drugs, immune efficacy improvement, multidisciplinary integration, nano-delivery, and TCM innovation are the key research directions in the field of tumor therapy in the future.

Objective To prepare glucose transporter 1(Glut1)-targeted doxorubicin(DOX)-loaded liposomes(doxorubicin/polyphyllin H-liposomes,DOX/ppH-LPs)using polyphyllin H(ppH)instead of cholesterol as the liposomal membrane material,and to investigate their in vitro synergistic anti-tumor activity against non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods DOX/ppH-LPs were prepared using thin-film hydration,and the formulation was optimized by single-factor investigation.The optimized DOX/ppH-LPs were characterized for morphology,particle size,polydispersity index(PDI),and zeta potential with transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and dynamic light scattering(DLS).Drug loading DL%was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The storage stability was evaluated by observing in PBS at 4℃for 7 d,and the serum stability was observed in DMEM containing 10%fetal bovine serum(FBS)at 37℃for 48 h.In vitro drug release was studied in PBS at pH 7.4 and pH 5.0 values,respectively.Human NSCLC A549 cells were subjected as the model,MTT assay was performed to detect the proliferation inhibition by DOX/ppH-LPs at different concentrations(0.5,5.0,15.0 μg/mL)and the control group(ppH+DOX/LPs,a physical mixture of free ppH and DOX-loaded liposomes).Fluorescence microscopy was used to observe cellular uptake of DOX/ppH-LPs and DOX/LPs(containing 5 μg/mL DOX)at 15 min and 2 h.Live/dead cell staining was applied to assess apoptosis/necrosis induced by formulations(15 μg/mL DOX)after 48 h incubation.Transwell assay was conducted to evaluate inhibitory effect on cell migration and invasion,and the targeting property and in vitro synergistic anti-NSCLC activity of DOX/ppH-LPs were then comprehensively evaluated.Results The optimal formulation of DOX/ppH-LPs was determined as hydration temperature at 50℃,6 mg DOX,2 mg ppH,and 24 mg lecithin.The prepared DOX/ppH-LPs were in spherical shape,uniform distribution,and at an average particle size of 145.13±22.14 nm,a PDI of 0.15±0.05,a zeta potential of-23.92±1.73 mV,and a DL of 10.13±0.71%for DOX and(1.22±0.21)%for ppH.DOX/ppH-LPs maintained stable particle size,PDI,and exhibited significantly unchanged zeta potential after storage in PBS at 4℃for 7 d or incubation in DMEM containing 10%FBS at 37℃for 48 h,demonstrating excellent physical and serum stability.Both liposomes showed slow release at pH 7.4 value,while drug release was significantly accelerated at pH 5.0 value(P<0.05),indicating pH-sensitive release characteristics.MTT assay revealed that DOX/ppH-LPs exerted significantly stronger cytotoxicity against A549 cells than the ppH+DOX/LPs control group(P<0.05).Compared with ppH+DOX/LPs,DOX/ppH-LPs showed remarkably enhanced cellular uptake in A549 cells(P<0.05),with more DOX localized in the nucleus.Live/dead cell staining showed that at the same DOX concentration(15 μg/mL),the proportion of apoptotic/necrotic cells induced by DOX/ppH-LPs was significantly higher than that of the DOX/LPs control group.Transwell assay demonstrated that there were significantly less cells migrating and invading through the membrane in the DOX/ppH-LPs group than the ppH+DOX/LPs group.Conclusion Glut1-targeted doxorubicin-loaded liposomes(DOX/ppH-LPs)constructed by substituting cholesterol with ppH can target NSCLC cells,significantly enhance the in vitro synergistic anti-NSCLC activity of DOX and ppH.

The development of treatment of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) has gone through a dramatic transformation from radical surgery to conservative treatment, and now to a multidisciplinary comprehensive diagnosis and treatment model which combines minimally invasive and open surgery. Due to the complexity, rapid progression, and significantly individual differences, some patients of SAP may experience surgical emergencies such as gastrointestinal fistula, severe abdominal infection, massive bleeding, abdominal compartment syndrome, and severe biliary system complications. Conservative treatment has little effect and often requires decisive surgical rescue to potentially save the patients′ lives. Based on clinical practice and the latest literature, the authors introduce the concept of surgical rescue into the treatment of SAP for the first time, in order to explain the strategies of surgical rescue in the SAP disease process and the key points of implemen-ting surgical rescue in different situations, and to provide personal insights on how to improve the success rate of surgical rescue for further improving the overall cure rate of SAP.

Objective:To analyze the acupoint selection law of acupuncture for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using data mining techniques.Methods:Literature related to acupuncture for ASD was retrieved from the CNKI, SinoMed, VIP, Wanfang, and PubMed databases from the establishment of the databases to April 1, 2022, and then a database of acupuncture prescriptions was established. The frequency analysis of acupoint use was performed using Microsoft Excel 2019; the Apriori algorithm was used to analyze the association law of acupoints/acupoint areas; SPSS 26.0 was used to perform intergroup cluster analysis.Results:A total of 97 relevant articles with 97 acupuncture prescriptions and 98 acupoints/acupoint areas were included. The most frequently used acupoint was Shenmen (HT 7). The acupoint area of Jin's three-needle therapy and the Governor Vessel acupoints are commonly used. The most frequently occurring part of the acupoint/acupoint area was the head, and the most commonly used specific acupoint was the rendezvous acupoint. Association rule analysis yielded 40 groups of acupoints/acupoint areas, and the most commonly used combination was Laogong (PC 8) and Shenmen (HT 7). Four categories were extracted among high-frequency acupoints/acupoint areas by cluster analysis.Conclusion:Acupuncture treatment for ASD mainly selects the head acupoints, mainly selecting the acupoint area of Jin's three-needle therapy and the Governor Vessel acupoints, and paying attention to the use of specific acupoints.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture-moxibustion in the treatment of cerebral palsy-related speech impairment.Methods:A systematic literature search of 7 electronic databases was conducted between January 7,2000 and January 12,2021 to find randomized controlled trials(RCTs)examining the benefits of acupuncture-moxibustion combined with rehabilitation training to cerebral palsy-induced speech impairment.The included trials'quality was assessed using the Cochrane Reviewers'Handbook as a guide,and statistical analysis was carried out using the RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 17 RCTs with 1238 subjects were finally recruited and analyzed.When acupuncture-moxibustion was combined with rehabilitation training,the results showed a considerable improvement in speech impairment compared with the rehabilitation training alone.The most commonly used points for the treatment of speech disorders are Baihui(GV20),Speech Area,Zhisanzhen[Shenting(GV24)and bilateral Benshen(GB13)],Niesanzhen[2 Cun above the ear tip as the first point,with 1.0 Cun anterior and posterior to the current point as the second and third points],and Sishenzhen[1.5 Cun anterior,posterior,and bilateral to Baihui(GV20)].Conclusion:Acupuncture-moxibustion has a stronger effect on children's development of receptive and expressive language,as well as the developmental quotient.Acupuncture-moxibustion in combination with rehabilitation training is not only more successful than the control treatment,but also safer and more dependable.Baihui(GV20),Speech Area,Zhisanzhen,Niesanzhen,and Sishenzhen are the most widely used points for speech impediment.

Infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is a crucial reason for the poor prognosis of patients with acute pancreatitis,which is complicated and difficult to predict the outcomes. Surgery is an important way to cure IPN,and “step-up approach” is the mainstream mode of IPN treatment. In the era of minimally invasive surgery,the full course endoscopic treatment of IPN has been gradually hot and achieved good outcomes as endoscopic technology’ improvement. However,it is controversial that whether technique is better for IPN by surgery debridement or endoscopy drainage,and there is no consensus on the scope of applicability and the timing of intervention. The paper aims to explore the intervention methods,indications and timing of endoscopic and surgical treatment of IPN and elaborate the selection strategies of them in clinical practice,so as to develop individualized treatment options,accurately implement minimally invasive intervention and improve the prognosis.

Infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is a crucial reason for the poor prognosis of patients with acute pancreatitis,which is complicated and difficult to predict the outcomes. Surgery is an important way to cure IPN,and “step-up approach” is the mainstream mode of IPN treatment. In the era of minimally invasive surgery,the full course endoscopic treatment of IPN has been gradually hot and achieved good outcomes as endoscopic technology’ improvement. However,it is controversial that whether technique is better for IPN by surgery debridement or endoscopy drainage,and there is no consensus on the scope of applicability and the timing of intervention. The paper aims to explore the intervention methods,indications and timing of endoscopic and surgical treatment of IPN and elaborate the selection strategies of them in clinical practice,so as to develop individualized treatment options,accurately implement minimally invasive intervention and improve the prognosis.

Infected pancreatic necrosis is a complex disease which is difficult to deal with.Timely and effective removal of the infection is the core of surgical treatment.Accurate determination and location of the infected area as well as targeted drainage and debridement are the key to further enhance the overall cure rate of necrotizing pancreatitis.Combining the clinical practice and relevant literatures,the classification of infected pancreatic necrosis is tentatively proposed based on the site of infection and necrosis or treatment in this paper.Meanwhile, the diversified intervention methods in the new era and the issues that need attention in the concept of step-up approach are rediscussed, aiming at scientific planning of treatment strategies and targeted intervention methods to reduce patients′ mortality and improve prognosis.

Infected pancreatic necrosis is a complex disease which is difficult to deal with.Timely and effective removal of the infection is the core of surgical treatment.Accurate determination and location of the infected area as well as targeted drainage and debridement are the key to further enhance the overall cure rate of necrotizing pancreatitis.Combining the clinical practice and relevant literatures,the classification of infected pancreatic necrosis is tentatively proposed based on the site of infection and necrosis or treatment in this paper.Meanwhile, the diversified intervention methods in the new era and the issues that need attention in the concept of step-up approach are rediscussed, aiming at scientific planning of treatment strategies and targeted intervention methods to reduce patients′ mortality and improve prognosis.