The etiology of tumors is complex and influenced by multiple factors, including the host and environmental conditions. Allergy is primarily driven by the immune response of helper T cell 2 (Th2). Research has shown that the Th2 immune response is closely related to tumors, which is specifically manifested through Th2 antibodies, allergy-related effector cells and mediators within the tumors, as well as tumor immune-related functions. This internal interaction mechanism will increase the complexity and challenges associated with the clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumors and allergy. The formation of allergic constitution is shaped by both congenital and acquired factors, and its physical state is closely linked to the occurrence and progression of allergic diseases. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the relationship between tumors and allergic reactions from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution theory. Based on the four basic principles of the TCM constitution, including endowment inheritance theory, environment constraint theory, body-spirit composition theory, and life process theory, this exploration will focus on four aspects: genetic factors and internal disease causes, inflammatory environments and functional regulation, psychological disorders and emotional pathogenesis, as well as age structure and disease risk. Furthermore, from the perspective of constitution-disease relation of chronic disease prevention, this paper will discuss the significant importance of adjusting allergic constitution to improve both subjective symptoms and objective indicators of allergic reactions in tumor patients.

Mitochondrial dysfunction in chondrocytes is a key pathogenic factor in osteoarthritis (OA), but directly modulating mitochondria in vivo remains a significant challenge. This study is the first to verify a correlation between mitochondrial dysfunction and the downregulation of the FOXO3 gene in the cartilage of OA patients, highlighting the potential for regulating mitophagy via FOXO3 gene modulation to alleviate OA. Consequently, we developed a chondrocyte-targeting CRISPR/Cas9-based FOXO3 gene-editing tool (FoxO3) and integrated it within a nanoengineered 'truck' (NETT, FoxO3-NETT). This was further encapsulated in injectable hydrogel microspheres (FoxO3-NETT@SMs) to harness the antioxidant properties of sodium alginate and the enhanced lubrication of hybrid exosomes. Collectively, these FoxO3-NETT@SMs successfully activate mitophagy and rebalance mitochondrial function in OA chondrocytes through the Foxo3 gene-modulated PINK1/Parkin pathway. As a result, FoxO3-NETT@SMs stimulate chondrocytes proliferation, migration, and ECM production in vitro, and effectively alleviate OA progression in vivo, demonstrating significant potential for clinical applications.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.07.004.].

Dysregulated RNA splicing is a well-recognized characteristic of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, its intricacies remain obscure, partly due to challenges in profiling full-length transcript variants at the single-cell level. Here, we employ high-depth long-read scRNA-seq to define the full-length transcriptome of colorectal epithelial cells in 12 CRC patients, revealing extensive isoform diversities and splicing alterations. Cancer cells exhibited increased transcript complexity, with widespread 3'-UTR shortening and reduced intron retention. Distinct splicing regulation patterns were observed between intrinsic-consensus molecular subtypes (iCMS), with iCMS3 displaying even higher splicing factor activities and more pronounced 3'-UTR shortening. Furthermore, we revealed substantial shifts in isoform usage that result in alterations of protein sequences from the same gene with distinct carcinogenic effects during tumorigenesis of CRC. Allele-specific expression analysis revealed dominant mutant allele expression in key oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Moreover, mutated PPIG was linked to widespread splicing dysregulation, and functional validation experiments confirmed its critical role in modulating RNA splicing and tumor-associated processes. Our findings highlight the transcriptomic plasticity in CRC and suggest novel candidate targets for splicing-based therapeutic strategies.
Humans ; Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism* ; RNA Isoforms/metabolism* ; Single-Cell Analysis ; RNA Splicing ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism* ; Transcriptome

The scientific interpretation of the theory of medicinal properties of TCM is a research hotspot in the modernization of TCM. It is of great value to clarify the property and degree of cold and heat in Chinese materia medica for guiding clinical precise medication. In recent years, the research on the cold and heat properties of Chinese materia medica has been carried out at the animal, cell and molecular levels. Based on the objective material basis of medicinal properties, from the perspective of biological effects such as thermodynamics and multiomics; with the help of infrared thermal imaging and other technologies for analysis; forming a variety of research models such as "property-structure relationship". Related research has developed from a single material component or index to a new model that tends to integrate multi-source information and multi-dimensional data. However, how to deal with the problems of large sample size, strong redundancy, high heterogeneity, and how to integrate multi-dimensional information are still research difficulties. With its powerful computing and learning ability, machine learning can show good discrimination and prediction ability in the study of cold and hot properties of Chinese materia medica, and play an important role in the study of cold and hot properties of Chinese materia medica. At present, the most widely used algorithms are linear discriminant analysis, Logistic discriminant analysis, support vector machine, decision tree, random forest and so on. The data dimension of the existing research needs to be enriched, the algorithm has room for further optimization, and a more detailed discriminant model of cold and hot properties of Chinese materia medica needs to be established.

Objective To summarize and quantitatively analyze the academic literatures in the field of pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),and track the international research foci and trends.Methods Relevant research in the field of COPD pulmonary rehabilitation from 2012 to 2021 was retrieved from the Web of Science core database.Microsoft Excel 2019 and GraphPad Prism 8.0 were used for quantitative analysis of the search results,and Cite Space(5.8.R3)and VOS viewer were used for visual analysis.Results A total of 5 752 articles were obtained.The relevant articles increased gradually from 2012 to 2021.America and the United Kingdom issued a large number of publications,and dominated in this field.The League of European Research Universities was the most productive and influential institution.International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease was the journal with the largest number of publications.The most cited journal was the European Respiratory Journal.The essential articles in this field were diagnosis and treatment scheme,clinical guidelines,and evidence-based medicine.The main literature topics were pulmonary rehabilitation,mechanical ventilation,triple therapy,physical activity,and obesity.The research foci were COPD exacerbation,respiratory failure,mechanical ventilation,and oxygen therapy.Conclusion Pulmonary rehabilitation of COPD is a research field with great development.The current researches mainly focus on respiratory support therapy for patients with COPD exacerbation and respiratory failure,which may represent an emerging trend in this field.In the future,academic exchanges and research cooperation between regional institutions should be strengthened to remedy the imbalance in development between regions.

In recent years, the incidence of cancer in China has been increasing steadily. Advancing primary prevention measures for cancers could be an effective strategy to curb this trend. Diet has been considered a modifiable and shared risk factor for various cancers. Studying dietary patterns, with consideration of the interactions between foods and nutrients, has a practical implication for cancer prevention. This study provided an overview of dietary pattern extraction methods, summarized the research findings on the association between dietary patterns and cancers in the digestive system, respiratory system, and genitourinary system, and elucidated the potential mechanisms underlying these associations, in order to provide scientific references for future research in this field.

Objective:To investigate the immunomodulatory effect of mixed konjac glucomannan(MKGM)on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice.Methods:The immunosuppressed mice model was established by cyclophosphamide.After treatment with MKGM for 25 d,organ index,lymphocyte proliferation,macrophage function,NK cell killing,and cytokine secretion of mice were observed.Results:Immunomodulatory effect of MKGM was firstly enhanced and then declined.Compared to model group,there were significant differences in organ index,lymphocyte proliferation,macrophage function,NK cell killing,and hemolysin in the medium-dose MKGM group(P＜0.01).HE staining showed that the low-dose MKGM had the best effect on repairing spleen injury caused by cyclophosphamide.However,medium-and high-dose MKGM had relatively weak immunomodulatory effects.Conclusion:The appropriate dose of MKGM can play an immunomodulatory role in the cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice.

In recent years, the incidence of cancer in China has been increasing steadily. Advancing primary prevention measures for cancers could be an effective strategy to curb this trend. Diet has been considered a modifiable and shared risk factor for various cancers. Studying dietary patterns, with consideration of the interactions between foods and nutrients, has a practical implication for cancer prevention. This study provided an overview of dietary pattern extraction methods, summarized the research findings on the association between dietary patterns and cancers in the digestive system, respiratory system, and genitourinary system, and elucidated the potential mechanisms underlying these associations, in order to provide scientific references for future research in this field.

Objective:To compare image quality and diagnostic parameters of whole-brain CT perfusion scans under different scanning conditions and assess the utility of deep learning image reconstruction algorithm (DLIR) in reducing tube current during low-dose scans.Methods:Method A total of 105 patients with suspected acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were prospectively enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from March, 2022 to March, 203 and their baseline information was recorded. All patients underwent head non-contrast CT and CT perfusion (CTP) examinations. CTP scanning was performed at 80 kV in two groups with the tube current of 150 mA (regular dose) and 100 mA (low dose), respectively. The CTP images of 150 mA group were reconstructed using filtered back-projection algorithm as well as adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-V (ASIR-V) at 40% and 80% strength levels, which were denoted as groups A-C. The CTP images of 100 mA group were reconstructed using ASIR-V80%, DLIR-M, and DLIR-H, which were denoted as groups D-F. Clinical baseline characteristics and radiation doses were compared between the two groups under different scanning conditions. Furthermore, we assessed the subjective and objective image quality, conventional perfusion parameters, and abnormal perfusion parameters of AIS patients across the six groups of reconstructed CTP images.Results:Under the scanning conditions of 150 mA and 100 mA, 47 and 48 patients were diagnosed with AIS, respectively. There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics between the two groups. However, there was a significant difference in the mean effective radiation dose (5.71 mSv vs. 3.80 mSv, t = 2 768.30, P < 0.001). The standard deviation (SD) of noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) were significantly different among the six groups of reconstructed images ( F = 40.58-212.13, P < 0.001). In GM, the SD values in groups C, D, and F were lower than those in other groups ( P < 0.05), and the SNR values in groups C and F were higher than those in other groups ( P < 0.05). In WM, the SD and SNR values in groups C and F were significantly different from those in other groups ( P < 0.05). Additionally, CNR values in groups C and F were higher than those in other groups ( P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in subjective scores among groups B, C, and F ( P > 0.05). Regarding perfusion parameters in the brain GM, groups D and E had lower cerebral blood volume (CBV) values compared to groups A to C ( P < 0.05), and group F had lower CBV values than group B ( P < 0.05). In the brain WM, group D had consistently lower mean transit time (MTT) values compared to the other groups ( P < 0.05). Notably, there were no significant differences in AIS lesion detection rates and relevant diagnostic parameters across the six image groups. Conclusions:Low-tube current CTP scan combined with the DLIR-H algorithm can enhance image quality without affecting perfusion parameters such as CBV and MTT, while reducing radiation dose by 30%. This algorithm can be routinely applied in brain CTP examinations.