Objective:To explore the current status and influencing factors of family resilience in primary caregivers of advanced cancer patients.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to select the primary caregivers of advanced cancer patients from the Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology at Beijing Cancer Hospital, between July 2023 and March 2024. A questionnaire survey was conducted using a general information survey, the Family Hardiness Index, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and subscales for intimacy, emotional expression, and conflict in the Family Environment Scale.Results:A total of 130 questionnaires were distributed, and 120 valid questionnaires were returned, resulting in an effective response rate of 92.31%. The family Hardiness Index score of the 120 primary caregivers was (61.03±6.44) , with scores for the responsibility dimension at (29.35±3.32) , the control dimension at (16.97±2.78) , and the challenge dimension at (14.72±2.17) . The General Self-Efficacy Scale score was (2.60±0.57) , and the Family Environment Scale scores were as follows: intimacy (8.13±1.45) , emotional expression (5.40±1.71) , and conflict 2.00 (1.00, 3.00) . Multiple linear regression analysis showed that emotional expression in the family environment ( P=0.001) , self-efficacy ( P<0.001) , and marital status ( P=0.017) were significant factors influencing family resilience in primary caregivers, explaining 27.2% of the total variance. Conclusions:The family resilience of primary caregivers of advanced cancer patients is at a moderate to high level. Caregivers with spouses, better emotional expression among family members, and higher self-efficacy tend to have higher levels of family resilience.

Objective:To construct an indicator system for a nursing science and technology innovation curriculum guided by innovation competence, in order to provide a reference for cultivating innovation ability in nursing students.Methods:The overall research period was from March to December 2024. A nursing innovation curriculum indicator framework was initially developed through literature analysis and brainstorming. From October to December 2024, 19 experts from nine hospitals or universities across five provinces and cities were selected via purposive sampling to participate in two rounds of Delphi consultation. Revisions were made based on expert feedback.Results:Both rounds of expert consultation achieved a 100% response rate. The authority coefficient of the experts was 0.92. The final indicator system included four curriculum elements: course content, course objectives, teaching methods, and assessment, encompassing 14 first-level indicators and 40 second-level indicators.Conclusions:The innovation-oriented indicator system for nursing science and technology education demonstrates good scientific validity and reliability. It offers a foundational framework for advancing innovation-focused nursing education and curriculum design.

The lung collaterals form a network that branches from the lung meridian, traversing the lung system and extending across the body′s surface. Lung collateral disease refers to the structural alterations or dysfunction in these collaterals caused by external or internal pathogens. Research into the structural and physiological functions of children′s lung collaterals, as well as the pathogenesis and syndrome differentiation for treating lung collateral diseases in children, holds significant value in guiding the prevention and treatment of pediatric respiratory conditions. Drawing on the theory of collateral disease, the clinical insights of both historical and contemporary physicians, and modern research findings—while considering the unique physiological and pathological characteristics of children′s respiratory systems—this study provides a foundational summary of the morphology and spatial distribution of children′s lung collaterals. The characteristics of these collaterals are highlighted as thin, sparse, short, narrow, brittle, and tender. From this structural understanding, the unique physiological functions of children′s lung collaterals are analyzed. The study further explores the interactions between pathogenic factors and lung collaterals, elucidating the pathogenesis and progression of children′s lung collateral diseases. It proposes treatment principles centered on "seeking treatment in the collaterals and employing the method of unblocking collaterals, "which align with the unique features of pediatric lung collaterals. Common treatment approaches, and relevant prescriptions for managing these diseases are summarized. This paper lays the foundation for a theoretical system encompassing the structure, function, pathogenesis, and syndrome differentiation for treating children′s lung collateral diseases. It offers valuable insights for the clinical diagnosis and management of pediatric respiratory diseases linked to collateral dysfunction and serves as a reference for the systematic development of a broader theoretical framework for children′s collateral diseases.

Objective To develop an expert consensus on the subcutaneous injection of targeted drugs for breast cancer,to guide clinical nursing practice.Methods A consensus building group was established to create the initial draft of the consensus based on a review of literature.From December 2023 to February 2024,a total of 84 experts from various fields including breast cancer clinical nursing or medical practice,pharmacology,cancer hospital nursing or medical management were invited to participate in 2 rounds of expert letter consultations.Additionally,an on-site expert discussion meeting and an online expert finalization meeting were conducted to finalize the draft"consensus".Results The finalized consensus includes sections covering basic drug introduction,drug injection nursing(injection personnel,injection preparation,injection points,observation and recording after injection),nursing care for adverse reactions,patient education and follow-up.Conclusion This consensus is scientific and practical.It can serve as a valuable reference for clinical practice related to subcutaneous therapy using targeted drugs for breast cancer.

Objective:To construct a health education checklist for safety management of oral antitumor drugs in tumor patients, so as to provide a guidance for clinical nurses in practice, thereby improving the drug safety of patients taking oral antitumor drugs.Methods:Based on the cognition-behavior theoretical framework, a preliminary draft of a health education checklist for safety management of oral antitumor drugs in tumor patients was developed through literature review. The Delphi method was used to conduct consultations with 17 experts from July to September 2024 to revise and add or delete the contents of the checklist based on the experts' assignments of importance to the indicators at each level and the textual comments made.Results:A total of two rounds of expert consultation were conducted. The final established health education checklist for safety management of oral antitumor drugs in tumor patients included 4 primary and 28 secondary indicators. In the two rounds of consultation, the positive coefficient of experts was 100.0%, the coefficient of expert authority was 0.93, the coefficients of variation for the two rounds of expert ratings were 0 to 0.173 and 0 to 0.151, and the coefficients of Kendall's concordance were 0.141 (χ 2=74.461, P<0.001) and 0.113 (χ 2=59.549, P=0.002) , respectively. Conclusions:The health education checklist for safety management of oral antitumor drugs in tumor patients has good scientific, reliable and clinical practical value, which can provide scientific, standardized and convenient practical guidance for clinical nurses to implement health education on drug safety management for patients taking oral antitumor drugs.

Neuroinflammation refers to a widespread immune response within central nervous system.T lymphocytes,as main effector cells in cellular immunity,regulate activity of astrocytes through cytokines secretion by various subgroups and participate in pathological process of neuroinflammation.Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in central nervous system.Astrocytes activated by T lymphocytes produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and other inflammatory mediators,alter structure of tight junction,contribute to breakdown of blood-brain barrier,and provide conditions for immune cells to migrate to central nervous system.This review is based on integrity of blood-brain barrier and briefly explores crosstalk mechanism between astrocytes and T lymphocytes in neuroinflammatory diseases,including Alzheimer's disease,multiple sclerosis,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,viral encephalitis and migraine,in order to provide new potential biomarkers and directions for treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of secondary transport on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for critically ill children.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study. Data from 222 pediatric patients who underwent ECMO transport from May 2019 to May 2024 at 5 ECMO centers and Chinese Database of Pediatric Extracorporeal Life Support Organization were collected. The cases were divided into primary and secondary transport groups by nature of transport. The clinical data, including demographics, ECMO indications, transport distance, pre-transport lab results, prognosis and complications were analyzed. Two independent samples t-test, Wilcoxon test, and χ2 test or Fisher′s exact probability method were used to compare the differences between 2 groups and evaluate the safety and efficacy of secondary transport. Results:Among the 222 children transported with ECMO, there were 135 males and 87 females, with an age of 3.0 (0.2, 7.0) years. There were 202 cases in the primary transport group and 20 cases in the secondary transport group. All secondary transport patients had failed attempts at weaning ECMO before transfer. The patients in the secondary transport group were older, had higher rates of surgical cannulation, circulatory support, and pre-ECMO lactate levels compared to the primary transport group (7.0 (2.8, 10.0) vs. 3.0 (0.2, 6.0) years old, 55.0% (11/20) vs. 3.6% (7/202), 80.0% (16/20) vs. 41.6% (84/202), (10±4) vs. (7±6) mmol/L, Z=3.41, χ 2=66.31, 10.99, t=2.24, all P<0.05). In the secondary transport group, the vasoactive-inotropic scores of patients on circulatory support and the oxygenation index for patients requiring respiratory support were higher than those in the primary transport group (83±33 vs. 82±68, 51.0±1.8 vs. 37.4±10.2, t=2.36, 2.63, respectively; both P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups in sex, transport distance, pre-ECMO creatinine, arterial blood gas BE values, and ECMO duration (all P>0.05). No life-threatening complications occurred during the transport in either group. Two patients in the secondary transport group underwent heart transplantation, and 1 patient underwent radiofrequency ablation. The overall survival rate between the 2 groups showed no statistically significant difference (45.0% (9/20) vs. 55.4% (112/202), χ2=1.15, P>0.05). Conclusions:Secondary ECMO transport for critically ill children don't increase mortality or life-threatening complications during transport. ECMO patients who cannot receive effective treatment locally can benefit from secondary transport to an advanced ECMO center provides further treatment opportunities.

Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) are a structurally diverse group of plant metabolites renowned for their pharmacological properties. However, sustainable sources for these compounds remain limited. Consequently, researchers are focusing on elucidating BIA biosynthetic pathways and genes to explore alternative sources using synthetic biology approaches. CYP80B, a family of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes, plays a crucial role in BIA biosynthesis. Previously reported CYP80Bs are known to catalyze the 3'-hydroxylation of (S)-N-methylcoclaurine, with the N-methyl group essential for catalytic activity. In this study, we successfully cloned a full-length CYP80B gene (StCYP80B) from Stephania tetrandra (S. tetrandra) and identified its function using a yeast heterologous expression system. Both in vivo yeast feeding and in vitro enzyme analysis demonstrated that StCYP80B could catalyze N-methylcoclaurine and coclaurine into their respective 3'-hydroxylated products. Notably, StCYP80B exhibited an expanded substrate selectivity compared to previously reported wild-type CYP80Bs, as it did not require an N-methyl group for hydroxylase activity. Furthermore, StCYP80B displayed a clear preference for the (S)-configuration. Co-expression of StCYP80B with the CYP450 reductases (CPRs, StCPR1, and StCPR2), also cloned from S. tetrandra, significantly enhanced the catalytic activity towards (S)-coclaurine. Site-directed mutagenesis of StCYP80B revealed that the residue H205 is crucial for coclaurine catalysis. Additionally, StCYP80B exhibited tissue-specific expression in plants. This study provides new genetic resources for the biosynthesis of BIAs and further elucidates their synthetic pathway in natural plant systems.
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/chemistry* ; Benzylisoquinolines/chemistry* ; Hydroxylation ; Plant Proteins/chemistry* ; Alkaloids/metabolism* ; Stephania tetrandra/genetics*

Objective:To construct an indicator system for a nursing science and technology innovation curriculum guided by innovation competence, in order to provide a reference for cultivating innovation ability in nursing students.Methods:The overall research period was from March to December 2024. A nursing innovation curriculum indicator framework was initially developed through literature analysis and brainstorming. From October to December 2024, 19 experts from nine hospitals or universities across five provinces and cities were selected via purposive sampling to participate in two rounds of Delphi consultation. Revisions were made based on expert feedback.Results:Both rounds of expert consultation achieved a 100% response rate. The authority coefficient of the experts was 0.92. The final indicator system included four curriculum elements: course content, course objectives, teaching methods, and assessment, encompassing 14 first-level indicators and 40 second-level indicators.Conclusions:The innovation-oriented indicator system for nursing science and technology education demonstrates good scientific validity and reliability. It offers a foundational framework for advancing innovation-focused nursing education and curriculum design.

Neuroinflammation refers to a widespread immune response within central nervous system.T lymphocytes,as main effector cells in cellular immunity,regulate activity of astrocytes through cytokines secretion by various subgroups and participate in pathological process of neuroinflammation.Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in central nervous system.Astrocytes activated by T lymphocytes produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and other inflammatory mediators,alter structure of tight junction,contribute to breakdown of blood-brain barrier,and provide conditions for immune cells to migrate to central nervous system.This review is based on integrity of blood-brain barrier and briefly explores crosstalk mechanism between astrocytes and T lymphocytes in neuroinflammatory diseases,including Alzheimer's disease,multiple sclerosis,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,viral encephalitis and migraine,in order to provide new potential biomarkers and directions for treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases.