AIM: To explore the factors associated with significant corneal astigmatism during the perioperative period in patients with pterygium. METHODS: Patients with primary pterygium presenting at Shanxi Eye Hospital between February and June 2025 were enrolled. All patients underwent medical history collection. Pre- and postoperative data were obtained using Pentacam, anterior segment photography, Image J software, and anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT). All patients underwent pterygium excision combined with autologous bulbar conjunctival flap transplantation under local infiltration anesthesia. RESULTS: A total of 76 patients(76 eyes)with pterygium were finally enrolled(30 males, 46 females)with a mean age of 62.2±8.2 y. The mean length of corneal invasion by pterygium was 3.61±0.89 mm, the mean depth of invasion into the anterior corneal surface was 0.15±0.09 mm, and the median area of corneal invasion was 10.25(6.90, 18.75)mm2. The median preoperative corneal astigmatism was 1.50(0.70, 5.45)D. Median astigmatism was 0.8(0.40, 1.28)D at 2 wk postoperatively and 0.60(0.30, 1.15)D at 1 mo postoperatively. Patient age showed a positive correlation with preoperative astigmatism, and with residual astigmatism at 2 wk and 1 mo postoperatively(all P<0.05). The length of corneal invasion was positively correlated with preoperative astigmatism and residual astigmatism at both postoperative timepoints(P<0.01). The depth of invasion showed no significant linear correlation with astigmatism at any stage(P=0.250, 0.761, 0.686). The area of corneal invasion was positively correlated with astigmatism at all stages(P<0.01). Patients were grouped based on significant astigmatism(≥1.0 D)and non-significant astigmatism(<1.0 D), after adjusting for other variables, age(P=0.031)and the area of corneal invasion(P=0.004)were identified as risk factors for significant astigmatism. Pterygium invasion length was not significant factors(P>0.05). Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis showed the highest area under the curve(AUC)for the invasion area(AUC=0.915). CONCLUSION: Significant preoperative corneal astigmatism in pterygium patients is correlated with patient age, the length of corneal invasion, and the area of invasion. The area of pterygium invasion into the cornea is the strongest predictor of significant preoperative corneal astigmatism.

With the rapid increase of the microbiome samples and sequencing data,more and more knowledge about microbial communities has been gained.However,there is still much more to learn about microbial communities,including billions of novel species and genes,as well as count-less spatiotemporal dynamic patterns within the microbial communities,which together form the microbial dark matter.In this work,we summarized the dark matter in microbiome research and reviewed current data mining methods,especially artificial intelligence(AI)methods,for different types of knowledge discovery from microbial dark matter.We also provided case studies on using AI methods for microbiome data mining and knowledge discovery.In summary,we view microbial dark matter not as a problem to be solved but as an opportunity for AI methods to explore,with the goal of advancing our understanding of microbial communities,as well as developing better solu-tions to global concerns about human health and the environment.

Objective To investigate the expressions of CD34, CD123 and CD38 in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and their clinical significances. Methods A total of 164 patients with AML in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from February 2014 to July 2015 were enrolled. Cellular immunophenotyping was performed by flow cytometry. According to the expressions of CD34, CD38 and CD123, 164 patients were divided into positive group and negative group, and the clinical data and immature cells ratio of two groups were compared. Results In 164 patients with AML, 102 cases (62.2 ％) were CD34 positive, 126 cases (76.8％) were CD123 positive, and 144 cases (88.3％) were CD38 positive. There were no significant differences in age and sex between the positive and negative groups (P> 0.05). But there were significant differences in the proportion of immature cells, white blood cell count and hemoglobin between the two groups (all P< 0.05). The expression rates of CD34, CD38 and CD123 were correlated with minimal residual disease and complete remission rate (all P< 0.05). Conclusions CD34, CD123 and CD38 are effective markers for AML detection. The expressions of CD34, CD123 and CD38 can be used as the judgment marker of cell maturity, which is conducive to the determination of the condition and prognosis of AML patients.

ObjectiveToanalyzethepathogensofsuppurativeendophthalmitis,theirdistributionanddrug susceptibility.Provide valuable information for the clinical options in effective use of antimicrobial agents.Methods Collected 259 cases of endophthalmitis from the patients with aqueous humor and vitreous fluid for pathogens and drug sensitivitytestinordertocarryontheanalysisoftheresults.Results 113casesofbacterialculturepositivein259 cases of specimens,with a detection rate of 43.63%.6 cases of multiple bacteria infection,and 2 case of fungal infec-tion.The total separation of pathogens was 120 strains.89 strains were gram positive coccus,accounting for 74.17%, 11 were gram positive bacillus strains, accounting for 9.17%, 13 strains of gram-negative bacilli, accounted for 10.83%,gram-negative in 5strains(4.17%),fungus in 2strains(1.67%).Conclusion Main pathogenic bacteria suppurative endophthalmitis is gram-positive, the pathogen species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of change should be timely monitored and the rational using of antibiotics can reduce the generation of drug-resistant strains.

Objective To compare and analyze the results of patients' blood sugar value tested by Terumo glucometer and Hitachi 7180 biochemical analyzer, and to analyze their correlation. Methods Fifty blood samples with different blood sugar values. Terumo glucometer was used to test blood sugar for three times and an average value was calculat-ed;full-automatic Hitachi 7180 biochemical analyzer was used to test blood sugar for three times by serum centrifuga-tion of 3000 rpm, and an average value was calculated. SPSS software was used for analysis. Results Precision of Teru-mo glucometer CV% was less than 5%, and the relative bias accorded with related requirements. Compared with the test results by Hitachi 7180 full-automatic biochemical analyzer, results of blood sugar by Terumo glucometer were all within the allowed range. Standard deviation of sample average of 50 samples tested by Terumo glucometer was (7.51±0.69), and the standard deviation of sample average of samples tested by Hitachi 7180 biochemical analyzer was (7.37±0.66). Results of blood sugar tested by Terumo glucometer and Hitachi 7180 biochemical analyzer were not statistically different (t=0.15, P>0.05); correlation coefficient R2 of Terumo glucometer and Hitachi 7180 biochemical analyzer was 0.9739. Conclusion Correlation between glucometer and full-automatic biochemical analyzer in testing blood sugar is favorable, which can be used for blood sugar testing for diabetic patients, but the blood sugar value tested by biochemi-cal analyzer must be taken as diagnostic basis.