Objective This study sought to accelerate the establishment of a Parkinson's disease mouse model by intracerebral injection of α-synuclein preformed fibrils(α-Syn PFF)into B6-hSNCA-A53T transgenic mice to induce rapid development of Parkinson's-like pathological features.Methods C57BL/6J background α-Syn A53T transgenic mice were selected as the model group,with isogenic C57BL/6J mice as the control group.α-Syn PFF was delivered into the bilateral striatum using stereotactic brain injection.After modeling,the open-field test was used to assess spontaneous activity and anxiety-like behaviors,while the rotarod,grip strength,and pole tests evaluated motor coordination and limb muscle tone.The buried food test was conducted to assess olfactory function.Immunohistochemical staining was performed to investigate neuroinflammation and pathological α-synuclein in the mouse brain.Results Compared with the control group,1 month after the α-Syn PFF injection,model mice showed increased locomotion in the open-field test,with no significant differences in the rotarod,grip strength,or pole tests,but prolonged food-seeking time.Two months after model establishment,the model group showed significantly reduced locomotor activity in open field testing,impaired motor coordination in rotarod,grip strength and pole tests,and olfactory dysfunction in buried food tests.Phosphorylated α-synuclein accumulation was observed in the substantia nigra,cortex,and hippocampus,accompanied by pronounced microglial activation,Lewy body deposition,and substantial dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra.Conclusions A53T mice developed olfactory dysfunction and motor impairments more rapidly after α-Syn PFF injection.Significant pathological changes were observed,including the aggregation of α-synuclein/Lewy body in the substantia nigra,cortex,and hippocampus,and the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.This model can serve as a rapidly established animal model for α-synucleinopathy-related Parkinson's disease.

Objective This study sought to accelerate the establishment of a Parkinson's disease mouse model by intracerebral injection of α-synuclein preformed fibrils(α-Syn PFF)into B6-hSNCA-A53T transgenic mice to induce rapid development of Parkinson's-like pathological features.Methods C57BL/6J background α-Syn A53T transgenic mice were selected as the model group,with isogenic C57BL/6J mice as the control group.α-Syn PFF was delivered into the bilateral striatum using stereotactic brain injection.After modeling,the open-field test was used to assess spontaneous activity and anxiety-like behaviors,while the rotarod,grip strength,and pole tests evaluated motor coordination and limb muscle tone.The buried food test was conducted to assess olfactory function.Immunohistochemical staining was performed to investigate neuroinflammation and pathological α-synuclein in the mouse brain.Results Compared with the control group,1 month after the α-Syn PFF injection,model mice showed increased locomotion in the open-field test,with no significant differences in the rotarod,grip strength,or pole tests,but prolonged food-seeking time.Two months after model establishment,the model group showed significantly reduced locomotor activity in open field testing,impaired motor coordination in rotarod,grip strength and pole tests,and olfactory dysfunction in buried food tests.Phosphorylated α-synuclein accumulation was observed in the substantia nigra,cortex,and hippocampus,accompanied by pronounced microglial activation,Lewy body deposition,and substantial dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra.Conclusions A53T mice developed olfactory dysfunction and motor impairments more rapidly after α-Syn PFF injection.Significant pathological changes were observed,including the aggregation of α-synuclein/Lewy body in the substantia nigra,cortex,and hippocampus,and the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.This model can serve as a rapidly established animal model for α-synucleinopathy-related Parkinson's disease.

[Objective] To summarize the diagnosis and treatment of Antopol Goldman lesion (AGL) in clinical practice. [Methods] Clinical data and diagnosis and treatment process of one AGL case treated in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and relevant literature was reviewed. [Results] The patient presented with painless gross hematuria and right-sided lower back pain.Imaging examination suggested swelling of the right kidney, blood accumulation in the right calyx, renal pelvis and lower ureter, blood clot in the bladder, and multiple small stones in the left kidney.After multidisciplinary consultation, close imaging follow-up, interventional and flexible ureterdscope examination, tumors of hematological diseases, renal hematuria, arteriovenous fistula and collection system were excluded.After conservative treatment, the patient gradually recovered.During the follow-up of 1 year, no hematuria or low back pain recurred. [Conclusion] There is no clear diagnostic standard for AGL.Diagnosis relies on imaging, interventional methods and ureteroscopy.It is necessary to exclude other diseases and adopt conservative treatment.

There are few clinical reports on the diagnosis and treatment of upper urinary tract stones secondary to urinary diversion. This study included 30 patients with upper urinary tract stones secondary to urinary diversion, and all of which were successfully managed. The individualized treatment with the ureteroscopy and/or percutaneous nephrolithotripsy with antegrade, retrograde, or a combination of antegrade and retrograde is safe and feasible.

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility and safety of total aortic arch surgery under mild hypothermicvia single upper hemisternotomy approach.Methods:From January 2019 to July 2019, 35 patients(31 male and 4 female) with Stanford A type aortic dissection were diagnosed, who were(43.7±5.7)years old. Aortic arch surgeries were carried out under mild hypothermic via single upper hemisternotomy approach and the perioperative mortality, time of cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB), aortic cross clamp(ACC), circulation arrest(CA) and morbidity of neurological dysfunction were respectively were recorded.Results:All patients were finished aortic arch surgery under mild hypothermic single upper hemisternotomy approach, with 8.6% of mortality(3 patients died perioperation). The time of CPB, ACC and CA were respectively(202±53)min, (128±28)min and(8±3)min. There were 6 cases of transient neurological dysfunction(17.1%) and 1 case of permanent neurological dysfunction(2.9%).Conclusion:Aortic arch surgery under mild hypothermic for Standford A dissectionvia single upper hemisternotomy approach is safe and feasible.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of Sun's procedure for Stanford A type aortic dissection through single upperhemisternotomy approach ( from the Strernal Notch to the level of fourth intercostal space ) .Methods 58 patients(39 male and 19 female) with Stanford A type aortic dissection were retrospective for this study, who were(46.3 ±9. 5) years old.Sun's prcedure were carried out through single upperhemisternotomy approach and the perioperative characteris-tics were recorded.Results All patients were finished Sun's procedure through single upperhemisternotomy approach, with 5.2％ of mortality(3 patients died postoperation).The time of cardiopulmonary bypass, aortic cross clamp and circulation ar-rest were respectively(181.6 ±25.5)min,(114.2 ±19.8)min and(29.0 ±5.8)min.Non serious adverse event were found after 2 to 15 months follow-up.Conclusion Sun's procedure through single upperhemisternotomy approach was one of the safe and feasible treatment for Stanford A type aortic dissection , which can reduce the operative wound and improve the patients ' satisfactory.

BACKGROUND: The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation may have a positive effect, but most patients may develop drug resistance, therefore, the detection of the developing time in drug resistance and the research of the mechanism of drug resistance are need to be solved. While the emerge of next generation sequencing (NGS) have make it possible. The aim of this study is to monitor the efficacy of targeted therapy by studying the variation of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) mutation frequency and gene mutation spectrum through the targeted therapy. METHODS: Our center enrolled 22 patients with EGFR mutation detected by tissue or peripheral blood, and collect 8 mL of peripheral blood of the patients for ctDNA sequencing in different phases, before systematic prior treatment, followed-up by 2 months and disease progression after TKI administration. RESULTS: Patients with EGFR gene mutation may acquire a longer median survival time after receiving targeted drug therapy, due to the drop of mutation abundances, while the therapy may have a minor effect in patients which their mutation abundances have slightly decreased compared to the statistics before the cession (P=0.015,3). The significantly reduced group median progression was associated with a longer survival [progression free survival (PFS)=390 d]. At the same time, we found out that when related to TP-53 gene mutation, the effect of targeted drug therapy for EGFR-sensitive mutation was unsatisfactory (the median PFS was 120 d compared with 630 d, P=0.000,2). CONCLUSIONS Patients who has lower mutation abundance with EGFR sensitive mutations after TKI treatment may have a longer survival period (P<0.05), and the mutation abundance were not significantly dropping or accompanied by other mutations may indicating TKI resistance.

Objective To explore the high risk factors of different degrees of premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and to provide theoretical basises for the clinical prevention of BPD.Methods The clinical datas of 64 cases patients with BPD who were diagnosed and hospitalized in Neonatology Department of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from June in 2009 to March in 2016 were retrospective analyzed,from several aspects to analyze the BPD's high risk factors,such as the mother's factors,the perinatal factors,treatments after birth and complications.Results There were 27 moderate and mild cases,19 moderate cases and 18 severe cases in children who were diagnosed BPD;different degrees of BPD patients in gender,5 minute's apgar score,the repeated application of PS,long time of mechanical ventilation,high concentration of oxygen inhalation,neonatal pneumonia,blood transfusion and neonatal anemia's differences were significant in the severity of BPD difference (P =0.003,0.033,0.006,0.002,0.001,0.000,0.001,0.001,0.036,0.004).Conclusion Strengthen resuscitation in delivery room,shorten the mechanical ventilation time and reduce the high concentration oxygen inhalation,prevent and reduce the infection after delivery,reduce latrogenic blood loss and the number of blood transfusion are important measures to alleviate the severity of BPD.

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to improve students' ability in practical and theoretical courses of oral health education and to promote students' learning interest and initiative.

METHODSFourth-year students of the oral medical profession from 2006 to 2008 at Weifang Medical University were chosen as research objects for oral health education to explore the experimental teaching reform. The students were divided into test and control groups, with the test group using the "speak out" way of teaching and the control group using the traditional teaching method. Results of after-class evaluation of the test group, as well as final examination and practice examination of the two groups, were analyzed and compared.

RESULTSAfter-class evaluation results of the test group showed that the "speak out" teaching method was recognized by the students and improved students' ability to understand oral health education. The final examination and practice examination results showed that the score of the test group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION"Speak out" teaching methods can improve students' ability for oral health education, in accordance with the trend of teaching reform.

Objective This study aimed to improve students’ ability in practical and theoretical courses of oral health education and to promote students’ learning interest and initiative. Methods Fourth-year students of the oral medical pro-fession from 2006 to 2008 at Weifang Medical University were chosen as research objects for oral health education to explore the experimental teaching reform. The students were divided into test and control groups, with the test group using the “speak out” way of teaching and the control group using the traditional teaching method. Results of after-class evaluation of the test group, as well as final examination and practice examination of the two groups, were analyzed and compared. Results After-class evaluation results of the test group showed that the “speak out” teaching method was recognized by the students and improved students’ ability to understand oral health education. The final examination and practice examination results showed that the score of the test group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion “Speak out” teaching methods can improve students’ ability for oral health education, in accordance with the trend of teaching reform.