BackgroundIndividuals with schizophrenia are prone to higher rates of hospital readmission， presenting significant clinical challenges and imposing considerable social burdens within the mental health domain. In recent years， various risk prediction models have been developed to forecast readmission in patients with schizophrenia and support clinical decision-making， but their predictive performance and clinical applicability require comprehensive evaluation. ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the risk prediction models for readmission in patients with schizophrenia， so as to provide insights for the development of high-performance and highly applicable readmission risk prediction models for patients with schizophrenia. MethodsOn July 5， 2025， a systematic literature search was conducted across multiple electronic databases， including PubMed， Embase， Cochrane Library， Web of Science， CINAHL， CNKI， China Biomedical Literature Database， Wanfang Database， and VIP Database， to identify risk prediction models for readmission in patients with schizophrenia. The search period was from the establishment of the databases to July 1， 2025. Two researchers independently performed literature screening， data extraction， risk of bias assessment， and applicability assessment. ResultsA total of 9 studies were included in this review， encompassing 18 risk prediction models for readmission in patients with schizophrenia. Among them， 4 models reported the area under the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve （AUC）， ranging from 0.734 to 0.820， 16 models provided AUC values of 0.642–0.879 for internal validation， and 1 model demonstrated an AUC of 0.841 for external validation. Key predictors included disease duration and the concomitant therapy of antipsychotic medications. The risk of bias was assessed as "high" in all included studies. ConclusionThe development of risk prediction models for readmission in patients with schizophrenia remains in an exploratory stage. Although the model exhibits favorable predictive performance， it is associated with a high risk of bias and insufficient performance evaluation.

Neuropathic pain （NP） is a chronic pain syndrome resulting from injury， inflammation， or dysfunction of the somatosensory nervous system. Its pathogenesis is complex and intimately associated with peripheral sensitization and maladaptive neuroplasticity within the central nervous system. The core clinical manifestations， including spontaneous pain， allodynia， and paresthesia， severely compromise patients’ quality of life and pose substantial challenges to clinical management. Endoplasmic reticulum stress （ERS）， a critical cellular defense mechanism against disrupted intracellular homeostasis， is primarily initiated and modulated through three canonical branches of the unfolded protein response （UPR）： the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase （PERK） pathway， the inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endonuclease 1α （IRE1α） pathway， and the activating transcription factor 6 （ATF6） pathway. These signaling cascades play a pivotal role in the pathological progression of NP. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） exhibits unique advantages in the treatment of NP. Leveraging its hallmark characteristics of multi-target， multi-pathway， and holistic regulation， TCM can systematically modulate the ERS signaling network to inhibit neuronal apoptosis， attenuate neuroinflammatory infiltration， and rectify autophagic dysfunction， ultimately promoting the repair and regeneration of damaged neural tissue. This review systematically summarizes the core role of ERS in the occurrence and development of NP. It focuses on the latest research progress regarding ERS pathway modulation in NP amelioration by representative TCM interventions， including potential core bioactive components （e.g.， tanshinoneⅡ_A， catalpol， and formononetin）， classic and empirical compound formulas （e.g.， Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction， Compound Qiying granules， and Tangluoning）， and TCM external therapies （e.g.， electroacupuncture， moxibustion with seed-sized moxa cone， and acupotomy）. Through an in-depth analysis of the functional characteristics and mechanisms of these TCM interventions， particularly their bidirectional regulation and multi-target synergy， this review aims to provide a solid theoretical foundation for further optimizing TCM-based strategies for NP prevention and treatment and to delineate future directions for clinical translation of related research achievements and targeted drug development.

This study aims to determine the nephrotoxic effects of 3-monochloropropanel-1,2-diol(3-MCPD)on female and male SD rats.A nephrotoxicity model was established by gavage of dif-ferent doses of 3-MCPD,and 80 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:the control group(0 mg/kg 3-MCPD),low-dose group(15 mg/kg 3-MCPD),medium-dose group(30 mg/kg 3-MCPD),high-dose group(60 mg/kg 3-MCPD),with half female and half male.The body mass and food intake of the rats were recorded weekly,and the urine and blood and kidney tissues were col-lected after 28 consecutive days of gavage,and the blood erythrocyte count(WBC),white blood cell count(RBC),hemoglobin(HGB),erythrocyte-compaction-transfer-value(HCT),creatinine(CREA),serum urea nitrogen(BUN),and the indexes of blood phosphorus(P)and calcium(Ca)were detected;the level of kidney injury molecule(KIM-1)was measured by ELISA kit;the renal pathological changes was observed by histopathology method;and transcriptome sequencing was used to analyze differential genes in female and male rats.The results showed that 3-MCPD did not significantly affect the growth of male rats,but high doses significantly reduced the weight and food intake of female rats.The high-dose group of 3-MCPD caused a significant decrease in RBC,HGB,and HCT levels in both male and female rats,resulting in a significant increase in KIM-1 and P,and a significant decrease in Ca,but only a significant increase in CREA and BUN in female rats.Histopathology showed that in the high-dose group of male rats,only mild renal tubular dilation,epithelial cell edema,and clear tubular type were observed in the kidneys,while in female rats,a large number of renal sacs,clear tubular type,and interstitial inflammatory cells with fibrosis were observed in the kidneys.Transcriptome sequencing showed 1 712 differentially expressed genes in the high-dose group of female rats and 1 153 differentially expressed genes in the high-dose group of male rats.KEGG enrichment analysis showed that both male and female rats in the high-dose group experienced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis,but 3-MCPD may also participate in the process of kidney damage in females by inhibiting autophagy and inducing iron death pathways.The above results indicate that high-dose 3-MCPD has a more significant nephrotoxic effect on fe-male rats.

Objective To investigate the association between intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and colonic polyps,Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection,and intestinal metaplasia.Methods A total of 200 patients diagnosed with colonic polyps,Hp infection,or both conditions.These patients were classified into three groups:the colonic polyp group(n=90),the Hp infection with intestinal metaplasia group(n=49),and the colonic polyp combined with Hp infection and intestinal metaplasia group(n=61).Additionally,62 individuals who underwent routine health examinations at our hospital during the same period were enrolled as a control group.The study compared gut microbiota imbalances across these groups to investigate the association between intestinal dysbiosis and colonic pol-yps,Hp infection,and the co-occurrence of colonic polyps with Hp-related intestinal metaplasia.Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors associated with the development of intestinal metaplasia due to Hp infection in patients with colonic polyps.Results Compared to the control group,intestinal flora imbalance was significantly more prevalent in the colorectal polyp group,the Hp infection with intestinal metaplasia group,and the colorectal polyp combined with Hp infection and intestinal metaplasia group(P<0.05).Moreover,intestinal flora imbalance in the colorectal polyp with Hp infection and intestinal metaplasia group was significantly higher than that in both the colorectal polyp group and the Hp infection with intestinal metaplasia group(P<0.05).Regarding exhaled gas levels,H2 and CH4 concentrations were significantly elevated in the groups with colorectal polyps accom-panied by Hp infection and intestinal metaplasia,those with colorectal polyps alone,and those with Hp infection and intestinal metaplasia,compared to the control group(P<0.05).Similarly,exhaled H2S levels were significantly higher in the group with colorectal polyps complicated by Hp infection and intestinal metaplasia than in the control group(P<0.05).Furthermore,exhaled H2 and CH4 levels showed positive correlations with the presence of colorectal polyps,Hp infection with intestinal metaplasia,and colorectal polyps combined with Hp infection and intestinal metaplasia(P<0.05).Exhaled H2S levels were positively correlated with colorectal polyps complicated by Hp infec-tion and intestinal metaplasia(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis indicated that a history of smoking,atrophic gastritis,peptic ulcer,and intestinal flora imbalance are independent risk factors for Hp infection-associated intesti-nal metaplasia in patients with colorectal polyps(P<0.05).Conclusion Intestinal flora imbalance is associated with colorectal polyps and Hp-induced intestinal metaplasia,suggesting that microbial dysbiosis may represent a potential risk factor for the development of these conditions.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of the Da Vinci robotic single-port-plus-one technique in common urological surgeries in children.Methods:The data of 59 children who underwent robot-assisted single-port-plus-one laparoscopic surgery from May 2022 to November 2023 in Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. There were 44 males and 15 females, aged 36 (6, 108)months. Among them, 27 cases had ureteropelvic junction obstruction, with a preoperative anterior-posterior diameter of the renal pelvis of (31.83±6.59) mm. The American Society of Fetal Urology (SFU) grading system revealed grade Ⅲ in 8 sides and grade Ⅳ in 19 sides. Bilateral renal function showed a difference of 13.50% (7.18%, 31.06%). Additionally, 17 cases presented with vesicoureteral reflux. Preoperative voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) indicated reflux grades Ⅲ, Ⅳ, and Ⅴ in 8, 14, and 4 sides, respectively, with a difference in bilateral renal function of 18.58% (6.04%, 28.30%). Ten cases had obstructive megaureter, with a preoperative renal pelvis diameter of (22.17±7.64)mm and a maximum ureteral diameter of (19.51±3.71)mm. The preoperative bilateral renal function difference was 18.02% (5.23%, 49.42%).Five cases involved duplicated kidney and ureter. Magnetic resonance urography (MRU) confirmed unilateral duplicated kidneys with associated dilatation of the upper renal pelvis and calyces, hydroureter, thin renal cortex in all 5 patients. Among them, 2 cases had ectopic ureteral opening and 1 case had terminal ureteral cyst. Patients with ureteropelvic junction stenosis underwent pyeloplasty, those with vesicoureteral reflux and obstructive megaureter underwent ureteral reimplantation, and patients with duplicated ureters underwent nephrectomy. The Da Vinci robotic surgical system was employed for all procedures. The port placement technique involved a 2-3 cm incision around the navel to insert a single-port four-channel device, followed by the placement of an additional 8 mm operating channel in the left or right abdomen under direct visualization based on the surgical site. Preoperative and postoperative parameters were compared.Results:All operations were successfully completed without conversion to open or laparoscopic surgery. The operation time of the ureteropelvic junction obstruction children was (141.52±22.93) min. The postoperative renal pelvis diameter and bilateral renal function difference were (12.54±4.05) mm and 5.60%(2.14%, 14.48%), respectively, both of which showed significant improvement compared to preoperative levels ( P<0.01). Postoperative hydronephrosis grades were as follows: 13 sides with grade Ⅰ, 13 sides with grade Ⅱ, and 1 side with grade Ⅲ. The operation time of vesicoureteral reflux children was (125.00±11.75) min in the unilateral group and (153.22±14.39) min in the bilateral group. Postoperatively, 2 sides demonstrated reflux grade Ⅰ, 1 side grade Ⅱ, and 1 side grade Ⅲ, indicating improvement compared to preoperative levels. Bilateral renal function difference post-surgery was 13.34% (1.85%, 20.54%), which was more balanced than preoperatively ( P=0.011). Postoperative renal pelvis anterior-posterior diameter and maximum ureteral diameter were reduced to (10.31±3.86) mm and (6.62±2.44) mm, respectively, which were significantly smaller than preoperative measurements ( P<0.01). The bilateral renal function difference post-surgery was 12.04% (4.85%, 47.53%), showing improvement, though not statistically significant ( P=0.508). The operation time of the repeated nephrectomy children was (140.00±12.75) min. No recurrence of preoperative symptoms was noted, and renal cortical function remained generally normal during follow-up. In this study, only 3 cases of obstructive megaureter developed febrile urinary tract infection within 1 month after surgery, and no complications were observed in the remaining cases. Conclusions:This study preliminarily confirmed that the Da Vinci robotic single-port-plus one-port technology can be used in the treatment of common diseases of the urinary system in children. The patients' symptoms were significantly relieved after surgery, and the indicators of hydronephrosis improved compared with those before surgery. The incidence of postoperative complications was low, and aesthetic outcomes of postoperative scars were enhanced. Further studies are needed to assess its long-term efficacy.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of transumbilical single-port robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery for congenital choledochal cysts in children.Methods:Clinical data of 13 children with congenital choledochal cysts undergoing surgery at the Provincial Hospital of Fuzhou University from January 2024 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed, including 4 males and 9 females, aged 48 (24, 60) months. All children underwent transumbilical single-port robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical resection of congenital choledochal cyst with common hepatic duct jejunum Roun-en-Y anastomosis by the same surgeon. The efficacy of this technique was evaluated by surgical safety indicators such as operation time and intra-operative blood loss, as well as indicators of the postoperative scar assessment scale (OSAS).Results:All surgeries were successfully performed without conversion to open surgery. The operation time was (200±22) min. The blood loss was (8.07±2.56) ml without intraoperative blood transfusion. The time to start water feeding was (2.76±0.83) d and the time to start liquid diet was (3.92±1.12) d. The postoperative hospital stay was (7.00±3.37) d and the postoperative follow-up time was (5.38±2.06) months. No postoperative complications such as bile reflux gastritis and cholangitis were seen in patients. No dilatation of the common hepatic duct or intrahepatic bile ducts were observed at three months postoperatively. There were good indicators of satisfaction with the appearance of wounds as assessed by OSAS.Conclusion:Transumbilical single-port robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery could be safe and effective for congenital choledochal cysts in children.

Ischemic obstruction is a dangerous condition with a high mortality rate.Professor Jin Shi proposed that vascular intesti-nal obstruction disease is based on the intestinal tract while the structure of mesenteric vascular structure in modern medicine is highly similar to the morphological description of"intestinal collateral"in traditional Chinese medicine.The"hypercoagulable state"of blood is highly consistent with the core of the pathogenesis of"intestinal stasis"in traditional Chinese medicine.Blood stasis is a key patho-logical product and pathogenic factor of vascular intestinal obstruction and it is necessary to pay attention to the combination of disease identification,clarification of urgency,and phased treatment.This study provides a theoretical basis and practical example for the treatment of vascular intestinal obstruction in traditional Chinese medicine.

ObjectiveThis paper aims to use the digital muscle function assessment system Myoton PRO to assess the correlation between muscle tension，clinical characteristics， and traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） syndromes in patients with hepatolenticular degeneration ［also known as Wilson disease（WD）］. MethodsA total of 104 patients with WD accompanied by abnormal muscle tension（increased or decreased，hereinafter the same） who were hospitalized in the Brain Disease Centre of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine from April 2021 to November 2023 were selected，all of whom were subjected to TCM syndrome diagnosis and Myoton PRO for the measurement of F value of muscle tension，Goldstein， and UWDRS-N scales. The age of onset of the disease and disease duration were analyzed，and the differences and correlations of the above indexes in different TCM syndromes of WD were analyzed ResultsAmong the 104 patients with WD ，the phlegm and stasis syndrome was the most common（60 patients），followed by the damp-heat syndrome（33 patients），and the least common was the liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome（11 patients）. The F value of the phlegm and stasis syndrome group was higher than that of the liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome group and the damp-heat syndrome group（P<0.01）. The F value of the damp-heat syndrome group was higher than that of the liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome group（P<0.05），and the F value of the lower limbs of each group was higher than that of the upper limbs（P<0.01）. Goldstein and UWDRS-N scores of the patients in the phlegm and stasis syndrome group were higher than those in the damp-heat syndrome group and the liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome group（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference between the Goldstein and UWDRS-N scores of patients in the liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome group and the damp-heat syndrome group. Correlation analysis revealed that the age of onset and duration of the disease were positively correlated with the F values of the lower limbs（r=0.20，P<0.05，r=0.38，P<0.01）and had no significant correlation with those of the upper limbs. The F value levels of muscle tension of all limbs in the three groups of patients were positively correlated with the Goldstein and UWDRS-N scores（muscle tension of the upper limbs in the phlegm and stasis syndrome group，r=0.36，P<0.01，r=0.42，P<0.01. muscle tension of the lower limbs in the phlegm and stasis syndrome group，r=0.70，P<0.01，r=0.60，P<0.01. muscle tension of the upper limbs in the damp-heat syndrome group，r=0.64，P<0.01，r=0.53，P<0.01. muscle tension of the lower limbs in the damp-heat syndrome group，r=0.59，P<0.01，r=0.70，P<0.01. muscle tension of the upper limbs in the liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome group，r=0.70，P<0.01，r=0.74，P<0.01. muscle tension of the lower limbs in the liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome group，r=0.85，P<0.01，r=0.62，P<0.01）. Conlusion： The digital muscle function assessment system Myoton PRO can objectively evaluate the muscle tension level of patients with WD accompanied by abnormal muscle tension. This level has significant differences among different TCM syndromes and can evaluate the patient's condition to some extent.

This paper summarizes the clinical experience in applying jiao （角） medicine to treat diabetes mellitus from the perspective of qi， blood， and fluids. It is believed that impaired spleen transportation and transformation is the key pathomechanism of diabetes， leading to metabolic disturbances in qi， blood， and fluids， and resulting in a sequential pathological progression of "qi → thick fluids → thin fluids → blood". At the qi level， the disease is mainly characterized by spleen qi deficiency and stagnation， and is commonly treated with Hongshen （Panax Ginseng）， Huangqi （Astragalus Mongholicus）， and Baizhu （Atractylodes Macrocephala） to tonify the spleen and regulate qi. At the thick fluids level， the condition manifests as abdominal distension， internal heat， and turbid pathogens， requiring Zexie （Alisma Orientale）， Huanglian （Coptis Chinensis）， and Dahuang （Rheum Palmatum） to clear the spleen and drain turbidity. At the thin fluids level， with qi and yin deficiency and predominant yin damage， Gegen （Pueraria Lobata）， Wuweizi （Schisandra Chinensis）， and Maidong （Ophiopogon Japonicus） are used to nourish yin and generate fluids. At the blood level， where vascular damage is predominant， Shuizhifen （Whitmania Pigra Powder）， Danshen （Salvia Miltiorrhiza）， and Sanqifen （Panax Notoginseng Powder） are applied to activate blood circulation， resolve stasis， and unblock the channels. Clinicians may flexibly select appropriate jiao medicine based on the specific pathological layer affected in each patient.

Objective To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)rs57095329 and rs6864584 of miR-146a gene and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN).Methods A total of 96 patients diagnosed with CIN were randomly collected as the CIN group,and 225 healthy individuals examined during the same period were selected as the control group using SPSS software.Genotyping of the above SNP loci was performed using the TaqMan probe method,and their correlation with CIN was analyzed.Results The allele and genotype distribution of rs57095329 showed a statistically significant differences compared to the control group,with the frequency of the allele A in the CIN group significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.001;OR=0.48,95%CI:0.32～0.70).In the dominant model,individuals carrying the G allele(A/G-G/G)had a significantly increased risk of CIN(P<0.001;OR=2.67,95%CI:1.64～4.37).In contrast,no correlation was found between the rs6864584 and the risk of CIN.Conclusion The A allele of the miR-146a gene at the rs57095329 locus may be a protective factor for CIN.