Objective:To investigate and analyze the surgical method and therapeutic effect of removing benign masses between the nasal radix and eyebrow via a V-shaped cosmetic incision approach through the columella with the assistance of nasal endoscopy.Methods:The data of patients who underwent surgical treatment from May 2020 to August 2023 at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Linyi People’s Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, because of a mass involving the radix of the nose and the interbrow area. Preoperative CT examination of the nose was performed to clarify the nature, size, and level of the mass, and a V-shaped incision was made in the middle and lower third of the nasal columella, with subcutaneous tunnels along the dorsal median line of the nose, and the mass was excised with the aid of nasal endoscopy. Postoperative follow-up was performed for recurrence of swelling, diplopia, ocular dyskinesia, frontal-facial numbness, and recovery of the operative area; patients were evaluated by visual analogue scoring (VAS) to assess satisfaction with the appearance of the incorporeal scar (0~10 points, higher scores indicate higher satisfaction).Results:A total of 4 patients were included, with an average age of 18.5 years (15-21 years). All 4 patients had complete resection of the tumor through the columellar V-shaped incision approach, and the surgical incisions were all healed by primary intention. Postoperative pathology suggested epidermoid cysts in 1 case, lipoma in 1 case, sebaceous cysts in 1 case, and osteomas in 1 case. Postoperative follow-up ranged from 6 to 24 months, with an average follow-up of 12 months, with no recurrence of the mass, no depression at the radix of the nose and between the eyebrows, and no noticeable scar at the columella. The patients were satisfied with the appearance of the incision scar with a VAS score of 10 points.Conclusion:Nasal endoscopic transnasal columella approach to excision of benign tumors at the root of the nose and between the eyebrows has the advantages of small skin incision and hidden scarring, and has good treatment effect.

Objective:To explore the relationship between drug literacy and quality of life in patients with multiple chronic diseases.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. Between March and October 2023, 260 patients with multiple chronic diseases from the General Medicine Department of Peking University Third Hospital were selected using a convenience sampling method. A medication literacy scale, a medication adherence scale, and a health survey scale (SF-36 scale) were used to conduct a questionnaire survey in the patients. The SF-36 scale reflected the quality of life of the patients (including physical health and mental health). A total of 260 questionnaires were distributed, 260 questionnaires were returned, and 240 were effective (92.3%). Single-factor analysis of medication literacy in those patients was conducted using F-test and t-test. The correlation between medication literacy and medication adherence, as well as between medication literacy and quality of life, was analyzed using Pearson′s test. The correlation between different factors and medication adherence, as well as quality of life, in those patients was analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results:Among the 240 patients with multiple chronic diseases, 134 were male and 106 were female, aged (65.84±11.56) years. The drug literacy scale score was (8.36±3.57) points, the SF-36 physical health score was (242.00±87.85) points, mental health score was (275.67±80.29) points, medication compliance scale score was (6.22±1.93) points. The drug literacy was positively correlated with medication compliance ( r=0.157) and mental health ( r=0.165) in patients with multiple chronic diseases (all P<0.05). The score of drug literacy ( SE=2.440), mental health score ( SE=2.523), perceptual impairment ( SE=2.046) and duration of disease ( SE=2.459) were positively correlated with the medication compliance of the patients, while the number of chronic diseases ( SE=-2.818) was negatively correlated with the medication compliance of the patients (all P<0.05). The score of drug literacy ( SE=0.121) and insensible perception disorder ( SE=0.399) were positively correlated with the quality of life of the patients, and the number of chronic diseases ( SE=-0.171) was negatively correlated with the quality of life of the patients (all P<0.05). Conclusion:The drug literacy of patients with multiple chronic diseases is at the medium level, and the drug literacy is positively correlated with medication compliance and quality of life.

Objective:To explore the relationship between drug literacy and quality of life in patients with multiple chronic diseases.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. Between March and October 2023, 260 patients with multiple chronic diseases from the General Medicine Department of Peking University Third Hospital were selected using a convenience sampling method. A medication literacy scale, a medication adherence scale, and a health survey scale (SF-36 scale) were used to conduct a questionnaire survey in the patients. The SF-36 scale reflected the quality of life of the patients (including physical health and mental health). A total of 260 questionnaires were distributed, 260 questionnaires were returned, and 240 were effective (92.3%). Single-factor analysis of medication literacy in those patients was conducted using F-test and t-test. The correlation between medication literacy and medication adherence, as well as between medication literacy and quality of life, was analyzed using Pearson′s test. The correlation between different factors and medication adherence, as well as quality of life, in those patients was analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results:Among the 240 patients with multiple chronic diseases, 134 were male and 106 were female, aged (65.84±11.56) years. The drug literacy scale score was (8.36±3.57) points, the SF-36 physical health score was (242.00±87.85) points, mental health score was (275.67±80.29) points, medication compliance scale score was (6.22±1.93) points. The drug literacy was positively correlated with medication compliance ( r=0.157) and mental health ( r=0.165) in patients with multiple chronic diseases (all P<0.05). The score of drug literacy ( SE=2.440), mental health score ( SE=2.523), perceptual impairment ( SE=2.046) and duration of disease ( SE=2.459) were positively correlated with the medication compliance of the patients, while the number of chronic diseases ( SE=-2.818) was negatively correlated with the medication compliance of the patients (all P<0.05). The score of drug literacy ( SE=0.121) and insensible perception disorder ( SE=0.399) were positively correlated with the quality of life of the patients, and the number of chronic diseases ( SE=-0.171) was negatively correlated with the quality of life of the patients (all P<0.05). Conclusion:The drug literacy of patients with multiple chronic diseases is at the medium level, and the drug literacy is positively correlated with medication compliance and quality of life.

Objective:To investigate and analyze the surgical method and therapeutic effect of removing benign masses between the nasal radix and eyebrow via a V-shaped cosmetic incision approach through the columella with the assistance of nasal endoscopy.Methods:The data of patients who underwent surgical treatment from May 2020 to August 2023 at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Linyi People’s Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, because of a mass involving the radix of the nose and the interbrow area. Preoperative CT examination of the nose was performed to clarify the nature, size, and level of the mass, and a V-shaped incision was made in the middle and lower third of the nasal columella, with subcutaneous tunnels along the dorsal median line of the nose, and the mass was excised with the aid of nasal endoscopy. Postoperative follow-up was performed for recurrence of swelling, diplopia, ocular dyskinesia, frontal-facial numbness, and recovery of the operative area; patients were evaluated by visual analogue scoring (VAS) to assess satisfaction with the appearance of the incorporeal scar (0~10 points, higher scores indicate higher satisfaction).Results:A total of 4 patients were included, with an average age of 18.5 years (15-21 years). All 4 patients had complete resection of the tumor through the columellar V-shaped incision approach, and the surgical incisions were all healed by primary intention. Postoperative pathology suggested epidermoid cysts in 1 case, lipoma in 1 case, sebaceous cysts in 1 case, and osteomas in 1 case. Postoperative follow-up ranged from 6 to 24 months, with an average follow-up of 12 months, with no recurrence of the mass, no depression at the radix of the nose and between the eyebrows, and no noticeable scar at the columella. The patients were satisfied with the appearance of the incision scar with a VAS score of 10 points.Conclusion:Nasal endoscopic transnasal columella approach to excision of benign tumors at the root of the nose and between the eyebrows has the advantages of small skin incision and hidden scarring, and has good treatment effect.

Objective To study the inhibitory effect of Huidu Yinhua powder from the Orthodox Manual of External Medicine on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA),virulence factor α-hemolysin(Hla)activity,and biofilm formation,and to explore the optimal ratios of Huidu Yinhua powder and provide experimental support for its use.Methods The inhibitory effects of Huidu Yinhua powder and the herbs in the formula on USA300 were analyzed by the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC),minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC),and disk diffusion assay(K-B method).Hemolysis,neutralization,oligomerization,and Western blot assays were used to verify in which form the drug inhibits the activity of virulence factor α-hemolysin(Hla).A biofilm assay was performed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Huidu Yinhua powder on biofilm.Orthogonal experiments were performed to explore the optimal ratio of Huidu Yinhua powder.Results Huidu Yinhua powder inhibited the MRSA strain with a MIC90 of 64 mg/mL and an MBC of 256 mg/mL with antibacterial circle diameter of(7.50±0.50)mm.Huidu Yinhua powder inhibited Hla activity by inhibiting Hla secretion.The minimum effective concentration(MEC)was 16 mg/mL,and the MEC of biofilm was 8 mg/mL.In Huidu Yinhua powder,honeysuckle and astragalus only affected the hemolytic activity of MRSA and biofilm formation without inhibiting bacterial growth.The hemolytic activity and biofilm of MEC were both 32 mg/mL.Glycyrrhiza had a strong bacterial inhibitory capacity with a MIC90 of 8 mg/mL and biofilm MEC of 1 mg/mL without showing inhibitory hemolytic activity at subinhibitory concentrations.The orthogonal experiment showed that,at a ratio of honeysuckle,astragalus,and glycyrrhiza in Huidu Yinhua powder of 1∶2∶4,the MIC90 was 16 mg/mL,MEC of hemolytic activity was 8 mg/mL and that of biofilm was 4 mg/mL,both of which were the lowest among the nine groups.Conclusions Huidu Yinhua powder affects the hemolytic activity and biofilm formation of MRSA at subinhibitory concentrations with the optimal ratio of honeysuckle,astragalus,and glycyrrhiza being 1∶2∶4.

Purpose To explore the application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in evaluating the local muscle microcirculation before and after acupuncture at Zusanli point in normal people.Materials and Methods A total of 72 healthy volunteers who visited the Department of Ultrasound,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from September 2018 to May 2020 were prospectively collected,all subjects performed ultrasound contrast before acupuncture,acupuncture with strongest deqi,and two hours after acupuncture to observe the blood flow perfusion of the microvessels in the tibialis anterior muscle.The pre-selected areas of interest the small arteries,muscle tissues and venules in the middle were analyzed to obtain the time-intensity curve and contrast transit time(CTTs)perfusion parameters.Needle sensation was evaluated using objective scoring criteria for acupuncture combined with moxibustion recipients.Gastrin,plasma gastrin,cholecystokinin,and secretin were measured in all subjects before acupuncture,when acupuncture had the strongest deqi,and two hours after acupuncture.Results ①CTTs of arterial-muscle,muscle-venous and arterial-venous of the tibialis anterior muscle at acupuncture with strongest deqi were significantly shorter than those at before acupuncture and two hours after acupuncture(all P<0.001),and there was no significant difference in CTTs before and after acupuncture and moxibustion(P>0.05);②when acupuncture deqi was strongest,serum gastrin,plasma prokinetics,cholecystokinin,and secretin were significantly increased compared with those before acupuncture and two hours after acupuncture,with statistically significant difference(all P<0.001),while there was no significant difference in these parameters between before acupuncture and two hours after acupuncture(P>0.05);③when acupuncture had the strongest deqi,there were positive correlations between gastrin,plasma prokinetic hormone,cholecystokinin,and secretin values and CTTs of arterial-muscle,muscle-venous,and arterial-venous(r=0.360-0.702,P<0.001).Conclusion Acupuncture of the Zusanli,when it gains the strongest deqi,can cause changes in the microcirculation around the skeletal muscle,leading to a significant shortening of CTTs,and also promotes the secretory function of the gastrointestinal tract.

Objective To investigate the incidence and related factors of vitamin D deficiency(VDD) in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods 2139 patients with T2DM who were hospitalized in The Endocrinology Department of Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2018 to June 2023 were enrolled in the study. All the subjects were divided into VDD group (n=1301) and T2DM group (n=838),according to the international standard of vitamin D level. General data and biochemical indicators compared between the two groups. According to the interquartile interval of MHR value,it was divided into Q1(MHR≤0.272,n=534),Q2(0.2720.492,n=534)groups.Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of VDD in patients with T2DM. Results FPG,HbA1c,TC,TG,LDL-C,MHR,FC-P,HOMA-IR,CTX and proportion of female in VDD group were higher than those in T2DM group (P<0.05),the age and HDL-C in VDD group were lower than those in T2DM group(P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that sex,age,FPG,HbA1c,TC,TG,LDL-C,FC-P,CTX,MHR were independently assdciated with VDD. Conclusions MHR is a related factor for VDD in patients with T2DM.

Objective To investigate the incidence and related factors of vitamin D deficiency(VDD) in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods 2139 patients with T2DM who were hospitalized in The Endocrinology Department of Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2018 to June 2023 were enrolled in the study. All the subjects were divided into VDD group (n=1301) and T2DM group (n=838),according to the international standard of vitamin D level. General data and biochemical indicators compared between the two groups. According to the interquartile interval of MHR value,it was divided into Q1(MHR≤0.272,n=534),Q2(0.2720.492,n=534)groups.Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of VDD in patients with T2DM. Results FPG,HbA1c,TC,TG,LDL-C,MHR,FC-P,HOMA-IR,CTX and proportion of female in VDD group were higher than those in T2DM group (P<0.05),the age and HDL-C in VDD group were lower than those in T2DM group(P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that sex,age,FPG,HbA1c,TC,TG,LDL-C,FC-P,CTX,MHR were independently assdciated with VDD. Conclusions MHR is a related factor for VDD in patients with T2DM.

Background The human body is usually exposed to a variety of heavy metals at the same time, and different types and concentrations of heavy metals may have complex interactions during their absorption and metabolism in the human body. Seminal fructose is an important energy source for sperm movement. A large number of studies have shown that metal exposure may impair semen quality, and seminal fructose is an important factor affecting male reproduction, so it is necessary to investigate the relationship between mixed heavy metal exposure and seminal fructose to explore the mechanism of semen quality damage caused by metal exposure. Objective To understand the status of common heavy metal exposure in men of childbearing age in Puyang City, Henan Province, and to study the relationship between mixed exposure to heavy metals and seminal fructose, as well as potential interactions among heavy metals. Methods Volunteers were recruited from the Puyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Reproductive Center for a cross-sectional survey on general demographic characteristics, smoking, alcohol consumption, and other information. Semen samples were collected to detect 12 metals such as vanadium (V), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), silver (Ag), cadmium (Cd), barium (Ba), thallium (Tl), iron (Fe), and lead (Pb) in seminal plasma and seminal fructose. After correcting for selected confounding factors, a Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model was used to evaluate the impact of seminal plasma heavy metal mixed exposure and its interactions on seminal fructose. Results A total of 825 adult males were enrolled. The concentrations in M (P₂₅, P₇₅) of V, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Se, Ag, Cd, Ba, Tl, Fe, and Pb in seminal plasma were 0.39 (0.28, 0.54), 12.31 (8.92, 17.52), 0.26 (0.18, 0.38), 5.15 (3.32, 8.64), 182159.80 (121847.80, 199144.50), 13.61 (10.55, 17.68), 0.03 (0.02, 0.04), 0.34 (0.27, 0.46), 8.64 (5.94, 13.43), 0.06 (0.05, 0.08), 168.74 (114.17, 259.45), and 1.69 (1.15, 2.36) μg·L⁻¹ respectively. The Spearman correlation results indicated that there was a negative correlation between V, Mn, Co, Zn, Se, Ba, Tl, or Fe in seminal plasma and seminal fructose (P<0.05), and the values of r (95%CI) were −0.044 (−0.087, −0.001), −0.129 (−0.171, −0.087), −0.055 (−0.099, −0.012), −0.099 (−0.143, −0.056), −0.053 (−0.097, −0.010), −0.068 (−0.111, −0.025), −0.095 (−0.138, −0.052), and −0.082 (−0.125, −0.039), respectively. The results of multiple linear regression indicated that there was a negative correlation between the exposure level of Cd, Mn, Zn, Ag, Ba, Tl, or Fe in seminal plasma and seminal fructose (P<0.05), the values of associated β (95%CI) were −0.551 (−0.956, −0.147), −0.315 (−0.419, −0.212), −0.187 (−0.272, −0.103), −0.161 (−0.301, −0.021), −0.188 (−0.314, −0.062), −1.159 (−2.170, −0.147), and −0.153 (−0.230, −0.076), respectively. The BKMR model analysis showed that seminal fructose level decreased with the increase of plasma metal mixed exposure concentration. Compared with all metal exposure at P₅₀, the seminal fructose level decreased by 0.2374 units when all metal exposure was at P₇₅. Seminal plasma Zn [posterior inclusion probabilities (PIPs)=1.0000] had the strongest effect on seminal fructose, followed by Mn (PIPs=0.5872), Se (PIPs=0.5656), and Ba (PIPs=0.5398). The univariate exposure-response curve showed a negative approximate linear correlations between Ba or Mn and seminal fructose, a positive linear correlation between Se and seminal fructose, and an approximate inverted U-shaped association between Zn and seminal fructose. No significant interaction between studied metals was found. Conclusion Mixed metal exposure may lead to decrease of seminal fructose, in which Zn, Mn, Se, and Ba may play an important role. Mn and Zn exposure may reduce the level of seminal fructose, Se may increase the level of seminal fructose, and there may be a threshold effect between Zn exposure and seminal fructose level. No interaction between different metals on seminal fructose is found.

Objective:To formulate the Nursing standards of clinical practice of critical care ultrasonography (referred to as the Standards), so as to provide recommendations for the application of ultrasound in intensive care nursing practice. Methods:Based on the experience of intensive care ultrasound nursing practice and literature research, combined with the consensus recommendations of intensive care ultrasound, the critical care ultrasound study group formed the first draft of the Standards. After expert interview, consensus discussion, two rounds of Delphi expert letter consultation and other methods, the content of the Standards was revised and improved, and the final draft of the Standards was formed. Results:The Standards included four parts, such as basic application of intensive care ultrasound, nursing evaluation standard of intensive care ultrasound guidance, nursing operation process guided by ultrasound and intensive care ultrasound training. Conclusions:The establishment of Standards is scientific and practical, which can provide guidance for nursing practice of clinical operation technology of critical care ultrasonography.