Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective To analyze the current status of serum calcium,phosphorus,and hemoglobin(Hb)levels in maintenance hemodialysis patients and identify related influencing factors.Methods Clinical data and related laboratory tests of maintenance hemodialysis patients were retrospective analyzed,clinical related indicators and target achievement rates among different serum calcium,phosphorus and Hb patients were analyzed,correlation and multiple linear regression analysis of serum corrected calcium,phosphorus and Hb and clinical indicators were performed.Results 217 maintenance hemodialysis patients,115(53.0％)cases were male,mean age was(55.88±13.54)years.The target achievement rates for serum corrected calcium,phosphorus,and Hb was 50.70％,24.00％,and 34.10％respectively.Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that in maintenance hemodialysis patients,serum corrected calcium was independently positively correlated with bicarbonate and Hb;Serum phosphorus was independently positively correlated with creatinine,urea,and serum potassium,but negatively correlated with age;And Hb was independently positively correlated with total protein and serum corrected calcium,while being negatively correlated with C-reactive protein,β2 microglobulin,and parathyroid hormone.Conclusion The control target achievement rates for serum calcium,phosphorus,and Hb in maintenance hemodialysis patients at our center are low.Attention which should be paid to the related influencing factors of these indicators is beneficial to guide the control of complications and provide a reference for clinical disease management.

Objective To analyze the current status of serum calcium,phosphorus,and hemoglobin(Hb)levels in maintenance hemodialysis patients and identify related influencing factors.Methods Clinical data and related laboratory tests of maintenance hemodialysis patients were retrospective analyzed,clinical related indicators and target achievement rates among different serum calcium,phosphorus and Hb patients were analyzed,correlation and multiple linear regression analysis of serum corrected calcium,phosphorus and Hb and clinical indicators were performed.Results 217 maintenance hemodialysis patients,115(53.0％)cases were male,mean age was(55.88±13.54)years.The target achievement rates for serum corrected calcium,phosphorus,and Hb was 50.70％,24.00％,and 34.10％respectively.Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that in maintenance hemodialysis patients,serum corrected calcium was independently positively correlated with bicarbonate and Hb;Serum phosphorus was independently positively correlated with creatinine,urea,and serum potassium,but negatively correlated with age;And Hb was independently positively correlated with total protein and serum corrected calcium,while being negatively correlated with C-reactive protein,β2 microglobulin,and parathyroid hormone.Conclusion The control target achievement rates for serum calcium,phosphorus,and Hb in maintenance hemodialysis patients at our center are low.Attention which should be paid to the related influencing factors of these indicators is beneficial to guide the control of complications and provide a reference for clinical disease management.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP)/apoptosis signal-regulated kinase 1 (ASK1) signaling pathway in a mouse model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R).Methods:Thirty-two SPF healthy adult male C57BL/6J mice, aged 8-10 weeks, weighing 18-22 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=8 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (Sham group), intestinal I/R group (I/R group), TXNIP inhibitor resveratrol group (Res group) and dexmedetomidine group (Dex group). The mouse model of intestinal I/R injury was developed by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 45 min followed by 120-min reperfusion in anesthetized animals. Resveratrol 30 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected before developing the model in Res group, and dexmedetomidine 25 μg/kg was intraperitoneally injected at 30 min before ischemia in Dex group. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture at the end of 120-min reperfusion, then the mice were sacrificed, and the small intestine tissues were removed for microscopic examination and for determination of the serum diamine oxidase (DAO) concentration (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and expression of TXNIP, ASK1 and cleaved-caspase-3 in small intestinal tissues (by Western blot). The apoptosis rate of intestinal epithelial cells was calculated. The intestinal damage was assessed and scored according to Chiu. Results:Compared with group Sham, the Chiu′s score, serum DAO concentrations and apoptosis rate of intestinal epithelial cells were significantly increased, and the expression of TXNIP, ASK-1 and cleaved-caspase-3 was up-regulated in group I/R ( P<0.05). Compared with group I/R, the Chiu′s score, serum DAO concentration and apoptosis rate of intestinal epithelial cells were significantly decreased, and the expression of TXNIP, ASK-1 and cleaved-caspase-3 was down-regulated in group Res ( P<0.05). Compared with I/R group, the Chiu′s score, serum DAO concentration and apoptosis rate of intestinal epithelial cells were significantly decreased, and the expression of TXNIP, ASK-1 and cleaved-caspase-3 was down-regulated in Dex group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The mechanism by which dexmedetomidine alleviates intestinal I/R injury may be related to inhibition of the TXNIP/ASK1 signaling pathway and reduction of cell apoptosis in mice.

Objective:To explore the effects of different feeding patterns on weight gain and feeding intolerance in hospitalized premature infants.Methods:The retrospective cohort study design was adopted. From April 2019 to October 2020, 155 premature infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of China-Japan Friendship Hospital were selected as the study subject by convenience sampling. Premature infants were divided into a mixed feeding group ( n=47) and a formula milk feeding group ( n=108) based on their feeding patterns. The observation indicators included weight gain, feeding intolerance, infectious diseases, nutrition and other related indicators. Results:The weight change value and the weight change rate during hospitalization in the mixed feeding group were higher than those in the formula milk feeding group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) . In terms of the total milk volume on the day of discharge, the mixed feeding group were higher than the formula milk feeding group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . During hospitalization, the number of new infectious diseases in the mixed feeding group was less than that in the formula milk feeding group, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05) . There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of feeding intolerance between the two groups of premature infants ( P>0.05) , The incidence of vomiting in the formula milk feeding group was lower than that in the mixed feeding group, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Mixed feeding is more conducive to promoting the weight gain of premature infants during hospitalization and reducing the occurrence of infectious diseases than formula milk feeding. The impact of two feeding patterns on feeding intolerance in hospitalized premature infants needs further comparative analysis.

AIM: To explore the role and mechanism of silent mating type information regulator 2 homolog 3 (SIRT3) in attenuation of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by dexmedetomidine in mice. METHODS: Twenty-four healthy male C57BL mice were divided into 4 groups randomly (n=6): sham operation group (Sham group), intestinal ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R group), dexmedetomidine group (Dex group), SIRT3 inhibitor 3-TYP group (3-TYP group). Superior mesenteric artery was clamped for 45 min followed by reperfusion for 2 h to establish intestinal I/R model in I/R group, Dex group, and 3-TYP group. Sham group received sole sham operation. 1 h prior to onset of ischemia, 3-TYP was injected into mice in 3-TYP group intraperitoneally (5 mg/kg, diluted to 0.3 mL), and 0.3 mL normal saline into mice in Dex group intraperitoneally. 30 min prior to onset of ischemia, dexmedetomidine was injected into mice in 3-TYP group and Dex group intraperitoneally (25 μg/kg, diluted to 0.3 mL). 1 h and 30 min prior to onset of ischemia, 0.3 mL normal saline was injected into mice in Sham group and I/R group intraperitoneally, respectively. 2 h of after reperfusion, the mice were sacrificed under anesthesia. Intestinal tissues were took and observed for pathological changes under light microscope after HE staining, and the injury was assessed via the Chiu's score method, and activities of SIRT3 and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) were detected via spectrophotometry, and malondialdehyde (MDA) via spectrophotometry. RESULTS: The pathological injury was exacerbated, and the Chiu's score, the MDA level elevated remarkably, while the activity level of SIRT3 and SOD2 declined remarkably in I/R group, Dex group and 3-TYP group compared to Sham group (P<0.05). The pathological injury was alleviated, and the Chiu's score declined remarkably in Dex group and 3-TYP group compared to I/R group (P<0.05); and the MDA level declined remarkably, while activity level of SIRT3 and SOD2 elevated remarkably in Dex group compared to I/R group (P<0.05); and there was no significant difference both in the activity level of SIRT3 and SOD2 and in the MDA level between 3-TYP group and I/R group. The pathological injury was exacerbated, and the Chiu's score, the MDA level elevated remarkably, while the activity level of SIRT3 and SOD2 declined remarkably in 3-TYP group compared to Dex group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: SIRT3 and its downstream SOD2 are involved in mediating the effect of attenuation of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury through inhibiting oxidative stress response by dexmedetomidine.

Hospital culture plays an important role in the orderly operation of large shelter hospitals as well as epidemic prevention and control.From April to May 2022, the shelter hospital of the National Convention and Exhibition Center(Shanghai) had created the large shelter hospital culture co-built by doctors and patients with a greater sense of belonging by taking measures such as joint party building between doctors and patients, giving play to the vanguard force of party members, carrying out various forms of cultural, sports and science popularization activities, encouraging enthusiastic patients to participate in activity planning, focusing on key groups, formulating shelter " residents convention", and so on. These measures ultimately formed cultural adaptation, cultural synchronization and cultural shaping, which were conducive to enhancing the empathy of doctors and patients, improving the effectiveness of medical implementation, and promoting the standardization of shelter management system. This harmonious, warm and autonomous culture co-built by doctors and patients effectively ensures the safe and orderly operation of the shelter hospital, and provides reference for the construction of the cultural system of large shelter hospitals in China.

Objective:To establish and evaluate a new real-time quality control method that can identify the random errors by using the backpropagation neural network (BPNN) algorithm and taking blood glucose test as an example.Methods:A total of 219 000 blood glucose results measured by Siemens advia 2 400 analytical system from January 2019 to July 2020 and derived from Laboratory Information System of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Laboratory Department was regarded as the unbiased data of our study. Six deviations with different sizes were introduced to generate the corresponding biased data. With each biased data, BPNN and MovSD algorithms were used and tested, and then evaluated by traceability method and clinical method.Results:For BPNN algorithm, the block size was pre-set to 10 and the false-positive rate in all biases was within 0.1%. For MovSD, however, the optimal block size and exclusive limit were 150 and 10% separately and its false-positive rate in all biases was 0.38%, which was 0.28% higher than BPNN. Especially, for the least two error factors of 0.5 and 1, all the random errors were not detected by MovSD; for the error factor larger than 1, random errors could be detected by MovSD but the MNPed was higher than that of BPNN under all deviations. The difference was up to 91.67 times. 460 000 reference data were produced by traceability procedure. The uncertainty of BPNN algorithm evaluated by these reference data was only 0.078%.Conclusion:A real-time quality control method based on BPNN algorithm was successfully established to identify random errors in analytical phase, which was more efficient than MovSD method and provided a new idea and method for the identification of random errors in clinical practice.

Objective To rapidly explore the chemical components of Xiaotan Tongfu formula, and to provide scientific basis for the basic research and clinical treatment of the formula. Methods Analysis was performed on an Agilent 1290 ultra-performance liquid chromatography system coupled with an Agilent 6530 accurate quality Q-TOF/MS system, by using a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm), with a gradient elution applying 0.1% aqueous formic acid solution and acetonitrile as a mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.3 ml/min. The column temperature was 30°C. The injection volume was 1 μl, and the detection wavelength was 254 nm. Mass spectrometry (MS) data were collected in both positive and negative ESI ion modes. Components in the formula were identified by using the in-house compound database, and comparing the retention time (tR), MS1 and MS2 data with the standard compounds, and the online compound MS database. Results A total of 55 compounds were identified from Coptis coptidis, Pseudomonas solani, Rhubarb, Araceae artemisiae and Pinellia chinensis. Conclusion The established UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS method could systematically and accurately identify the chemical components from Xiaotan Tongfu formula, and provided a reference for the quality marker selection and the research on the active ingredient.