Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder among the elderly, and BuChE has emerged as a potential therapeutic target. In this study, we reported the development of compound 8e, a selective reversible BuChE inhibitor (eqBuChE IC₅₀ = 0.049 μmol/L, huBuChE IC₅₀ = 0.066 μmol/L), identified through extensive virtual screening and lead optimization. Compound 8e demonstrated favorable blood-brain barrier permeability, good drug-likeness property and pronounced neuroprotective efficacy. Additionally, 8e exhibited significant therapeutic effects in zebrafish AD models and scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments in mice. Further, 8e significantly improved cognitive function in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Proteomics analysis demonstrated that 8e markedly elevated the expression levels of very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), offering valuable insights into its potential modulation of the Reelin-mediated signaling pathway. Thus, compound 8e emerges as a novel and potent BuChE inhibitor for the treatment of AD, with significant implications for further exploration into its mechanisms of action and therapeutic applications.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To explore the application effectiveness of the large language model DeepSeek in the cultivation of clinical thinking skills for medical laboratory technology students.Methods:A non-randomized controlled study was conducted. In the 2024-2025 academic year, two classes of second-year medical laboratory technology students from Hubei University of Chinese Medicine were selected and divided into a DeepSeek-assisted teaching group (Class A, n=53) and a traditional teaching control group (Class B, n=53), totaling 106 students. Both groups followed a 20-week problem-based learning (PBL) framework with identical teaching content, instructors, and class hours. Class A utilized DeepSeek via the"Learning Pass AI"platform for case diagnosis reasoning, prompt construction training, test plan formulation, and result analysis, while Class B received traditional PBL instruction. Paired t-tests were used to compare pre-and post-teaching scores in clinical thinking skills, AI interaction literacy, and prompt construction in Class A. Independent samples t-tests and chi-square ( χ2) tests were used to evaluate differences in case reasoning scores, etiology analysis accuracy, and teaching satisfaction between groups. Structured questionnaires supplemented the evaluation of model-assisted teaching processes. Results:The comparison of pre-and post-teaching scores in Class A showed that post-teaching scores significantly improved in clinical thinking skills[(4.02±0.45) points vs. (3.09±0.50) points, t=2.23)] and AI interaction literacy [(4.62±0.41) points vs. (3.27±0.54) points, t=2.18]. Compared to Class B, Class A demonstrated superior performance in case reasoning scores [(81.1±3.8) points vs.(74.3±4.2) points, t=8.97], etiology analysis accuracy [94.3% (50/53) vs. 81.1% (43/53), χ2=4.29], and teaching satisfaction [(95.6±3.2)points vs. (82.6±4.8) points, t=11.86] ( P<0.05). The results of questionnaires indicated that during model application, the prompt construction improved in logic [(2.85±0.58) points to (4.25±0.50) points, t=14.23, P<0.01] and innovation [(2.60±0.53) points to (4.05±0.46) points, t=11.57, P<0.05], but question clarity (77.4%, 41/53) and medical terminology accuracy (43.4%, 23/53) remained primary shortcomings. Conclusion:Integrating large language models into AI-teacher collaborative learning pathways can effectively promote students′ autonomous inquiry and clinical reasoning skills, thereby enhancing medical laboratory technology students′ clinical thinking skills.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To explore the application effectiveness of the large language model DeepSeek in the cultivation of clinical thinking skills for medical laboratory technology students.Methods:A non-randomized controlled study was conducted. In the 2024-2025 academic year, two classes of second-year medical laboratory technology students from Hubei University of Chinese Medicine were selected and divided into a DeepSeek-assisted teaching group (Class A, n=53) and a traditional teaching control group (Class B, n=53), totaling 106 students. Both groups followed a 20-week problem-based learning (PBL) framework with identical teaching content, instructors, and class hours. Class A utilized DeepSeek via the"Learning Pass AI"platform for case diagnosis reasoning, prompt construction training, test plan formulation, and result analysis, while Class B received traditional PBL instruction. Paired t-tests were used to compare pre-and post-teaching scores in clinical thinking skills, AI interaction literacy, and prompt construction in Class A. Independent samples t-tests and chi-square ( χ2) tests were used to evaluate differences in case reasoning scores, etiology analysis accuracy, and teaching satisfaction between groups. Structured questionnaires supplemented the evaluation of model-assisted teaching processes. Results:The comparison of pre-and post-teaching scores in Class A showed that post-teaching scores significantly improved in clinical thinking skills[(4.02±0.45) points vs. (3.09±0.50) points, t=2.23)] and AI interaction literacy [(4.62±0.41) points vs. (3.27±0.54) points, t=2.18]. Compared to Class B, Class A demonstrated superior performance in case reasoning scores [(81.1±3.8) points vs.(74.3±4.2) points, t=8.97], etiology analysis accuracy [94.3% (50/53) vs. 81.1% (43/53), χ2=4.29], and teaching satisfaction [(95.6±3.2)points vs. (82.6±4.8) points, t=11.86] ( P<0.05). The results of questionnaires indicated that during model application, the prompt construction improved in logic [(2.85±0.58) points to (4.25±0.50) points, t=14.23, P<0.01] and innovation [(2.60±0.53) points to (4.05±0.46) points, t=11.57, P<0.05], but question clarity (77.4%, 41/53) and medical terminology accuracy (43.4%, 23/53) remained primary shortcomings. Conclusion:Integrating large language models into AI-teacher collaborative learning pathways can effectively promote students′ autonomous inquiry and clinical reasoning skills, thereby enhancing medical laboratory technology students′ clinical thinking skills.

Objective:To establish an animal model of trans-sutural distraction osteogenesis in SD rats.Methods:A self-designed V-shaped distraction device(distractor)was fabricated with the traction force(N)of 0,1.3,2.2,3.0,4.3 and 5.0 corresponding to the distraction length(mm)of 5,4,3,2,1 and 0 respectively,meeting the trans-sutural distraction osteogenesis requirements in skull of 5-week-old SD rats.The distractor was plased into the sagittal suture of 12 SD rats.Continuous sampling was conducted 1,3,5 and 7 days respectively(n=3)after operation.The tissue changes in the trans-sutural distraction area were observed by HE and Masson's trichrome staining.Inflammation levels were determined using Arg-1 immunofluorescence staining.The early angiogenesis was clarified through co-staining with CD31 and EMCN.Results:A stable trans-sutural distraction osteogenesis model was estab-lished,5 mm distraction osteogenesis width was observed completely within 7 days of distraction.Significant new bone formation was observed at 7 days after operation.Arg-1 expression increased and was concentrated at the bone margins,overlapping with the areas of new bone formation.EMCN expression gradually decreased,and by day 7 CD31 was predominant,indicating the basic maturation of blood vessels.Conclusion:This study successfully constructed a stable and effective trans-sutural distraction osteogenesis animal model,and provides an experimental basis for the investigation of its early continuous histological changes.

Objective To investigate the impact of the precise dissection and reconstruction of the prostate apex and bladder neck urethra during radical prostatectomy on the improvement in postoperative urinary control in patients with prostate cancer.Methods A retrospective study was conducted.A total of 131 prostate cancer patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy at our institution between January 1,2023 and December 31,2023 were enrolled.The subjects were divided into two groups,with 64 in the experimental group and 67 in the control group.Patients in the experimental group underwent radical prostatectomy in a modified approach,while those in the control group underwent conventional radical prostatectomy.Propensity score matching was employed to match the two groups at a 1-to-l ratio based on age,body mass index(BMI),preoperative prostate specific antigen(PSA),prostate volume,Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System(PI-RADS)scores,biopsy Gleason score,and preoperative urinary control status.After matching,we compared the preoperative baseline data,surgical margin positivity rates,and urinary control status at 3 months post operation between the two groups.Urinary control was assessed before and after surgery using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form(ICIQ-UI SF)scale.Results A total of 56 pairs of patients were successfully matched between the experimental group and the control group through 1-to-l propensity score matching.At 3 months after surgery,the median score for ICIQ-SF scale of the experimental group was 7.0 points,while that of the control group was 9.5 points,with the difference being statistical significant(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the positive rate of incision margins between the experimental group and the control group.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that both the prostate volume and the Gleason score in the experimental group were positively correlated with the ICIQ-UI SF scores 3 months after surgery(P＜0.05),while the age of patients in the control group was positively correlated with ICIQ-UI SF score 3 months after surgery(P＜0.05).Conclusion Precise dissection and reconstruction of the prostate apex and bladder neck urethra during radical prostatectomy significantly improve the postoperative urinary control of patients at 3 months after surgery.

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/metabolism* ; Humans ; Microfilament Proteins/metabolism* ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Mutation ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism* ; Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Troponin T/metabolism*

Objective::This study is aimed to analyze the long-term safety and effectiveness of second-generation cryoballoon (CB2) ablation in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods::Data from 760 consecutive patients in the Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from August 2016 to December 2018 with drug-refractory symptomatic AF undergoing pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using CB2 were assessed. Procedure-related safety and freedom from AF and atrial flutter/atria tachycardia through 3 years were determined. The risk factors related to atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence were analyzed.Results::Acute PVI was achieved in 100% of the 760 patients. Radiofrequency application for additional focal ablation was needed in 11 (1.4%) patients and for 14 pulmonary veins (0.5%, 14/(760×4)) to achieve PVI. A total of 748 patients, including 539 with paroxysmal AF (PAF) and 209 with persistent AF (SAF) completed the follow-up, and only 12 (1.6%) patients were lost. The mean follow-up duration was (19±8) months. The rate of major complications was 0.9%, including 0.8% of right phrenic nerve injury, which resolved before discharge. Freedom from all tachyarrhythmias was achieved in 75.0%, 69.4%, and 63.2% of patients with PAF, respectively, at 12-, 24-, and 36-month follow-up, and in 75.1%, 67.4%, and 60.9% for SAF, with no significant differences between the PAF and SAF groups. AF course and the rate of body weight gain were independent risk factors for recurrence at 12 months after ablation ( P = 0.001 and P = 0.009, respectively). Conclusion::PVI using CB2 has a high acute success rate and good safety in the treatment of PAF and SAF. Long course of AF and weight gain after ablation were independent risk factors for recurrence.

Objective::This study is aimed to analyze the long-term safety and effectiveness of second-generation cryoballoon (CB2) ablation in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods::Data from 760 consecutive patients in the Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from August 2016 to December 2018 with drug-refractory symptomatic AF undergoing pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using CB2 were assessed. Procedure-related safety and freedom from AF and atrial flutter/atria tachycardia through 3 years were determined. The risk factors related to atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence were analyzed.Results::Acute PVI was achieved in 100% of the 760 patients. Radiofrequency application for additional focal ablation was needed in 11 (1.4%) patients and for 14 pulmonary veins (0.5%, 14/(760×4)) to achieve PVI. A total of 748 patients, including 539 with paroxysmal AF (PAF) and 209 with persistent AF (SAF) completed the follow-up, and only 12 (1.6%) patients were lost. The mean follow-up duration was (19±8) months. The rate of major complications was 0.9%, including 0.8% of right phrenic nerve injury, which resolved before discharge. Freedom from all tachyarrhythmias was achieved in 75.0%, 69.4%, and 63.2% of patients with PAF, respectively, at 12-, 24-, and 36-month follow-up, and in 75.1%, 67.4%, and 60.9% for SAF, with no significant differences between the PAF and SAF groups. AF course and the rate of body weight gain were independent risk factors for recurrence at 12 months after ablation ( P = 0.001 and P = 0.009, respectively). Conclusion::PVI using CB2 has a high acute success rate and good safety in the treatment of PAF and SAF. Long course of AF and weight gain after ablation were independent risk factors for recurrence.