Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Whether alpha wave synchronization is correlated with stimulus color is explored under the stimulus modes of binocular homo-frequency and binocular dual-frequency in low-,medium-or high-frequency ranges which are(fI±3),(2fI±3),and(4fI±3)Hz,respectively(colors being red,green,blue,where fI represents the spontaneous alpha wave frequency).Normalized Shannon entropy is served as an indicator to evaluate the degree of alpha wave synchronization,and the effects of stimulus modes and color combinations on alpha wave synchronization are investigated.The results indicate that under the stimulus modes of binocular homo-frequency and binocular dual-frequency in the low-,medium-or high-frequency ranges,regardless of red,green or blue light,the degree of alpha wave phase synchronization varies in an"Arnold's tongue"shape,with red>green>blue(in term of synchronization degree).Under the stimulus of binocular dual-frequency and different color lights,a change in the stimulus frequency of one eye affects the alpha wave synchronization of the other eye.These findings offer new insights for the diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment,and the combination of stimulus frequency,color and mode can address limitations in stimulus frequency selection for brain-computer interface technology.

Objective:To explore the influencing factors for falls in inpatients during the rehabilitation period of stroke and research humanistic care strategies.Methods:Using a retrospective case-control study design,32 stroke patients who experienced falls in the rehabilitation department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2019 to December 2022 were selected as the observation group,and 64 stroke patients who were hospitalized in the same department during the same period and did not suffer from falls were matched 1:2 by age and gender as the control group.Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors for falls in inpatients during the rehabilitation period of stroke.Results:The results of multivariate analysis showed that a history of falls(OR=8.688,P=0.036),a fall risk score(OR=1.615,P=0.018),sleep disorders(OR=5.378,P=0.031),malnutrition(OR=11.071,P=0.035),and osteoporosis(OR=15.831,P=0.006)were the independent risk factors for falls in inpatients during the rehabilitation period of stroke.Conclusion:There are many influencing factors for falls in inpatients during the rehabilitation period of stroke.Medical staff should take effective intervention measures based on different risk factors and implement humanistic care to reduce the incidence of falls in inpatients during the rehabilitation period of stroke.