As a major global public health concern,the incidence of depression disorder is increasing annually.The pathological mechanism of depression involves bidirectional dysregulation between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)and gut-brain axes.According to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the liver controls conveyance and dispersion,the spleen governs transportation and transformation,and both jointly maintain the balance between ascending and descending qi movement and zang fu viscera function in the body.Liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency result in qi movement disorder and a lack of source qi and blood,leading to depression induced by malnutrition of heart spirit.As a classic prescription for soothing the liver,invigorating the spleen,and replenishing blood,Xiaoyao Powder is used to reinforce healthy qi and eliminate pathogenic factors.Xiaoyao Powder not only regulates the"yin in property of liver"but also strengthens the"ascending and descending"of the spleen.As commonly used by ancient and modern physicians,also indirectly inhibits HPA axis upregulation and improves depression-related gastrointestinal dysfunction.This paper systematically expounds the multi-dimensional mechanism of Xiaoyao Powder in treating depression through the two-way regulation of the HPA-gut-brain axis.It reveals the therapeutic characteristics of"multi-component and multi-target"in TCM to provide a novel theoretical basis for the modernization of TCM and the treatment of depression by combining TCM and Western medicine.

Depression is closely associated with a neuro-endocrine-immune(NEI)system imbalance.The"excessive vitality leading to restraint and counter-regulation(Kang Hai Cheng Zhi)"theory elucidates the self-regulating mechanism for maintaining dynamic equilibrium in the body,and serves as an importance principle guiding treatment formulation and medication selection.Based on the correlation between NEI system imbalance and the traditional Chinese medicine pathogenesis of depression,and integrating the"Kang Hai Cheng Zhi"theory,the author posits that the pathogenesis of depression lies in overactive liver invading spleen,earth dampness impeding wood′s ascendancy,and disharmony between body and mind,as well as imbalance in storage and discharge functions of liver and kidney,disharmony between Yin and Yang,and disrupted counter-regulation.This dosely aligns with two key pathological methanisms at the micro level:microglial-limbic system homeostatic imbalance and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis-inflammatory circuit dysregulation.Clinically,the treatment principle for depression adheres to supporting the counter-regulation to restrain excess,with herbal interventions using strategies such as restraining wood to support earth,dredging earth to unblock wood,and harmonizing pivotal functions,as well as nourishing water to nurture wood,warming kidney to tonify liver,and relieving depression to calm the spirit.These approaches aim to regulate the liver,spleen,and kidney,embodying the core therapeutic tenet of"striving for equilibrium,"thereby restoring the body′s self-regulating capability.

As a major global public health concern,the incidence of depression disorder is increasing annually.The pathological mechanism of depression involves bidirectional dysregulation between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)and gut-brain axes.According to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the liver controls conveyance and dispersion,the spleen governs transportation and transformation,and both jointly maintain the balance between ascending and descending qi movement and zang fu viscera function in the body.Liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency result in qi movement disorder and a lack of source qi and blood,leading to depression induced by malnutrition of heart spirit.As a classic prescription for soothing the liver,invigorating the spleen,and replenishing blood,Xiaoyao Powder is used to reinforce healthy qi and eliminate pathogenic factors.Xiaoyao Powder not only regulates the"yin in property of liver"but also strengthens the"ascending and descending"of the spleen.As commonly used by ancient and modern physicians,also indirectly inhibits HPA axis upregulation and improves depression-related gastrointestinal dysfunction.This paper systematically expounds the multi-dimensional mechanism of Xiaoyao Powder in treating depression through the two-way regulation of the HPA-gut-brain axis.It reveals the therapeutic characteristics of"multi-component and multi-target"in TCM to provide a novel theoretical basis for the modernization of TCM and the treatment of depression by combining TCM and Western medicine.

Depression is closely associated with a neuro-endocrine-immune(NEI)system imbalance.The"excessive vitality leading to restraint and counter-regulation(Kang Hai Cheng Zhi)"theory elucidates the self-regulating mechanism for maintaining dynamic equilibrium in the body,and serves as an importance principle guiding treatment formulation and medication selection.Based on the correlation between NEI system imbalance and the traditional Chinese medicine pathogenesis of depression,and integrating the"Kang Hai Cheng Zhi"theory,the author posits that the pathogenesis of depression lies in overactive liver invading spleen,earth dampness impeding wood′s ascendancy,and disharmony between body and mind,as well as imbalance in storage and discharge functions of liver and kidney,disharmony between Yin and Yang,and disrupted counter-regulation.This dosely aligns with two key pathological methanisms at the micro level:microglial-limbic system homeostatic imbalance and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis-inflammatory circuit dysregulation.Clinically,the treatment principle for depression adheres to supporting the counter-regulation to restrain excess,with herbal interventions using strategies such as restraining wood to support earth,dredging earth to unblock wood,and harmonizing pivotal functions,as well as nourishing water to nurture wood,warming kidney to tonify liver,and relieving depression to calm the spirit.These approaches aim to regulate the liver,spleen,and kidney,embodying the core therapeutic tenet of"striving for equilibrium,"thereby restoring the body′s self-regulating capability.

Depression,as a common mental illness in the world,has troubled hundreds of millions of patients,affecting the normal life and work of patients,and in serious cases,suicidal tendencies may occur. Depression can be classified into the categories of stagnation syndrome,running piglet,lily disease,and other diseases in traditional Chinese medicine,the mechanism of the disease is mostly related to depression and stagnation,and the clinical symptoms such as low mood and oppression in chest often appear. Based on ZHANG Jingyue's theory of "yang moving and dispersing",under the pathological state of "yang moving and dispersing",yang disperses and is deficient,leading to yang immobile,and then becomes depression,which ultimately leading to yang depression and the onset of the disease. Clinical treatment should be based on the basic therapeutic method of promoting yang and resolving depression,warming and tonifying yang qi,and regulating qi movement,so as to carry out the syndrome differentiation and treatment of depression.

To investigate the current situation and demand for specialized development of allergy nursing in 88 hospitals in Guangdong Province, as well as to provide evidence for the management of allergy nursing. From August to December 2023, a cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the core managers of allergy nursing-related work in eighty-eight hospitals in Guangdong Province supported by the Allergy Nursing Branch of the Guangdong Nurses Association and the Nursing Group of the Allergy Branch of the Guangdong Medical Association. An online survey was conducted using the Delphi method to compile a questionnaire on the current status and demand for specialized development of allergy nursing in Guangdong Province. Chi-square tests and Fisher′s exact probability method were used to analyze the differences in the current status of specialty technology applications and the development and demand of specialized nursing between hospitals with or without allergy specialty departments. The results showed that among the eighty-eight hospitals in the nineteen prefecture-level cities surveyed in Guangdong Province, 17 hospitals (19%) had established allergy specialty departments, all of which were top-tier tertiary hospitals. The establishment duration [ M ( Q1, Q3)] was 3 (1, 10) years. The implementation rates of skin prick test (94%, 16/17), in-vitro examination (82%, 14/17), nasal endoscopy (82%, 14/17), subcutaneous specific immunotherapy (82%, 14/17), multidisciplinary consultation (65%, 11/17), fractional exhaled nitric oxide detection (47%, 8/17), skin patch test (41%, 7/17), and autologous serum skin test (35%, 6/17) in hospitals with allergy department were higher than those in hospitals without allergy department [59%, 42/71 ( χ 2= 7.462, P=0.006)], [54%, 38/71 ( χ 2= 4.717, P=0.030)], [51%, 36/71 ( χ 2= 5.599, P=0.018)], [34%, 24/71 ( χ 2= 13.177, P<0.001)], [24%, 17/71 ( χ 2= 10.505, P=0.001)], [24%, 17/71 ( χ 2= 5.540, P=0.019)], [11%, 8/71 (Fisher′s exact test, P=0.008)], [11%, 8/71 (Fisher′s exact test, P=0.025)]. In the development plan of allergy nursing in the next two years, hospitals that had set up allergy departments had a higher proportion in adding nurses (82%, 14/17, χ 2= 13.177, P<0.001), formulating specialized nurse training plans (71%, 12/17, χ 2= 3.980, P=0.046), formulating group standards or clinical guidelines (41%, 7/17, Fisher′s exact test, P=0.046), and formulating assessment standards (53%, 9/17, Fisher′s exact test, P=0.002). The demand for all aspects of allergy specialty nursing knowledge and skills accounted for more than 50%, and it was not related to whether the hospital set up an allergy department. In conclusion, the specialized development of allergy nursing in Guangdong province is still in its early stages, and there is a great demand for improving knowledge and skills in allergy. Further standardization of specialty construction is needed, along with the training of allergic nurses, to promote the comprehensive development of allergic reaction nursing specialties from point to area.

To investigate the current situation and demand for specialized development of allergy nursing in 88 hospitals in Guangdong Province, as well as to provide evidence for the management of allergy nursing. From August to December 2023, a cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the core managers of allergy nursing-related work in eighty-eight hospitals in Guangdong Province supported by the Allergy Nursing Branch of the Guangdong Nurses Association and the Nursing Group of the Allergy Branch of the Guangdong Medical Association. An online survey was conducted using the Delphi method to compile a questionnaire on the current status and demand for specialized development of allergy nursing in Guangdong Province. Chi-square tests and Fisher′s exact probability method were used to analyze the differences in the current status of specialty technology applications and the development and demand of specialized nursing between hospitals with or without allergy specialty departments. The results showed that among the eighty-eight hospitals in the nineteen prefecture-level cities surveyed in Guangdong Province, 17 hospitals (19%) had established allergy specialty departments, all of which were top-tier tertiary hospitals. The establishment duration [ M ( Q1, Q3)] was 3 (1, 10) years. The implementation rates of skin prick test (94%, 16/17), in-vitro examination (82%, 14/17), nasal endoscopy (82%, 14/17), subcutaneous specific immunotherapy (82%, 14/17), multidisciplinary consultation (65%, 11/17), fractional exhaled nitric oxide detection (47%, 8/17), skin patch test (41%, 7/17), and autologous serum skin test (35%, 6/17) in hospitals with allergy department were higher than those in hospitals without allergy department [59%, 42/71 ( χ 2= 7.462, P=0.006)], [54%, 38/71 ( χ 2= 4.717, P=0.030)], [51%, 36/71 ( χ 2= 5.599, P=0.018)], [34%, 24/71 ( χ 2= 13.177, P<0.001)], [24%, 17/71 ( χ 2= 10.505, P=0.001)], [24%, 17/71 ( χ 2= 5.540, P=0.019)], [11%, 8/71 (Fisher′s exact test, P=0.008)], [11%, 8/71 (Fisher′s exact test, P=0.025)]. In the development plan of allergy nursing in the next two years, hospitals that had set up allergy departments had a higher proportion in adding nurses (82%, 14/17, χ 2= 13.177, P<0.001), formulating specialized nurse training plans (71%, 12/17, χ 2= 3.980, P=0.046), formulating group standards or clinical guidelines (41%, 7/17, Fisher′s exact test, P=0.046), and formulating assessment standards (53%, 9/17, Fisher′s exact test, P=0.002). The demand for all aspects of allergy specialty nursing knowledge and skills accounted for more than 50%, and it was not related to whether the hospital set up an allergy department. In conclusion, the specialized development of allergy nursing in Guangdong province is still in its early stages, and there is a great demand for improving knowledge and skills in allergy. Further standardization of specialty construction is needed, along with the training of allergic nurses, to promote the comprehensive development of allergic reaction nursing specialties from point to area.

Humans ; Multiple Myeloma/genetics* ; Karyotyping ; Translocation, Genetic/genetics*

Purpose: This study attempted to detect the changes of cervical cancer screening rate and willingness among female migrants, and the associated socio-demographic factors in Shenzhen city. Materials and Methods: Two citywide surveys were conducted using a multistage random cluster sampling method in 2011 and 2014, respectively. Data on demographic characteristics, screening participation, and willingness to screen were collected. Logistic regression models were applied to detect possible associated socio-demographic characteristics, and their variations with survey years. Results: In total, 12,017 female migrants were enrolled, with a mean age (standard deviation) of 36.73 (6.55) years. From 2011 to 2014, the screening rate increased (25.8% vs. 35.1%, p < 0.001), while the willingness to screen remained stable (82.2% vs. 82.8%, p=0.46). Overall, socio-demographic characteristics of female migrants, including age, marital status, education, monthly income, employment, and medical insurance, were found to be positively associated with screening participation. Similar impacts in relation to willingness were observed except for age. However, these associations varied with survey years, mainly in the contributions of education and monthly income to screening participation, as well as age, monthly income, and medical insurance to willingness of being screened. Conclusion Identifying changes of associated socio-demographic factors precisely is warranted of necessity, which provides novel clues to adjust targeted actions regularly in promoting cervical cancer screening participation among female migrants in Shenzhen.

Purpose: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to evaluate the differences on awareness and attitude towards human papillomavirus (HPV) and its vaccine between local and migrant residents who participated in cervical cancer screening in Shenzhen, China. Materials and Methods: A total of 9,855 females sampled from healthcare institutions in 20 street blocks through the Cervical Cancer Prevention Network were surveyed in this study by a self-administered questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to explore the role of the hukou and resident status in the willingness to receive HPV vaccination. Results: Local residents had a relatively higher awareness of HPV (62.0% vs. 35.6% vs. 29.9%, p < 0.001) and its vaccine (35.3% vs. 15.4% vs. 14.8%, p < 0.001), as well as a higher willingness to receive HPV vaccination (68.5% vs. 62.5% vs. 56.2%, p < 0.001) than non-permanent residents and floating population. Except for age, education level, marital status, monthly income, having daughter(s), and heard of HPV and its vaccine, the hukou and resident status significantly associated with the willingness to receive HPV vaccination (local residents vs. floating population: odds ratio, 1.216; 95% confidence interval, 1.057 to 1.398). None significant difference on the associated factors was found between local residents and internal migrants (p for interactions > 0.05). Conclusion Inequalities in awareness and attitude towards HPV and its vaccine existed between local and migrant residents in Shenzhen. The hukou and resident status did impact on the willingness to receive HPV vaccination, therefore, it is critical to implement effective health education campaigns on HPV and its vaccine among internal migrants.