1.Effects and mechanism of asperuloside on the pyroptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in rats with ulcerative colitis
Chao XU ; Xiaoping TAN ; Jie LI ; Minghua AI ; Yueyue LU ; Chaoyong LIU
China Pharmacy 2025;36(2):166-171
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanism of asperuloside (Asp) on the pyroptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in rats with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS The male SD rats were randomly divided into Control group, model group (UC group), ASP low-dose and high-dose groups [Asp-L, Asp-H groups, Asp 35, 70 mg/(kg·d)], ASP high-dose group+AMPK inhibitor Compound C group [Asp-H+Compound C group, Asp 70 mg/(kg·d)+Compound C 0.2 mg/(kg·d)], with 12 rats in each group. Except for Control group, the other groups were injected with 50% ethanol (0.25 mL)+5% 2,4, 6- trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid solution (2 mL/kg) into the intestinal cavity to construct UC model. After modeling, the rats in each drug group were given corresponding drug solution by gavage or (and) tail vein injection, once a day, for 14 consecutive days. After the last administration, the weight of rats in each group was measured, and the length of their colons was measured; disease activity index (DAI) score and colonic mucosal damage index (CMDI) score were performed, and the serum levels of inflammatory factors (interleukin-18, -1β, -6) were detected. The pathological changes of the colon tissue were observed. The expressions of pyroptosis-related proteins [caspase-1, gasdermin D (GSDMD)] in colon tissue, and pathway-related proteins such as adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) were all detected. RESULTS Compared with Control group, the colon tissue structure of rats in UC group was damaged, with obvious infiltration of inflammatory cells and edema. Their body weight, colon length and phosphorylation level of AMPK protein were significantly reduced or shortened; DAI and CMDI scores, serum levels of inflammatory factors, and the protein expressions of caspase-1, GSDMD, TXNIP, NLRP3 and ASC in colon tissue were increased or upregulated significantly (P<0.05). Compared with UC group, the pathological damage of colon tissue in rats was relieved in Asp-L and Asp-H groups, and all quantitative indicators were significantly improved (P<0.05); the improvement effect of Asp-H group was more significant (P<0.05). Compound C could significantly reverse the improvement effect of high-dose of Asp on the above indicators in UC rats (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Asp can improve inflammatory damage in colon tissue and inhibit pyroptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in UC rats, which is associated with the activation of AMPK and inhibition of TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
2.Effects and mechanism of asperuloside on the pyroptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in rats with ulcerative colitis
Chao XU ; Xiaoping TAN ; Jie LI ; Minghua AI ; Yueyue LU ; Chaoyong LIU
China Pharmacy 2025;36(2):166-171
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanism of asperuloside (Asp) on the pyroptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in rats with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS The male SD rats were randomly divided into Control group, model group (UC group), ASP low-dose and high-dose groups [Asp-L, Asp-H groups, Asp 35, 70 mg/(kg·d)], ASP high-dose group+AMPK inhibitor Compound C group [Asp-H+Compound C group, Asp 70 mg/(kg·d)+Compound C 0.2 mg/(kg·d)], with 12 rats in each group. Except for Control group, the other groups were injected with 50% ethanol (0.25 mL)+5% 2,4, 6- trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid solution (2 mL/kg) into the intestinal cavity to construct UC model. After modeling, the rats in each drug group were given corresponding drug solution by gavage or (and) tail vein injection, once a day, for 14 consecutive days. After the last administration, the weight of rats in each group was measured, and the length of their colons was measured; disease activity index (DAI) score and colonic mucosal damage index (CMDI) score were performed, and the serum levels of inflammatory factors (interleukin-18, -1β, -6) were detected. The pathological changes of the colon tissue were observed. The expressions of pyroptosis-related proteins [caspase-1, gasdermin D (GSDMD)] in colon tissue, and pathway-related proteins such as adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) were all detected. RESULTS Compared with Control group, the colon tissue structure of rats in UC group was damaged, with obvious infiltration of inflammatory cells and edema. Their body weight, colon length and phosphorylation level of AMPK protein were significantly reduced or shortened; DAI and CMDI scores, serum levels of inflammatory factors, and the protein expressions of caspase-1, GSDMD, TXNIP, NLRP3 and ASC in colon tissue were increased or upregulated significantly (P<0.05). Compared with UC group, the pathological damage of colon tissue in rats was relieved in Asp-L and Asp-H groups, and all quantitative indicators were significantly improved (P<0.05); the improvement effect of Asp-H group was more significant (P<0.05). Compound C could significantly reverse the improvement effect of high-dose of Asp on the above indicators in UC rats (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Asp can improve inflammatory damage in colon tissue and inhibit pyroptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in UC rats, which is associated with the activation of AMPK and inhibition of TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
3.Dingchan Granule (定颤颗粒) for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation with Syndrome of Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis:A Randomized,Double-Blinded,Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Xiaozhen CHENG ; Xingjuan CHEN ; Weina LI ; Lu XIAO ; Yunhan WANG ; Yun XU ; Yueyue NIU ; Ling FENG
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2025;66(12):1233-1240
ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effectiveness and safety of Dingchan Granule (定颤颗粒) for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with syndrome of qi stagnation and blood stasis. MethodsUsing a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled study method, 90 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome were divided into 45 cases each in the treatment group and the control group. Both groups were given conventional western medicine treatment, and the treatment group was additionally treated with Dingchan Granule, while the control group was treated with Dingchan Granule placebo, both of which were taken orally for 8 g each time twice a day. Both groups were treated for 8 weeks. We compared the clinical effectiveness, the improvement of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptoms and the recovery rate of atrial fibrillation between the two groups. We compared the number and duration of atrial fibrillation episodes, TCM symptoms score, atrial fibrillation symptom classification, 24-hour average ventricular rate, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), anxiety index, depression index before and after treatment, and evaluated the safety of the two groups. ResultsThe total clinical effectiveness rate in the treatment group was 82.22% (37/45), which was better than 60.00% (27/45) in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate of TCM syndrome effectiveness in the treatment group was 88.89% (40/45), which was better than 66.67% (30/45) in the control group (P<0.05); and the rate of atrial fibrillation regression in the treatment group was 26.67% (12/45), better than 6.67% (3/45) in the control group (P<0.05). The number and duration of atrial fibrillation episodes in both groups were significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the number and duration of atrial fibrillation episodes in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). The TCM syndrome scores of both groups after treatment were significantly lower than before treatment (P<0.01), and the scores of the treatment group was lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The severity of atrial fibrillation symptoms and the grading of atrial fibrillation symptoms in both groups after treatment were improved (P<0.01), and the degree of symptom improvement in the treatment group was better than that in the control group (P<0.01). The 24-hour average ventricular rate of both groups after treatment was significantly lower (P<0.01). The PSQI, anxiety index and depression index of the treatment group were all lower than before treatment (P<0.01), while the PSQI and anxiety index of the control group were both lower than before treatment (P<0.01 or P<0.05), the PSQI, anxiety index and depression index of the treatment group being lower than those of the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). No adverse events occurred in both groups, and no abnormalities were observed in blood, urine, stool routine, liver and kidney function, and coagulation function indexes. ConclusionDingchan Granule for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome can alleviate clinical symptom, improve TCM symptom scores, increase atrial fibrillation recovery rate, stabilise the average ventricular rate, and significantly improve the quality of sleep, alleviate the anxiety and depression, with a good safety profile.
4.Elevated TMCO1 expression in gastric cancer is associated poor prognosis and promotes malignant phenotypes of tumor cells by inhibiting apoptosis.
Bowen SONG ; Renjie ZHOU ; Ying XU ; Jinran SHI ; Zhizhi ZHANG ; Jing LI ; Zhijun GENG ; Xue SONG ; Lian WANG ; Yueyue WANG ; Lugen ZUO
Journal of Southern Medical University 2025;45(11):2385-2393
OBJECTIVES:
To investigate the impact of high expression of transmembrane and coiled helix structural domain 1 (TMCO1) on prognosis of gastric cancer and the possible mechanisms.
METHODS:
TMCO1 expression in gastric cancer and its effect on gastric cancer progression and prognosis were analyzed using publicly available databases and clinical data of patients undergoing radical surgery in our hospital, and its possible biological functions were explored using KEGG and GO analyses. In gastric cancer HGC-27 cells, the effects of lentivirus-mediated TMCO1 overexpression and TMCO1 silencing on cell apoptosis, proliferation, invasion and migration were examined.
RESULTS:
TMCO1 expression was significantly elevated in gastric cancer tissues (P<0.05), and its high expression was positively correlated with cancer progression (P<0.001) and a lowered postoperative 5-year survival rate of the patients (P<0.05). Bioinformatic analyses suggested that TMCO1 may affect gastric cancer cell apoptosis via Wnt signaling. In HGC-27 cells, TMCO1 overexpression significantly promoted tumor cell proliferation, inhibited cell apoptosis, and enhanced cell migration and invasion, whereas TMCO1 silencing produced the opposite effects. Western blotting showed that β-catenin levels were significantly upregulated in TMCO1-overexpressing cells and downregulated in cells with TMCO1 silencing.
CONCLUSIONS
TMCO1 is overexpressed in gastric cancer tissues, and its high expression promotes gastric cancer progression and affects long-term prognosis of the patients possibly by activating the Wnt/ β-catenin signaling pathway to inhibit apoptosis of gastric cancer cells.
Humans
;
Stomach Neoplasms/metabolism*
;
Apoptosis
;
Prognosis
;
Cell Line, Tumor
;
Cell Proliferation
;
Cell Movement
;
Wnt Signaling Pathway
;
beta Catenin/metabolism*
;
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
5.High YEATS2 expression promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Xuening JIANG ; Qingqing HUANG ; Ying XU ; Shunyin WANG ; Xiaofeng ZHANG ; Lian WANG ; Yueyue WANG ; Lugen ZUO
Journal of Southern Medical University 2025;45(11):2416-2426
OBJECTIVES:
To investigate YEATS2 expression in gastric cancer (GC), its prognostic value, and its regulatory role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of GC cells.
METHODS:
YEATS2 expression in GC was analyzed using publicly available databases. Paired GC and adjacent tissues were collected from 100 patients undergoing radical surgery for immunohistochemical detection of YEATS2 expression, and its correlations with the patients' clinicopathological parameters and Ki67 expression were analyzed. The prognostic value of YEATS2 was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox regression and ROC curves, and its regulatory mechanisms were analyzed using KEGG enrichment analysis. In cultured GC cell lines (HGC-27 and AGS), the effect of YEATS2 knockdown and overexpression on migration, invasion and EMT of the cells were examined with scratching assay, Transwell assay and Western blotting.
RESULTS:
YEATS2 was significantly overexpressed in GC tissues with a positive correlation with Ki67 (P<0.05). High YEATS2 expression was associated with elevated CEA (≥5 μg/L), CA19-9 (≥37 kU/L), T3-4 stage, and N2-3 stage (all P<0.05). Patients with high YEATS2 expression had significantly reduced 5-year survival (P<0.001); ROC analysis showed that YEATS2 expression levels had a sensitivity of 80.00% and a specificity of 66.67% for predicting patient survival (P<0.05). Cox regression identified high YEATS2 as an independent risk factor for poor postoperative 5-year survival outcome of GC patients (HR: 1.675, 95%CI: 1.013-2.771; P=0.045). KEGG enrichment analysis suggested involvement of YEATS2 in EMT in GC and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In cultured GC cells, YEATS2 overexpression significantly promoted cell migration and invasion, upregulated the expressions of vimentin, N-cadherin, Wnt and active β-catenin, and downregulated E-cadherin expression, and these changes were obviously suppressed by treatment with XAV-939 (a Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor).
CONCLUSIONS
High YEATS2 expression activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote EMT in GC and is correlated with poor prognosis of GC patients.
Humans
;
Stomach Neoplasms/pathology*
;
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
;
Wnt Signaling Pathway
;
Cell Line, Tumor
;
Prognosis
;
Cell Movement
;
Male
;
Female
;
beta Catenin/metabolism*
6.A fluorescence imaging tool targeting burn wounds: research on the application of pH low insertion peptide
Shuxian ZHU ; Xu CAO ; Jianzhong YAO ; Ruidong ZHOU ; Yueyue YANG ; Kai CHEN ; Kun HE
Chinese Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 2024;44(3):164-169
Objective:pH low insertion peptide (pHLIP)-variant 7 (var7)-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was used to explore an accurate imaging tool that targeted burn wounds to better perform burn debridement.Methods:Twelve rat models of burn wound were established and pHLIP-var7-FITC with different concentrations (0.5, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/ml) were injected from the rat tail vein for in vivo fluorescence imaging. By determining the concentration of fluorescent conjugates to the burn wound, the scope of wound injury necrosis was judged by combining pathological sections, and its residue and toxicity in important organs such as heart, liver, kidneys, and brain were detected. The Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test, Bonferroni correction method and one-way analysis of variance were used for data analysis. Results:Within 24 h, the fluorescence photons per unit area of the burn wound in the group of 0.5 mg/ml, 1.5 mg/ml and 2.0 mg/ml were 1.49(1.31, 1.65), 2.46(1.88, 2.68), 2.77 (1.94, 3.10)×10 7 p·s -1·cm -2·Sr -1, with significant differences in the overall distribution of fluorescence photons ( H=73.55, P<0.001). The fluorescence intensity was stronger in the group with higher concentration, but with no significant difference in the number of fluorescence photons between the group of 1.5 mg/ml and 2.0 mg/ml ( P=0.263, Bonferroni correction method). At 14 time points (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 12, 24 h), there was no significant difference in the overall mean of fluorescence photons ( F=1.04, P=0.419), and the tissue with burn necrosis seen in tissue sections was highly consistent with the fluorescence imaging region. There was no obvious fluorescence residue in the heart, liver, kidney and brain sections. Conclusion:In superficial second-degree burn tissue, pHLIP-var7-FITC can accurately target and gather on the burn wound within 24 h, showing a clear boundary between burn tissue and normal tissue, which can assist clinical surgical debridement to determine the extent of injury.
7.Effect of a new type of ampelopsis hydrogel on gouty arthritis with accumulation of dampness-heat syndrome
Meimei XU ; Liang GUO ; Yueyue CHEN ; Rongyue JING ; Yamei ZHU ; Dake XU ; Jing HE ; Bo XU ; Yan ZHOU ; Lei XU
Journal of Clinical Medicine in Practice 2024;28(5):25-30
Objective To investigate the interventional effect and mechanism of a novel ampelopsis hydrogel on dampness-heat accumulation syndrome of gouty arthritis. Methods A total of 90 patients with gouty arthritis who met the diagnostic criteria of western medicine and were differentiated as damp-heat accumulation syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) were randomly divided into treatment group, control group and blank group, with 30 patients in each group. The blank group was treated with etoricoxib only, the control group was treated with etoricoxib combined with ampelopsis hydrogel, and the treatment group was treated with etoricoxib combined with external application of ampelopsis hydrogel. The clinical efficacy, time to symptom improvement, safety, comfort, changes in syndrome scores of TCM, serum inflammatory factors[C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)], NF-κB signaling pathway-related proteins, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores for pain, and joint mobility were compared among the three groups before and after treatment. Results The total effective rates in the treatment group and control group were 93.33% and 90.00%, respectively, which were higher than 70.00% in the blank group (
8.Identification of USP2 as a novel target to induce degradation of KRAS in myeloma cells.
Yingying WANG ; Youping ZHANG ; Hao LUO ; Wei WEI ; Wanting LIU ; Weiwei WANG ; Yunzhao WU ; Cheng PENG ; Yanjie JI ; Jianfang ZHANG ; Chujiao ZHU ; Wenhui BAI ; Li XIA ; Hu LEI ; Hanzhang XU ; Leimiao YIN ; Wei WENG ; Li YANG ; Ligen LIU ; Aiwu ZHOU ; Yueyue WEI ; Qi ZHU ; Weiliang ZHU ; Yongqing YANG ; Zhijian XU ; Yingli WU
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024;14(12):5235-5248
Inducing the degradation of KRAS represents a novel strategy to combat cancers with KRAS mutation. In this study, we identify ubiquitin-specific protease 2 (USP2) as a novel deubiquitinating enzyme of KRAS in multiple myeloma (MM). Specifically, we demonstrate that gambogic acid (GA) forms a covalent bond with the cysteine 284 residue of USP2 through an allosteric pocket, inhibiting its deubiquitinating activity. Inactivation or knockdown of USP2 leads to the degradation of KRAS, resulting in the suppression of MM cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, overexpressing USP2 stabilizes KRAS and partially abrogates GA-induced apoptosis in MM cells. Furthermore, elevated USP2 levels may be associated with poorer prognoses in MM patients. These findings highlight the potential of the USP2/KRAS axis as a therapeutic target in MM, suggesting that strategically inducing KRAS degradation via USP2 inhibition could be a promising approach for treating cancers with KRAS mutations.
9.The penetration effect of ultrasound and Er:YAG laser irrigation activation techniques on dentine of infected human root canals
REN Yueyue ; XU Huihui ; LI Wuli ; ZHANG Miaomiao ; CHEN Feng ; LI Song
Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases 2023;31(8):573-579
Objective:
This ex vivo study evaluated the effect of ultrasound and Er:YAG laser irrigation activation techniques on the penetration of sodium hypochlorite solution into infected human root canal dentin, providing a reference for clinical infection control of infected root canals.
Methods :
Thirty-six cases of infected root canals were collected and randomly divided into three groups according to the irrigation technique: 12 cases in the conventional syringe irrigation (CSI) group, 12 cases in the passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) group, 12 cases in the Er:YAG laser and photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) group and 36 cases of clean root canals (12 cases in the CSI group, 12 cases in the PUI group, 12 cases in the PIPS group). All of the selected root canals were straight root canals of posterior teeth. After standardizing the root length, all canals were subjected to instrumentation and dynamic irrigation. 2% methylene blue solution was used to visualize the penetration of the irrigant. EXAKT cutting and grinding equipment was used to take transverse sections of 100-150 μm at the coronal, middle and apical thirds of the root canals. The data (maximum penetration depth, average penetration depth, and penetration percentage) were observed under a light microscope to evaluate the effect of dye penetration.
Results :
With the three irrigation techniques, the maximum penetration depth, average penetration depth and penetration percentage of the infected root canals were significantly lower than those of clean root canals in the full length of the root canal (P<0.05). The penetration percentage, average penetration depth and maximum penetration depth of the PIPS group were significantly higher than those of the CSI group in the coronal, middle and apical thirds of the infected root canal, respectively (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the maximum penetration depth, average penetration depth or penetration percentage between the PUI and CSI groups (P>0.05). There was also no significant difference in the maximum penetration depth, average penetration depth or penetration percentage between the PIPS and PUI groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion
The dentine permeability of infected root canals was weaker than that of clean root canals. Er:YAG laser-assisted irrigation activation technology could significantly improve the penetration of sodium hypochlorite solution into infected dentin, but passive ultrasonic irrigation did not significantly improve the penetration.
10.Immunoprotective role of dendritic cells in Chlamydia muridarum respiratory infection
Ruoyuan SUN ; Lu TAN ; Xiaoyu ZHA ; Yuqing TUO ; Shuaini YANG ; Jiajia ZENG ; Yueyue XU ; Hong ZHANG ; Tongxing QU ; Xuejun ZHANG ; Hong BAI
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology 2023;43(2):123-129
Objective:To investigate the role of dendritic cells (DC) in Chlamydia muridarum ( Cm) respiratory infection and their effect on adaptive immune response. Methods:C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 1×10 3 inclusion-forming units (IFU) of Cm through inhalation to establish the mouse model of Cm respiratory infection. The proportion of CD11c + MHCⅡ + DC and the expression of costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD80 and CD86) in spleen tissues were detected by flow cytometry on 0, 3 and 7 d after infection. The expression of IL-12p40, IL-10 and IL-6 at mRNA level in spleen tissues was detected by qPCR. Mouse splenic DC isolated on 7 d after Cm infection were sorted by magnetic beads and then transferred to recipient mice. Th1 response in the recipient mice was measured using intracellular cytokine staining 14 d after infection. Results:Cm respiratory infection induced massive infiltration of DC and promoted the expression of costimulatory molecules on splenic DC. The expression of IL-12 and IL-10 at mRNA level in splenic DC reached the peak on 3 d after infection. Transferring the splenic DC of Cm-infected mice into the recipient mice could alleviate the disease condition in the recipient mice after Cm infection with reduced Cm inclusion-forming units in lung tissues and significantly increased proportion of Th1 cells in lung and spleen tissues. Conclusions:Cm respiratory infection could induce the maturation and activation of DC, which promoted Th1 immune response. DC played an important role in Cm infection.


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