Gamma-ray detection plays an indispensable role in nuclear medicine (e.g., positron emission tomography/computed tomography), environmental monitoring, geological exploration, high-energy physics, and security inspection. Detectors based on scintillation crystals have emerged as the mainstream choice for gamma-ray detection due to their balanced overall performance, strong environmental adaptability, and cost-effectiveness. Their core components consist of scintillation crystals and photodetectors. In recent years, silicon-based photodetectors, represented by avalanche photodiodes and silicon photomultipliers, have developed rapidly, offering high detection efficiency and sensitivity to long-wavelength photons. However, the emission wavelengths of current commercial scintillation crystals are primarily in the blue-green region (350-600 nm). This severely mismatches the high quantum efficiency of silicon-based devices in the red/near-infrared wavelength range (>600 nm), leading to low overall light detection efficiency of the system. To fully explore the potential performance of novel silicon-based photodetectors, there is an urgent need to develop scintillation materials with red/near-infrared emission. This review summarizes the development history and research status of red/near-infrared emission scintillation crystals, introduces near-infrared emission scintillation crystals based on Eu²⁺/Yb²⁺-Sm²⁺ co-doping and Yb³⁺ luminescence, and briefly discusses existing problems and development trends in this field.

Gamma-ray detection plays an indispensable role in nuclear medicine (e.g., positron emission tomography/computed tomography), environmental monitoring, geological exploration, high-energy physics, and security inspection. Detectors based on scintillation crystals have emerged as the mainstream choice for gamma-ray detection due to their balanced overall performance, strong environmental adaptability, and cost-effectiveness. Their core components consist of scintillation crystals and photodetectors. In recent years, silicon-based photodetectors, represented by avalanche photodiodes and silicon photomultipliers, have developed rapidly, offering high detection efficiency and sensitivity to long-wavelength photons. However, the emission wavelengths of current commercial scintillation crystals are primarily in the blue-green region (350-600 nm). This severely mismatches the high quantum efficiency of silicon-based devices in the red/near-infrared wavelength range (>600 nm), leading to low overall light detection efficiency of the system. To fully explore the potential performance of novel silicon-based photodetectors, there is an urgent need to develop scintillation materials with red/near-infrared emission. This review summarizes the development history and research status of red/near-infrared emission scintillation crystals, introduces near-infrared emission scintillation crystals based on Eu²⁺/Yb²⁺-Sm²⁺ co-doping and Yb³⁺ luminescence, and briefly discusses existing problems and development trends in this field.

Gamma-ray detection plays an indispensable role in nuclear medicine (e.g., positron emission tomography/computed tomography), environmental monitoring, geological exploration, high-energy physics, and security inspection. Detectors based on scintillation crystals have emerged as the mainstream choice for gamma-ray detection due to their balanced overall performance, strong environmental adaptability, and cost-effectiveness. Their core components consist of scintillation crystals and photodetectors. In recent years, silicon-based photodetectors, represented by avalanche photodiodes and silicon photomultipliers, have developed rapidly, offering high detection efficiency and sensitivity to long-wavelength photons. However, the emission wavelengths of current commercial scintillation crystals are primarily in the blue-green region (350-600 nm). This severely mismatches the high quantum efficiency of silicon-based devices in the red/near-infrared wavelength range (>600 nm), leading to low overall light detection efficiency of the system. To fully explore the potential performance of novel silicon-based photodetectors, there is an urgent need to develop scintillation materials with red/near-infrared emission. This review summarizes the development history and research status of red/near-infrared emission scintillation crystals, introduces near-infrared emission scintillation crystals based on Eu²⁺/Yb²⁺-Sm²⁺ co-doping and Yb³⁺ luminescence, and briefly discusses existing problems and development trends in this field.

Abstract In recent years, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents has risen rapidly, posing a serious threat to their physical and mental health. To provide scientific, systematic, and standardized weight management guidance for overweight and obese children and adolescents, the study focuses on the core concept of healthy lifestyle intervention, integrates multidisciplinary expert opinions and research findings,and proposes a comprehensive multidisciplinary intervention framework covering scientific exercise intervention, precise nutrition and diet, optimized sleep management, and standardized psychological support. It calls for the establishment of a multi agent collaborative management mechanism led by the government, implemented by families, fostered by schools, initiated by individuals, optimized by communities, reinforced by healthcare, and coordinated by multiple stakeholders. Emphasizing a child and adolescent centered approach, the consensus advocates for comprehensive, multi level, and personalized guidance strategies to promote the internalization and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle. It serves as a reference and provides recommendations for the effective prevention and control of overweight and obesity, and enhancing the health level of children and adolescents.

The paper summarizes the imaging evaluation methods for assessing the degree of carotid artery stenosis and analyzes the unique advantages and limitations of various imaging techniques in vascular imaging based on existing guidelines and consensus.The paper focuses on reviewing the clinical applications of several novel ultrasound technologies,including the use of advanced hemodynamic parameters such as blood flow dispersion(Tur index)and wall shear stress(WSS).Carotid artery stenosis is closely associated with cardiovascular disease.Although non-invasive and radiation-free ultrasound technology has certain limitations in diagnostic accuracy to a certain extent,with the continuous emergence of advanced functions such as ultrasound hemodynamics and vascular elasticity,the combination of multi-modality and multi-parameter ultrasound is expected to become an important method for efficient diagnosis of arterial stenosis in the future.

The Ehlers-Danlos syndrome(EDS)is a rare inherent connective tissue disorder.The prev-alence of EDS in the population is estimated at one out of ten thousand to one out of a hundred thousand.The vascular EDS(vEDS)are rare among the subtypes but are the worst in prognosis.The article reports a case of vEDS admitted to the hospital.The patient was a young man complaining of a sudden onset of aphasia in right hemiparalysis and severe left abdominal pain for unknown reasons.The diagnosis was made after the genetic testing.The patient suffered from vEDS.Then,the multi-disciplinary team(MDT)made a treatment plan tailored to this young patient.The complexity in classification and delusive presentations of the EDS make the correct diagnosis very challenging.This article hopes to report this case and to share the experiences to the bet-ter understanding of this disease.

Objective:To explore the role of mechanical hemodynamic support (MHS) in mapping and catheter ablation of patients with hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia (VT), report single-center experience in a cohort of consecutive patients receiving VT ablation during MHS therapy, and provide evidence-based medical evidence for clinical practice.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study. Patients with hemodynamically unstable VT who underwent catheter ablation with MHS at Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University between August 2021 and December 2023 were included. Patients were divided into rescue group and preventive group according to the purpose of treatment. Their demographic data, periprocedural details, and clinical outcomes were collected and analyzed.Results:A total of 15 patients with hemodynamically unstable VT were included (8 patients in the rescue group and 7 patients in the preventive group). The acute procedure was successful in all patients. One patient in the rescue group had surgical left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, remaining 14 patients received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for circulation support. ECMO decannulation was performed in 12 patients due to clinical and hemodynamic stability, of which 6 patients were decannulation immediately after surgery and the remaining patients were decannulation at 2.0 (2.5) d after surgery. Two patients in the rescue group died during the index admission due to refractory heart failure and cerebral hemorrhage. During a median follow-up of 30 d (1 d to 12 months), one patient with LVAD had one episode of ventricular fibrillation at 6 months after discharge, and no further episodes of ventricular fibrillation and/or VT occurred after treatment with antiarrhythmic drugs. No malignant ventricular arrhythmia occurred in the remaining 12 patients who were followed up.Conclusions:MHS contributes to the successful completion of mapping and catheter ablation in patients with hemodynamically unstable VT, providing desirable hemodynamic status for emergency and elective conditions.

Objective:To investigate the enrollment scale and distribution of Master's Degree in Pediatrics programs in China, and to provide a reference for promoting pediatric education and disciplinary development.Methods:Data on colleges and universities authorized to award Master's Degree in Pediatrics in 2023 were collected, sorted, and analyzed for the number, structure, distribution, and enrollment scale and direction of these institutions using descriptive statistics.Results:Among the 117 clinical medicine academic master's degree programs in China, 72 enroll pediatric academic master's degree candidates, with an enrollment of 260 students. Among the 120 master's degree programs in clinical medicine, 104 enroll professional master's degree candidates, enrolling 1 195 students. Enrollment is mainly concentrated in East China, "non-double first-class" colleges and universities, medical colleges and universities with subject level B, and enrollment is carried out in the direction of secondary disciplines.Conclusions:The number of colleges and universities authorized to award Master's Degree in Pediatrics was small, and the distribution of these colleges and universities was unbalanced. The enrollment scale was small and the orientation of Professional Master's Degree was not reasonable. Some colleges and universities were authorized to award Master's Degree in Pediatrics, but did not enroll any students. It is suggested to increase the number of colleges and universities authorized to award Master's Degree in Pediatrics and strengthen the staffing of pediatric departments. The aim is to expand the enrollment scale of candidates for Master's Degree in Pediatrics, improving the differential training of candidates for Academic Master's Degree and Professional Master's Degree, and attach importance to the construction of pediatrics.

Objective:To analyze the scores and differences of various aspects of public health graduate education management in China, and to provide suggestions for universities to enhance graduate education management.Methods:Based on the data from the 2021 National Survey on Education Satisfaction and Job Evaluation of Medical Graduate Supervisors, we described the public health graduate education management in China from the five perspectives of student enrollment, curriculum, practice, research, and school management. The t-test and analysis of variance were used to analyze the differences in individual characteristics. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze factors influencing the scores of public health graduate education management. Results:Supervisors gave the highest score to curriculum and teaching (mean score, 4.00±0.77), followed by management system and input (mean score, 3.97±0.87), research conditions and achievements (mean score, 3.93±0.80), practical education conditions and effects (mean score, 3.80±0.91), and discipline attractiveness and enrollment quality (mean score, 3.70±0.84). Supervisors who supervised professional degrees, doctoral students, and located in the eastern region gave relatively high scores to public health graduate education, and those with associate professor titles gave relatively low scores.Conclusions:The quality of students recruited for public health graduate education needs to be improved, curriculum design and teaching method need to be adjusted, practice conditions need to be improved, research funding is insufficient, and the construction of academic communication platforms needs to be improved. The relevant universities/colleges need to strengthen the management and increase the investment to promote the high-quality development of public health graduate education.

Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), as the most important methylase of N6-methyladenine (m6A),plays an important role in the development and progression of breast cancer by influencing various regulatory mechanisms, such as methylation level, mRNA stability of cancer-related genes, oncogene expression and cancer cell signaling pathways. This paper reviews the regulatory mechanism of METTL3 in breast cancer and summarizes the latest research progress of METTL3 in the development and progression of breast cancer.