Osteoporosis is a prevalent skeletal condition characterized by reduced bone mass and strength, leading to increased fragility. Buqi-Tongluo (BQTL) decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, has yet to be fully evaluated for its potential in treating bone diseases such as osteoporosis. To investigate the mechanism by which BQTL decoction inhibits osteoclast differentiation in vitro and validate these findings through in vivo experiments. We employed MTS assays to assess the potential proliferative or toxic effects of BQTL on bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) at various concentrations. TRAcP experiments were conducted to examine BQTL's impact on osteoclast differentiation. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were utilized to evaluate the relative expression levels of osteoclast-specific genes and proteins under BQTL stimulation. Finally, in vivo experiments were performed using an osteoporosis model to further validate the in vitro findings. This study revealed that BQTL suppressed receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast resorption activity in vitro in a dose-dependent manner without observable cytotoxicity. The inhibitory effects of BQTL on osteoclast formation and function were attributed to the downregulation of NFATc1 and c-fos activity, primarily through attenuation of the MAPK, NF-κB, and Calcineurin signaling pathways. BQTL's inhibitory capacity was further examined in vivo using an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model, demonstrating a strong protective effect against bone loss. BQTL may serve as an effective therapeutic TCM for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and the alleviation of bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency and related conditions.
Animals ; NFATC Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Ovariectomy ; Osteoclasts/metabolism* ; Female ; Osteogenesis/drug effects* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; NF-kappa B/genetics* ; Osteoporosis/genetics* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Bone Resorption/genetics* ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects* ; Humans ; RANK Ligand/metabolism* ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics* ; Transcription Factors

Objective: To evaluate the effect of "healthy eating plate" based dietary management on diabetic inpatients. Methods: The patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) admitted to Daishan First People's Hospital from November 2019 to November 2020 were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group was given "healthy eating plate" based dietary management, while the control group was given routine dietary management. Demographic data and physical examination results were collected. Fasting blood glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were detected at admission, discharge and 3 months after discharge, and compared between the two groups by covariance and generalized estimating equation. Results: here were 52 patients aged (55.83±9.67) years in the intervention group, with 29 (55.77%) males and 23 (44.23%) females. There were 53 patients aged (57.54±11.09) years in the control group, with 32 (60.38%) males and 21 (39.62%) females. There were no significant differences in FPG, HbA1c, TG and TC levels between two groups at discharge (P>0.05). The level of HbA1c in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 3 months after discharge (P<0.05); there were no significant differences in FPG, TG and TC levels (P>0.05). Conclusion The "healthy eating plate" based dietary management can better control the blood glucose of diabetic patients, and can help maintain the dietary treatment. It is worthy of promotion in diabetic patients.

Objective To explore the expression of nutrition information based on consumer cognitive psychology,and improve the applicability of pre-packaged food nutrition labels.Method Taking the "nutrition label" of a biscuit as an example:First,the energy (kilojoules) of the biscuit is converted into "food exchange serving";Then,the energy supply ratio of three major calorigenic nutrients of various foods in the biscuit is calculated according to the "China Food Composition Table",and the energy supply ratio of three major calorigenic nutrient in different food combinations is also calculated.Finally,we determined whether energy supply ratio of the three major calorigenic nutrients of the biscuit is similar to a mix of certain energy ratios of certain types of food.Thus,the new nutritional information expression of'nutrition labels' was determined.The applicability and operability of balanced food practice was compared between the existing and improved nutrition information expression by the'desktop deduction'method.Results The biscuit contains 1 823 k] of energy per 100 g,which is about 5 "food exchange servings".The average energy supply ratio of protein,fat,and carbohydrate of all kinds of food are as follows:The cereals were 15％,5％ and 80％ respectively;the meats were 55％,39％ and 10％ respectively;the vegetables were 27％,9％ and 58％ respectively;and the fruits were 5％,3％ and 91％,respectively.If different types of food are mixed according to their energy ratio,then the energy supply ratio of the three energy producing nutrients is different.The energy ratio of the three energy producing nutrients of the prepackaged food will always be similar to that of the mixture of some kinds of food.The biscuit is similar to 1:4 energy mixed with oil foods and cereals,which translates to about 10 g of oils and 100 g of grains,based on the'food exchange serving'.Hence,if you eat 100 g of these cookies,subtract about 10 g of fat and 100 g of cereal from your three meals per day.Conclusion The nutritional ingredient list of'prepackaged food nutrition label'should increase the expression of 'food exchange'and food category and energy proportion,so as to facilitate the practice of balanced diet by consumers.

Objective To study the application of food hand measurement on the diet therapy and evaluate its rationality. Methods According to the method of stratified interception, 415 adults were chosen in Zhoushan City. Their height, weight, fist, hand palm and thumb size were measured. The cooked food volume measurement method was built by the daily dietary food exchange method of hand position measurement, the measured protein foods using the cube and vegetable or oil with common tableware. The cooked volume measurement method was compared with the weighing method applying to diabetic diet. Results The fist and hand palm volume in shorter people were (228.13-310.85) ml and (62.22-84.78) ml, those in the taller people were (250.00-388.95) ml, (68.18-106.08) ml, and those in taller people were (345.00-432.35) ml and (94.09-117.91) ml. In the same height group, when the one's weight was greater, the fist and hand palm volume were larger. When the weight was the same but the height was taller, the fist and hand palm volume were larger. The vegetable oil hand measurement was not appropriate by the measurement of hand position volume. The calories error of proteins and the staple food with hand measurements was larger than weighing method in the tall and obese people, that was not enough in the slim and short people. And the cooked volume measurement method that combined hand measurements with the cube and common tableware was appropriate to diabetic diet. Conclusion The hand measurement method combined with cube and common tableware box was suitable for diet therapy for diabetes. This method could be helpful to increase treatment compliance to balanced diet.

Objective To investigate the satisfaction of clinicians on clinical research associates (CRA)and its influencing factors,for the purpose of providing rationalized proposals on education of CRAs.Methods 141 clinicians were randomly sampled from tertiary hospital for questionnaire survey,using the 5-point Likert scale.The survey covers 4 levels,i.e.,the work attitude,professional knowledge and ability,communication skills,and project management capabilities,as well as 14 dimensions.Data processing and statistics were analyzed using SPSS 15.0 software.The attribute characteristics of the investigation subjects were analyzed using x2 of the contingency table,along with analysis of its correlation with the general satisfaction on CRAs.Results The mean values of the 12 indicators range 2.28 to 3.75,with low satisfaction in general.Among these indicators,satisfaction of the service attitude of the CRA,and of their familiarity with the pilot program and CRF completion axe the highest,respectively,74.04％and 61.70％.Satisfaction of the rest 10 indicators falls below 50.00％.The chisquare analysis showed no association between satisfaction and gender,education,job titles.The satisfaction is different(P＜0.05)between those trained and those not,while there exists a significant differences(P＜0.01)between those participating in different number of tests.Conclusion Clinicians have a low satisfaction on CRAs.It is recommended to strengthen the training,establish a CRA occupation certification system,and to strengthen the clinicians' emphasis and competency of clinical trials.These actions will normalize the industry of clinical trials and improve the level of clinical trials in China.