Objective:To investigate anxiety symptoms and associated factors in relocated elderly residents of new townships,and to provide evidence for prevention interventions.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conduc-ted in relocated elderly residents in new townships of three urban areas in Shandong Province from 2021 to 2023.The study instruments included Ascertain Dementia-8,Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7,self-administered de-mographic characteristics information questionnaire.Multivariate analysis of factors associated with anxiety symp-toms in elderly residents was performed using multivariate logistic regression.Results:The prevalence rate of mild anxiety symptoms was 5.8％,and the rate of moderate-to-severe anxiety symptoms was 1.3％in 3 313 resi-dents.Multivariate analysis found that self-assessed general psychological condition(OR=0.52),good family envi-ronment(OR=0.34),no self-perceived cognitive impairment(OR=0.31),no chronic diseases(OR=0.42),and only one chronic disease(OR=0.61)were protective factors for mild anxiety symptoms,and very good dietary structure(OR=2.15)and fair dietary structure(OR=2.39)were risk factors for those.Very good family environ-ment(OR=0.11)and average family environment(OR=0.16),and no self-perceived cognitive impairment(OR=0.14)were protective factors for moderate-to-severe anxiety symptoms,and 0-3 years(OR=3.24)and 4-6 years(OR=3.28)of relocation were risk factors for those.Conclusion:Family environment,dietary structure,and duration since relocation are key factors associated with anxiety symptoms among relocated elderly residents in new townships.Targeted interventions should be implemented to address their mental health needs.

Objective:To investigate the self-perceived cognitive decline status in the community population,and to explore the association between different dietary habits and self-perceived cognitive decline.Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out in 11 879 community residents in the three regions of Weifang,Jining,and Zoucheng in Shandong Province.The Ascertain Dementia-8 and dietary habits information questionnaire were used to assess self-perceived cognitive decline and dietary habits,and their association were analyzed using single factor and multivariate logistic regression.Results:The detection rate of self-perceived cognitive decline was 21.4％.Lo-gistic regression showed that smoking in the past was positively associated with self-perceived cognitive decline(OR=1.40,95％CI:1.14-1.73).However,intake of fruits(often,OR=0.70,95％CI:0.52-0.94;everyday,OR=0.60,95％CI:0.44-0.81),nuts(daily,OR=0.62,95％CI:0.44-0.88),mushrooms(often,OR=0.74,95％CI:0.57-0.92)and high tryptophan foods(sometimes,OR=0.79,95％CI:0.68-0.91;everyday,OR=0.54,95％CI:0.34-0.87)were negatively associated with self-perceived cognitive decline.Conclusion:Smoking history might be a risk factor for self-perceived cognitive decline,and high frequency intake of fruits,nuts,mush-rooms,and high tryptophan foods might protective factors for it.

ObjectiveTo explore the application value of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) in rapidly detecting and evaluating the morphological characteristics of digestive tract tissues in mice. MethodsTwelve male SPF Kunming mice aged 6 weeks were randomly divided into two groups. Six mice were subjected to gastric gavage with 52% Red Star Erguotou to establish the model, and six were given saline by gastric gavage as a control. After 28 days of modeling, 3 mice were randomly selected from each group. After deep anesthesia induced by inhalation of 3% isoflurane, the mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. The stomach, duodenum, jejunum, and rectum tissues were excised and immersed in 1% fluorescein sodium solution for staining. The microstructure of the mucosal surface of each tissue was observed using pCLE. The remaining mice in the model group and the control group were deeply anesthetized by inhaling 3% isoflurane, then cardiac perfusion was performed successively with saline and 4% paraformaldehyde. The stomach, duodenum, jejunum, and rectum tissues were excised for dehydration, section and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and the morphological changes of the tissues were observed under a microscope. ResultsUnder pCLE imaging, fluorescence staining on the surface of the gastrointestinal mucosa was uniform in the control group; the morphology of gastric pits, intestinal villi, and intestinal crypts was intact, arranged compactly, and had distinct boundaries. In the model group, the gastrointestinal mucosa exhibited mucosal swelling and deformation, with uneven fluorescence staining and fluorescein leakage. Furthermore, some tissues showed defects or cell shedding, and the boundaries between adjacent characteristic structures (e.g., gastric pits, intestinal crypts) were blurred. HE staining showed that the gastrointestinal tissue structure of the control group mice was normal and well-organized, with no structural defects. Moreover, submucosal glands were uniform in size, with no hyperplasia observed, and no obvious inflammatory cell infiltration. In the model group, some gastrointestinal mucosal structures were defective and sparsely arranged; submucosal glands showed atrophy, accompanied by obvious inflammatory cell infiltration. The histological characteristics detected by pCLE were consistent with those of HE staining. ConclusionpCLE can be used to obtain rapid, real-time, large-scale, and high-resolution microscopic imaging of the gastrointestinal mucosa, realistically and comprehensively displaying its physiological and microstructural characteristics. It shows promising prospects and practical utility in the histological evaluation of digestive system injuries in small animals.

Objective:To evaluate value of CT perfusion in evaluating the efficacy of different vascular reconstruction methods in the treatment of adult ischemic moyamoya disease.Methods:The clinical data of 80 adult patients with moyamoya disease with ischemic blood type who received revascularization in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from February 2019 to February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 43 patients who received superficial temporal arterio-middle cerebral artery anastomosis (direct group) and 37 patients who received brain-dural arterio-artery vascularization (indirect group). The improvement of clinical symptoms, Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) Score, collateral vessels and CTP parameters were compared between the two groups.Results:The improvement of clinical symptoms in the direct group was better than that in the indirect group ( P<0.05), and the significant remission rate was significantly higher than that in the indirect group [86.0%(37/43) vs 59.5%(22/37), χ 2=7.262, P=0.007]. The postoperative mRS score in the direct group was significantly lower than that before surgery [0(0, 1) vs 1(1, 2), Z=5.550, P<0.001]. The score of mRS After surgery in the indirect group was significantly lower than that before surgery [0(0, 1) vs 1(1, 2), Z=4.281, P<0.001], but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in digital subtraction angiography (DSA) collateral vessel formation between the two groups ( P>0.05). The CTP parameters of the two groups before and after surgery were consistent between observers and within observers [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) range 0.88-0.94]. In the operation area, the relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) after surgery was significantly increased, and the relative time to peak (rTTP) and relative mean transit time (rMTT) were significantly decreased in both groups, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). In the ipsilateral basal ganglia and frontal lobe, rCBF in the direct group was significantly increased, rTTP and rMTT were significantly decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05), while there were no statistically significant differences in parameters in the indirect group (all P>0.05). The changes of rCBF, rTTP and rMTT in the operative area in the direct group were better than those in the indirect group, and the changes of rCBF, rTTP and rCBF in the basal ganglia and frontal lobe were better than those in the indirect group, with statistical significance (all P<0.05), while there were no statistically significant differences in the remaining parameters (all P>0.05). Conclusions:CT perfusion is of great value in evaluating the difference of clinical symptom improvement in the treatment of adult ischemic moyamoya disease with different vascular reconstruction methods.

Objective:To investigate the self-perceived cognitive decline status in the community population,and to explore the association between different dietary habits and self-perceived cognitive decline.Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out in 11 879 community residents in the three regions of Weifang,Jining,and Zoucheng in Shandong Province.The Ascertain Dementia-8 and dietary habits information questionnaire were used to assess self-perceived cognitive decline and dietary habits,and their association were analyzed using single factor and multivariate logistic regression.Results:The detection rate of self-perceived cognitive decline was 21.4％.Lo-gistic regression showed that smoking in the past was positively associated with self-perceived cognitive decline(OR=1.40,95％CI:1.14-1.73).However,intake of fruits(often,OR=0.70,95％CI:0.52-0.94;everyday,OR=0.60,95％CI:0.44-0.81),nuts(daily,OR=0.62,95％CI:0.44-0.88),mushrooms(often,OR=0.74,95％CI:0.57-0.92)and high tryptophan foods(sometimes,OR=0.79,95％CI:0.68-0.91;everyday,OR=0.54,95％CI:0.34-0.87)were negatively associated with self-perceived cognitive decline.Conclusion:Smoking history might be a risk factor for self-perceived cognitive decline,and high frequency intake of fruits,nuts,mush-rooms,and high tryptophan foods might protective factors for it.

Objective:To investigate anxiety symptoms and associated factors in relocated elderly residents of new townships,and to provide evidence for prevention interventions.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conduc-ted in relocated elderly residents in new townships of three urban areas in Shandong Province from 2021 to 2023.The study instruments included Ascertain Dementia-8,Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7,self-administered de-mographic characteristics information questionnaire.Multivariate analysis of factors associated with anxiety symp-toms in elderly residents was performed using multivariate logistic regression.Results:The prevalence rate of mild anxiety symptoms was 5.8％,and the rate of moderate-to-severe anxiety symptoms was 1.3％in 3 313 resi-dents.Multivariate analysis found that self-assessed general psychological condition(OR=0.52),good family envi-ronment(OR=0.34),no self-perceived cognitive impairment(OR=0.31),no chronic diseases(OR=0.42),and only one chronic disease(OR=0.61)were protective factors for mild anxiety symptoms,and very good dietary structure(OR=2.15)and fair dietary structure(OR=2.39)were risk factors for those.Very good family environ-ment(OR=0.11)and average family environment(OR=0.16),and no self-perceived cognitive impairment(OR=0.14)were protective factors for moderate-to-severe anxiety symptoms,and 0-3 years(OR=3.24)and 4-6 years(OR=3.28)of relocation were risk factors for those.Conclusion:Family environment,dietary structure,and duration since relocation are key factors associated with anxiety symptoms among relocated elderly residents in new townships.Targeted interventions should be implemented to address their mental health needs.

Objective:To evaluate value of CT perfusion in evaluating the efficacy of different vascular reconstruction methods in the treatment of adult ischemic moyamoya disease.Methods:The clinical data of 80 adult patients with moyamoya disease with ischemic blood type who received revascularization in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from February 2019 to February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 43 patients who received superficial temporal arterio-middle cerebral artery anastomosis (direct group) and 37 patients who received brain-dural arterio-artery vascularization (indirect group). The improvement of clinical symptoms, Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) Score, collateral vessels and CTP parameters were compared between the two groups.Results:The improvement of clinical symptoms in the direct group was better than that in the indirect group ( P<0.05), and the significant remission rate was significantly higher than that in the indirect group [86.0%(37/43) vs 59.5%(22/37), χ 2=7.262, P=0.007]. The postoperative mRS score in the direct group was significantly lower than that before surgery [0(0, 1) vs 1(1, 2), Z=5.550, P<0.001]. The score of mRS After surgery in the indirect group was significantly lower than that before surgery [0(0, 1) vs 1(1, 2), Z=4.281, P<0.001], but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in digital subtraction angiography (DSA) collateral vessel formation between the two groups ( P>0.05). The CTP parameters of the two groups before and after surgery were consistent between observers and within observers [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) range 0.88-0.94]. In the operation area, the relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) after surgery was significantly increased, and the relative time to peak (rTTP) and relative mean transit time (rMTT) were significantly decreased in both groups, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). In the ipsilateral basal ganglia and frontal lobe, rCBF in the direct group was significantly increased, rTTP and rMTT were significantly decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05), while there were no statistically significant differences in parameters in the indirect group (all P>0.05). The changes of rCBF, rTTP and rMTT in the operative area in the direct group were better than those in the indirect group, and the changes of rCBF, rTTP and rCBF in the basal ganglia and frontal lobe were better than those in the indirect group, with statistical significance (all P<0.05), while there were no statistically significant differences in the remaining parameters (all P>0.05). Conclusions:CT perfusion is of great value in evaluating the difference of clinical symptom improvement in the treatment of adult ischemic moyamoya disease with different vascular reconstruction methods.

OBJECTIVE To optimize the simmering technology of Rheum palmatum from Menghe Medical School and compare the difference of chemical components before and after processing.METHODS Using appearance score,the contents of gallic acid,5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF),sennoside A+sennoside B,combined anthraquinone and free anthraquinone as indexes,analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-entropy weight method was used to calculate the comprehensive score of evaluation indicators;the orthogonal experiment was designed to optimize the processing technology of simmering R.palmatum with fire temperature,simmering time,paper layer number and paper wrapping time as factors;validation test was conducted.The changes in the contents of five anthraquinones (aloe-emodin,rhein,emodin,chrysophanol,physcion),five anthraquinone glycosides (barbaloin,rheinoside,rhubarb glycoside,emodin glycoside,and emodin methyl ether glycoside),two sennosides (sennoside A,sennoside B),gallic acid and 5-HMF were compared between simmered R.palmatum prepared by optimized technology and R.palmatum.RESULTS The optimal processing conditions of R.palmatum was as follows:each 80 g R.palmatum was wrapped with a layer of wet paper for 0.5 h,simmered on high heat for 20 min and then simmered at 140 ℃,the total simmering time was 2.5 h.The average comprehensive score of 3 validation tests was 94.10 (RSD<1.0％).After simmering,the contents of five anthraquinones and two sennosides were decreased significantly,while those of 5 free anthraquinones and gallic acid were increased to different extents;a new component 5-HMF was formed.CONCLUSIONS This study successfully optimizes the simmering technology of R.palmatum.There is a significant difference in the chemical components before and after processing,which can explain that simmering technology slows down the relase of R.palmatum and beneficiate it.

Objective: To explore the relationship between processed food consumption and blood pressure level of students in a university in Yunnan Province, so as to provide the reference for preventing hypertension in university students. Methods: In October 2021, a cluster sampling method was used to select 4 781 freshmen from a university in Kunming, Yunnan Province. The frequency of processed food consumption of university students was assessed by using the dietary frequency questionnaire, and height, weight and blood pressure were measured. Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare the differences in blood pressure level of university students with different demographic variables, and the association between processed food consumption and blood pressure level was analyzed with a generalized linear model. Results: Among the students of a university in Yunnan Province, the detection rates of systolic prehypertension and hypertension were 33.86% and 1.23%, and the detection rates of diastolic prehypertension were 32.13% and hypertension 7.22%. The results of generalized linear model analysis showed that after controlling for demographic variables and other variables that might affect the blood pressure level of university students, the consumption of processed food (bread and cake: β =0.15, 95% CI =0.01-0.29) and ultra processed food (coffee beverage: β =-0.29, 95% CI =-0.54--0.03) were associated with systolic blood pressure level( P <0.05). The consumption of processed food (salted duck egg: β =0.21, 95% CI =0.01-0.41) was correlated with the diastolic blood pressure of college students ( P <0.05). Conclusions Processed food consumption in university students may increase the risk of high blood pressure.The education of healthy eating among college students should be strengthened to reduce the consumption of processed foods.

Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide, and the common mechanism for its onset and development is oxidative damage to the lens.The expression of a large number of antioxidant genes is regulated by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and the Nrf2 oxidative defense system is one of the main defense systems for antioxidant damage in the body.The activity of Nrf2 signaling pathway is primarily regulated by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), and Keap1 mediates Nrf2 protein degradation thereby inhibiting the activation of the Nrf2 pathway in a Keap1-dependent manner.Increasing research has revealed other mechanisms of Nrf2 regulation in a Keap1-independent manner, including phosphorylation and acetylation of Nrf2 (PKC, PI3K/Akt, JNK, and P300/CBP) and epigenetic factors (promoter methylation, histone modification, and microRNAs-144, -28 and -34). Reduced expression of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant genes has been shown to play an important role in the onset and development of various types of cataracts.Many compounds, such as morin, hyperoside, sulforaphane, rosae laevigatae extract, 3-n-butylphthalide, and acetyl-L-carnitine, have been found to be able to upregulate the expression of antioxidant genes by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway to protect lens epithelial cells from oxidative stress to prevent or alleviate cataract.This article reviewed recent researches on Nrf2 signaling pathway and the relationship between Nrf2 activators and cataract to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of cataract.