Objective:To systematically evaluate and integrate qualitative research from nurses on perceptions and feelings of elder self-neglect, with the aim of providing a reference for early identification, prevention, and intervention of elder self-neglect by nursing staff.Methods:Qualitative research of nurses' perceptions and feelings of elder self-neglect was systematically searched in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP, and China Biology Medicine disc by computer. The search period was from database establishment to March 31, 2024. The quality of the literature was evaluated according to the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research of the Australia Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center. The aggregate integration approach was used to integrate the findings of the study.Results:A total of eight papers were included to distill 30 findings, and similar findings were generalized and integrated to form 11 categories and synthesized into three integrated findings, including nurses' perception of elder self-neglect, manifestations of elder self-neglect from nurses' perspectives, and influencing factors of elder self-neglect from nurses' perspectives.Conclusions:Nurses should understand the manifestations and influencing factors of elder self-neglect, improve own professionalism, and help the elderly establish positive coping mechanisms to promote healthy aging.

Objective:To systematically evaluate and integrate qualitative research from nurses on perceptions and feelings of elder self-neglect, with the aim of providing a reference for early identification, prevention, and intervention of elder self-neglect by nursing staff.Methods:Qualitative research of nurses' perceptions and feelings of elder self-neglect was systematically searched in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP, and China Biology Medicine disc by computer. The search period was from database establishment to March 31, 2024. The quality of the literature was evaluated according to the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research of the Australia Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center. The aggregate integration approach was used to integrate the findings of the study.Results:A total of eight papers were included to distill 30 findings, and similar findings were generalized and integrated to form 11 categories and synthesized into three integrated findings, including nurses' perception of elder self-neglect, manifestations of elder self-neglect from nurses' perspectives, and influencing factors of elder self-neglect from nurses' perspectives.Conclusions:Nurses should understand the manifestations and influencing factors of elder self-neglect, improve own professionalism, and help the elderly establish positive coping mechanisms to promote healthy aging.

Chronic pain is a common clinical manifestation in patients with advanced cancer, and pain treatment is a part of cancer treatment. The titration method of opiod drugs will be recommended for relieving pain in moderate-severe pain in order to improve the quality of life of patients with advanced cancer. Individualized pain control refers to the concept that different patients show different resistance responses to opiod drugs. This article briefly reviews the classification and mechanism of cancer pain, the titration method of opiod drugs in the cancer pain control and individualized application.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of complete nail plate avulsion in the treatment of retronychia.Methods:From June 2018 to November 2019, 5 patients with retronychia (5 toes) were collected from the Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, and treated with complete nail plate avulsion. In some cases, redundant skin tissues at the distal end of the great toe were removed. After the surgery, artificial nails were placed on the surface of the nail bed followed by the suturing.Results:In the 5 patients, the neonatal nail plate gradually grew over the nail bed, and pain was completely relieved. Within the follow-up of 6-12 months, the nail plates of the 5 patients all returned to normal.Conclusion:Complete nail plate avulsion is effective for the treatment of retronychia, and worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To evaluate effects of angiogenin on the expression of type Ⅰ collagen and fibronectin in dermal papilla cells from androgenetic alopecia areas,and to explore its possible mechanisms.Methods Dermal papilla cells were isolated from androgenetic alopecia areas and cultured.Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR was performed to determine the mRNA expression of androgen receptor in dermal papilla cells of different passages,and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay to evaluate the effect of angiogenin at different concentrations of 0,10,20,40,80,160 μg/L on the proliferative activity of the dermal papilla cells cultured in a medium with or without 0.1 nmol/L dihydrotestosterone.The confluent first-passage dermal papilla cells were divided into 3 groups:control group receiving no treatment,dihydrotestosterone group treated with 0.1 nmol/L dihydrotestosterone,and dihydrotestosterone + angiogenin group treated with 0.1 nmol/L dihydrotestosterone and 80 μg/L angiogenin.After 48-hour treatment,realtime fluorescence-based quantitative PCR was conducted to measure the mRNA expression of type Ⅰ collagen gene,fibronectin and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1),and Western blot analysis to determine the protein expression of type Ⅰ collagen,fibronectin,TGF-β1,phosphorylated Smad2 (p-Smad2) and p-Smad3.Statistical analysis was done by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA),least significant difference (LSD)-t test and t test for two independent samples.Results The mRNA expression of androgen receptor significantly decreased during the subcultivation of in vitro cultured dermal papilla cells from androgenetic alopecia areas (P ＜ 0.05).Cell proliferation assay showed that 20-160 μg/L angiogenin could evidently antagonize the inhibitory effect of 0.1 nmol/L dihydrotestosterone on the proliferation of dermal papilla cells (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the dihydrotestosterone group showed significantly higher mRNA expression of type Ⅰ collagen gene,fibronectin and TGF-β1.However,the mRNA expression of type Ⅰ collagen gene,fibronectin and TGF-β1 was significantly lower in the dihydrotestosterone + angiogenin group than in the dihydrotestosterone group (type Ⅰ collagen gene:1.563 ± 0.143 vs.4.329 ± 0.165;fibronectin:1.290 ± 0.063 vs.2.156 ± 0.115;TGF-β1:1.136 ± 0.098 vs.1.707 ± 0.100;all P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,angiogenin could obviously suppress the expression of type Ⅰ collagen,fibronectin,TGF-β1,p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 protein by dihydrotestosterone-induced dermal papilla cells (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Angiogenin can inhibit the expression of type Ⅰ collagen and fibronectin in dermal papilla cells from androgenetic alopecia areas in vitro,which may be associated with the downregulated expression of TGF-β1 and inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.

Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa are the five BRIC countries which have showed a rapid growth in economic development in recent years especially in international health assistance area, which has gradually become a force that cannot be ignored. This article compares and analyzes the current status and character-istics of the BRIC countries in the field of international health assistance and compares them with the Countries of the Economic Cooperation and Development Organization's Development Assistance Committee ( ECDO-DAC) . It will also summarize the new features, advantages and disadvantages of the health development assistance exerted by the BRICS countries;and ultimately provide suggestions for the future international health development aid policy of China.

Objective To observe the clinical effect ofShuganJieyu capsule combined with domperidone on functional dyspepsia (FD).Methods84 FD patients were recruited in this study. The patients were divided into the control group (n=42) and the observation group (n=42). Control group was treated with domperidone, and observation group was treated with combination ofShuganJieyu capsule and domperidone. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. The gastric volume, gastric gas scores, and gastric emptying rates were detected by the ultrasound and X-ray. The clinical effect and adverse reactions was compared.ResultsThe clinic effective rate of observation group was 90.5% (38/42), and the control group was 76.2% (32/42). After treatment, the gastric volume of 60 min was significantly lower in observation group than that in control group (15.52 ± 3.21 mlvs. 23.54 ± 5.11 ml;t=2.412,P<0.05); the decreasing of gastric gas scores (0.42 ± 0.13vs. 0.64 ± 0.16;t=2.384,P<0.05) and increasing of gastric emptying rate (74.15% ± 11.62%vs. 54.82% ± 10.31%;t=2.324,P<0.05) were significantly higher in observation group than those in control group.ConclusionShugan-Jieyu capsule can improve gastric emptying and gastrointestinal motility, and showed better effect than domperidone alone.