Objective To study and compare the myopia control effects of orthokeratology(OK)lenses with a small treatment zone and peripheral defocus spectacle lenses in children aged 8-12 years.Methods A prospective study was made on 120 myopic children(120 myopic eyes were all right eyes)aged 8-12 years who visited the Optometry Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College between September 2022 and April 2023.The patients were randomly divided into a single vision lens(SVL)group,a highly aspherical lenslets(HAL)group,a 6.2 mm-BOZD OK group and a 5.0 mm-BOZD OK group,with 30 cases(30 eyes)in each group.After 12 months of follow-up,the spherical equivalent(SE),axial length(AL),cylinder diopter and their variations were compared among the four groups at different time points before and after treatment.Results There were no significant differences in SE and AL among the four groups be-fore and 3 months after treatment(all P＞0.05).After 6 months of treatment,there were no statistically significant differ-ences in SE among the four groups(P＞0.05),but significant differences were observed in AL among the four groups(P＜0.05).Pairwise comparisons revealed that the AL in the 5.0 mm-BOZD OK group was significantly lower than that in the SVL group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between each two of the other groups(all P＞0.05).After 12 months of treatment,significant differences in SE and AL were observed among the four groups(all P＜0.05).Pairwise comparisons revealed that compared with the SVL group,the HAL,6.2 mm-BOZD OK,and 5.0 mm-BOZD OK groups ex-hibited a statistically significant increase in SE and decrease in AL(all P＜0.05).However,there was no significant differ-ence in SE and AL among HAL,6.2 mm-BOZD OK,and 5.0 mm-BOZD OK groups(all P＞0.05).After 12 months of treat-ment,there were significant differences in the changes of SE and AL among the four groups(all P＜0.05).The changes of SE and AL in HAL,6.2 mm-BOZD OK,and 5.0 mm-BOZD OK groups were significantly less than those in the SVL group(all P＜0.05).The changes of SE and AL in the 5.0 mm-BOZD OK group were significantly less than those in HAL and 6.2 mm-BOZD OK groups(all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the changes of SE and AL between HAL and 6.2 mm-BOZD OK groups(both P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in cylinder diopter among the four groups be-fore and 12 months after treatment.In the SVL group,there was no significant difference in cylinder diopter before and 12 months after treatment.The cylinder diopters of HAL,6.2 mm-BOZD OK and 5.0 mm-BOZD OK groups were significantly decreased 12 months after treatment,compared with those before treatment.Conclusion HAL,6.2 mm-BOZD OK len-ses and 5.0 mm-BOZD OK lenses can effectively control the progression of myopia in children aged 8-12 years.Among them,5.0 mm-BOZD OK lenses exhibit the most significant control effect,while HAL and 6.2 mm-BOZD OK lenses have similar myopia control effects.

Objective To study and compare the myopia control effects of orthokeratology(OK)lenses with a small treatment zone and peripheral defocus spectacle lenses in children aged 8-12 years.Methods A prospective study was made on 120 myopic children(120 myopic eyes were all right eyes)aged 8-12 years who visited the Optometry Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College between September 2022 and April 2023.The patients were randomly divided into a single vision lens(SVL)group,a highly aspherical lenslets(HAL)group,a 6.2 mm-BOZD OK group and a 5.0 mm-BOZD OK group,with 30 cases(30 eyes)in each group.After 12 months of follow-up,the spherical equivalent(SE),axial length(AL),cylinder diopter and their variations were compared among the four groups at different time points before and after treatment.Results There were no significant differences in SE and AL among the four groups be-fore and 3 months after treatment(all P＞0.05).After 6 months of treatment,there were no statistically significant differ-ences in SE among the four groups(P＞0.05),but significant differences were observed in AL among the four groups(P＜0.05).Pairwise comparisons revealed that the AL in the 5.0 mm-BOZD OK group was significantly lower than that in the SVL group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between each two of the other groups(all P＞0.05).After 12 months of treatment,significant differences in SE and AL were observed among the four groups(all P＜0.05).Pairwise comparisons revealed that compared with the SVL group,the HAL,6.2 mm-BOZD OK,and 5.0 mm-BOZD OK groups ex-hibited a statistically significant increase in SE and decrease in AL(all P＜0.05).However,there was no significant differ-ence in SE and AL among HAL,6.2 mm-BOZD OK,and 5.0 mm-BOZD OK groups(all P＞0.05).After 12 months of treat-ment,there were significant differences in the changes of SE and AL among the four groups(all P＜0.05).The changes of SE and AL in HAL,6.2 mm-BOZD OK,and 5.0 mm-BOZD OK groups were significantly less than those in the SVL group(all P＜0.05).The changes of SE and AL in the 5.0 mm-BOZD OK group were significantly less than those in HAL and 6.2 mm-BOZD OK groups(all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the changes of SE and AL between HAL and 6.2 mm-BOZD OK groups(both P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in cylinder diopter among the four groups be-fore and 12 months after treatment.In the SVL group,there was no significant difference in cylinder diopter before and 12 months after treatment.The cylinder diopters of HAL,6.2 mm-BOZD OK and 5.0 mm-BOZD OK groups were significantly decreased 12 months after treatment,compared with those before treatment.Conclusion HAL,6.2 mm-BOZD OK len-ses and 5.0 mm-BOZD OK lenses can effectively control the progression of myopia in children aged 8-12 years.Among them,5.0 mm-BOZD OK lenses exhibit the most significant control effect,while HAL and 6.2 mm-BOZD OK lenses have similar myopia control effects.

Nearly a quarter of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and remains long-term asymptomatic infection. Rv2626c is a latent infection-related protein regulated by DosR of M. tuberculosis. In this study, the Rv2626c protein was prokaryotically expressed and purified, and its immunobiological characteristics were analyzed using RAW264.7 cells and mice as infection models. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis showed that the Rv2626c-His fusion protein was mainly expressed in soluble form and specifically reacted with the rabbit anti-H37RV polyclonal serum. In addition, we found that the Rv2626c protein bound to the surface of RAW264.7 macrophages and up-regulated the production of NO. Moreover, the Rv2626c protein significantly induced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1, and induced strong Th1-tendency immune response. These results may help to reveal the pathogenic mechanism of M. tuberculosis and facilitate the development of new tuberculosis vaccine.
Animals ; Mice ; Rabbits ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics* ; Tuberculosis ; Antigens, Bacterial ; Cytokines ; Immunity, Cellular

Objective:To systematically evaluate the intervention effect of oral immunotherapy (OIT) on ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) of premature infants.Methods:This study searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) , WanFang Database and VIP Database, and conducted a comprehensive search for randomized controlled trials of OIT applied to premature infants published from database establishment to October 2020. Two researchers independently screened literature, extracted data, and evaluated methodological quality. RevMan 5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis.Results:A total of 8 studies were included, with a total of 351 premature infants in the intervention group and 352 premature infants in the control group. Meta-analysis results showed that OIT could reduce the incidence of VAP in premature infants [ RR=0.36, 95% CI (0.23-0.56) , P<0.05] and the detection rate of pathogenic microorganisms in the tracheal tube [ RR=0.33, 95% CI (0.18-0.59) , P=0.000 2], and could shorten the length of hospital stay [ MD=-6.70, 95% CI (-13.34--0.06) , P=0.05]. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the mechanical ventilation time, detection rate of oropharyngeal pathogenic microorganisms and mortality rate between the two groups after the intervention (all P>0.05) . Conclusions:OIT can reduce the incidence of VAP in premature infants and the detection rate of pathogenic microorganisms in the tracheal tube, and shorten the length of hospital stay to a certain extent. However, high-quality, large-sample, multi-center randomized controlled studies are still needed for further verification in the future.

Cilia are hair-like protuberance on cells of the human body that play a vital role in organs generation and maintenance. Abnormalities of ciliary structure and function affect almost every system of the body, such as the brain, eyes, liver, kidney, bone, reproductive system and so on. Retinal photoreceptor cells are one of sensory neurons which convert light stimuli into neurological responses. This process, called phototransduction, takes place in the outer segments (OS) of rod and cone photoreceptors. OS are specialized sensory cilia, and disruptions in cilia genes, which are causative in a growing number of non-syndromic retinal dystrophies, such as retinitis pigmentosa, Leber’s congenital amaurosis. These syndromes are genetically heterogeneous, involving mutations in a large number of genes. They show considerable clinical and genetic overlap. At present, there are few researches on retinal ciliopathies and clinical treatment strategy. This review shows a comprehensive overview of ciliary dysfunction and visual development related diseases, which contributes to understand the characteristics of these diseases and take early intervention in clinic.

Purpose: To study the relationship between chromosome abnormalities and the pathogenesis, development and prognosis of endometrial carcinoma of uterus. Methods: FISH was used to detect endometrial carcinoma, endometrial hyperplasia and normal endometrium , 10 cases in each group, respectively. Results: All of the 10 carcinoma cases had chromosome 8 mutation, including trisomy, monosomy, tetraploid and in 10 cases of endometrial hyperplasia with trisomy of chromosome 8 were found. But there were no mutations of chromosome 8 in the normal group. There was significant difference in the three groups. Conclusions: Abnormalities of chromosome 8 are significantly associated with the process of pathogenesis, development of endometrial carcinoma. The abnormalities may occur in the early stage of the carcinoma, and may have the significant association with clinical stage and pathological differentiation among the patients.