Objective·To explore the relationship between abdominal fat area and the first-phase insulin secretion function of pancreatic β-cells in patients with type 2 diabetes,and to establish predictive models of nomogram.Methods·From October 2020 to February 2024,a total of 120 patients with type 2 diabetes,who were hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology,Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,and underwent the arginine stimulation test,were recruited for the study.Patients were categorized into an insulin secretion function-preserved group(i.e.preserved group)and a depleted group according to the results of the arginine stimulation test.General information and laboratory parameters were collected.Subcutaneous fat area(SFA)and visceral fat area(VFA)were non-invasively measured by abdominal fat detector.The variables were screened by univariate analysis,and multivariate Logistic regression was used to identify the influencing factors,followed by the establishment of predictive models of nomogram.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC curve)and concordance index(C-index)were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the models.Results·Seventy-four patients(61.7%)were assigned to the preserved group,and 46 patients(38.3%)to the depleted group.Patients in the depleted group had a longer diabetes duration,lower waist circumference,hip circumference,body mass index(BMI),uric acid,free triiodothyronine(FT3),adipose tissue insulin resistance(Adipo-IR),ankle brachial index(ABI),SFA and VFA,and higher brachial ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV).Multivariate Logistic regression showed that SFA,VFA,FT3,baPWV,and ABI were independent risk factors for the depleted insulin secretion function.Nomogram models were constructed based on the above risk factors.Among them,the model comprising VFA,FT3,ABI,and baPWV showed the best predictive performance with a C-index of 0.81.Conclusion·SFA and VFA are lower in patients with depleted first-phase insulin secretion function of pancreatic β-cells.The nomogram model,including SFA or VFA,can be used to predict first-phase insulin secretion function of pancreatic β-cells in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective·To explore the relationship between abdominal fat area and the first-phase insulin secretion function of pancreatic β-cells in patients with type 2 diabetes,and to establish predictive models of nomogram.Methods·From October 2020 to February 2024,a total of 120 patients with type 2 diabetes,who were hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology,Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,and underwent the arginine stimulation test,were recruited for the study.Patients were categorized into an insulin secretion function-preserved group(i.e.preserved group)and a depleted group according to the results of the arginine stimulation test.General information and laboratory parameters were collected.Subcutaneous fat area(SFA)and visceral fat area(VFA)were non-invasively measured by abdominal fat detector.The variables were screened by univariate analysis,and multivariate Logistic regression was used to identify the influencing factors,followed by the establishment of predictive models of nomogram.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC curve)and concordance index(C-index)were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the models.Results·Seventy-four patients(61.7%)were assigned to the preserved group,and 46 patients(38.3%)to the depleted group.Patients in the depleted group had a longer diabetes duration,lower waist circumference,hip circumference,body mass index(BMI),uric acid,free triiodothyronine(FT3),adipose tissue insulin resistance(Adipo-IR),ankle brachial index(ABI),SFA and VFA,and higher brachial ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV).Multivariate Logistic regression showed that SFA,VFA,FT3,baPWV,and ABI were independent risk factors for the depleted insulin secretion function.Nomogram models were constructed based on the above risk factors.Among them,the model comprising VFA,FT3,ABI,and baPWV showed the best predictive performance with a C-index of 0.81.Conclusion·SFA and VFA are lower in patients with depleted first-phase insulin secretion function of pancreatic β-cells.The nomogram model,including SFA or VFA,can be used to predict first-phase insulin secretion function of pancreatic β-cells in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) injections have already been one of most popular cosmetic procedures for around 18 years. However, blindness is one of the most serious complications caused by HA injections. There is still no consensus on the treatment for vision recovery. The efficacy and safety of different delivery administration of hyaluronidase such as retrobulbar injection and endovascular intervention are still controversial so far. Based on current status, prevention is prior to treatment, which is widely recognized in the world. The pathogenic mechanism of blindness induced by filler injection is still not clear, and there exist several theories including the artery embolism, ischaemia, artery spasm and venous involvement, which are all related to the ophthalmic artery and its branches. Therefore, acquiring anatomic knowledge and the relevant parameters will help us prevent to damage the ophthalmic artery and its branches during HA injections. The mechanism, treatment progress and prognosis of blindness caused by HA injections in recent years were analyzed and summarized in this article. We hope it will help the clinician to improve the relevant knowledge about vision loss caused by HA injection, as well as to promote the safety of filler injection.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) injections have already been one of most popular cosmetic procedures for around 18 years. However, blindness is one of the most serious complications caused by HA injections. There is still no consensus on the treatment for vision recovery. The efficacy and safety of different delivery administration of hyaluronidase such as retrobulbar injection and endovascular intervention are still controversial so far. Based on current status, prevention is prior to treatment, which is widely recognized in the world. The pathogenic mechanism of blindness induced by filler injection is still not clear, and there exist several theories including the artery embolism, ischaemia, artery spasm and venous involvement, which are all related to the ophthalmic artery and its branches. Therefore, acquiring anatomic knowledge and the relevant parameters will help us prevent to damage the ophthalmic artery and its branches during HA injections. The mechanism, treatment progress and prognosis of blindness caused by HA injections in recent years were analyzed and summarized in this article. We hope it will help the clinician to improve the relevant knowledge about vision loss caused by HA injection, as well as to promote the safety of filler injection.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of botulinum toxin A injection therapy with ultrasound-guided for benign masseter hypertrophy.Methods:Twenty cases (40 sides) of masseter hypertrophy were injected with botulinum toxin A, among which 10 cases were taken as experimental group and the other 10 cases as control group. The experimental group had preoperative ultrasound examination to measure the thickness of masseter, and use ultrasound-guided precise injection during the operation, and then ultrasound recheck to measure the postoperative masseter thickness; The other 10 cases of control group adopt traditional 3-point injection method.Results:The masseter thickness of the two groups at different period of times after treatment was decreased ( P<0.001), the most obviously decrease happened 4-12 weeks after injection. The mean reduction was 26.8% at 4 weeks and 28.4% at 12 weeks after injection. Masseter muscle thickness recovered by 22% at 24 weeks and by 20% at 36 weeks. The average follow-up was 6.0±2.4 months with no serious complications occurred. In the control group, there was a partial masseter bulge in one case. The satisfactory rate of the patients in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. Conclusions:Botulinum toxin A injection therapy with ultrasound-guided for benign masseter hypertrophy is an effective treatment, which is more accurate and effective than the traditional injection method.

Objective:To figure out the structure and relevant data measurements of zygomatic ligament by cadaver anatomy and review of previous studies.Methods:From July 2018 to January 2020, the zygomatic areas of 20 Chinese frozen fresh cadaver hemifaces were dissected in the Department of Anatomy, Health Science Center of Hangzhou Normal University. Then the structures of zygomatic ligaments were shown. The characters of the ligament and the relationship with adjacent tissue were described and measured. And 16 previous studies were reviewed to get a comprehensive description about the characters of zygomatic ligaments.Results:Zygomatic ligaments were even and dense fibrous tissue structures distributed vertically between the skin and the subcutaneous tissue. Under the SMAS plane, the ligaments divided into two bundles. The origin of major bundle located beyond the origin of the zygomatic major muscle on the periosteum, and the origin of minor bundle located between the origin of the zygomatic minor and major muscle.Conclusions:The anatomy of the zygomatic ligament has a regular pattern, and its anatomical data has certain directive significance for clinical application.

Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; Single-Cell Analysis

Objective:To identify the association of sex hormone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels in patients with Graves′ disease.Methods:Between December 2017 and July 2019, 152 patients with Graves′ disease were enrolled in the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. Parameters such as height, weight, thyroid function, sex hormone, fasting blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glycosylated albumin, HbA 1C, and liver function were collected. The associations between SHBG and bioclinical characteristics were analyzed. Results:The glycosylated albumin level was negatively associated with SHBG in all subjects ( β=-0.308, P<0.01), while this association was not significant after the adjustment for thyroid hormones. Male patients had significantly lower SHBG level than female patients ( P<0.01). In male patients, SHBG was associated with luteinizing hormone ( r=0.465, P<0.01), estradiol ( r=0.629, P<0.01), testosterone ( r=0.786, P<0.01). While in female patients, SHBG was also associated with testosterone ( r=0.191, P<0.05). In multivariate linear regression analysis, estradiol was independently associated with SHBG ( β=0.329, P<0.01) in male subjects. Conclusion:The hypogonadism and infertility in Graves′ disease patients could partially be attributed to the association between SHBG and Graves′ disease.

Objective The mechanism of traditional double-eyelid blepharoplasty is adhering skin to tarsus,by which the skin below the incision could be elevated along with the tarsus and produce the crease.But the anatomic basis of native double-eyelids is not the same,which depends on the connection of levator aponeuroses with muscle and skin.That is,the elevations of tarsus and skin is based on the different branches of levator aponeuroses to skin.According to this,the authors have developed a modified blepharoplasty suturing levator aponeuroses to the obicularis occuli muscle to mimic the native double eyelid.Methods The surgical procedures were modified from traditional surgery.The major improvements were:keeping obicularis occuli muscles intact,dissecting the levator aponeuroses and suturing them together.Since the suturing was performed between mobilized tissues of muscle and aponeurosis,the method was named as "flexible suspension technique".Five-hundred patients were performed with this method.Forty cases randomly selected from them were compared with 40 cases performed with traditional method,and the results were investigated using questionnaire survey.Results The results of the modified surgery were more natural than traditional technique.Majority of patients were satisfactory,whereas 15 cases (3％) had asymmetry,narrowing and even fold loss.All these 15 cases were puffy eyelids.Statistical results indicated that the satisfaction rate was significantly high (P =0.003),and the adverse effects (edema,bruise and scar) were significantly lighter than traditional technique;whereas the asymmetry and fold loss were higher than traditional technique.Conclusions The flexible suspension technique of blepharoplasty can obtain more natural double eyelid appearance,and is suitable for primary blepharoplasty but not applicable for severe puffy eyelids.

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects on joint dysfunction after meniscal suture surgery between rehabilitation training combined with modified-acupuncture and simple rehabilitation training.

METHODSSeventy-one patients with meniscal suture surgery were randomized into an observation group (=36) and a control group (=35). Patients in the observation group received modified-acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training. Acupuncture for 8 weeks were at Zutonggu (BL 65), Shugu (BL 66), Neiting (ST 44), Xiangu (ST 43), Xiaxi (GB 43), Zulinqi (GB 41), Dadu (SP 2), Taibai (SP 3), Xingjian (LR 2), and Taichong (LR 3), once a day for continuous 6 days with 1 day for rest. Patients in the control group received simple rehabilitation training for continuous 8 weeks. The training included quadriceps femoris, range of knee joint motion and motion and limb walking on the affected side. The effect score for meniscus injury after treatment from Japanese Orthopaedics Association (JOA) and visual analogue scale (VAS) score were recorded before and after treatment. The effects were compared in the two groups.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the VAS and JOA scores were improved in the two groups (all<0.05), with better results in the observation group (both<0.05). The effective rate was 91.7% (33/36) in the observation group, which was better than 80.0% (28/35) in the control group (<0.05).

CONCLUSIONRehabilitation training combined with-acupuncture achieve better effect than simple rehabilitation training for joint dysfunction after meniscal suture surgery.