Objective:To investigate the efficacy of lightroom therapy on depressive mood and sleep problems in patients with depression, and the potential effects on physiological indices related to circadian rhythms.Methods:From October 2021 to July 2023, 54 patients with acute-phase depression hospitalized in the Mental Health Center of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University were recruited. The participants were randomly assigned to either medication combined with the bright light therapy group (bright light group, n=36) or medication combined with the dim light therapy group (dim light group, n=18). Both groups received light therapy for 2 weeks, at 10 000 lx in the bright light group and 300 lx in the dim light group. Both groups received 30 minutes of light therapy from 7:30-8:00 a.m daily over two weeks, followed up for 1 week post-treatment. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD 17) was used to assess patients′ depressive symptoms, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess patients′ sleep quality at baseline, at the end of every week. The 32-Item Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32) was used at the end of week 2 to assess the risk of manic switching after treatment. Daily measurements of body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure were taken before and after light therapy, along with recording adverse events related to the therapy. Paired t- tests were used to compare changes in physiological indicators before and after treatment, and repeated measures ANOVA was applied to compare clinical symptom changes between the two groups. Results:Thirty-one and fifteen patients completed this study in the bright light and dim light groups, respectively, with no statistically significant difference in dropout rates( P>0.05). There were significant interaction effects between the time and group for HAMD 17 and PSQI score( F=5.51,4.11, both P<0.05). Both groups showed significant reductions in HAMD 17 and PSQI scores at baseline, week 1, week 2, and week 3 ( P<0.001). In the bright light group, body temperature increased significantly post-treatment on days 1-4, day 7, and day 12 (all P<0.05). Heart rate elevated on day 5 ( P<0.05).Systolic blood pressure decreased on days 4, 5, 11, and 12 compared to the pre-treatment baseline(all P<0.05). In the dim light group, systolic blood pressure increased on day 11 ( P<0.05). Diastolic blood pressure in the bright light group decreased on days 1, 5, and 6( P<0.05). No serious adverse events, vision loss, ocular structural changes occurred in either group. No hypomania or mania episodes were observed. The incidence of adverse events did not differ significantly ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Medication combined with indoor bright light is more effective than the combination of dim light for depressive symptoms and sleep problems in patients with depression. Patients receiving bright light also may exhibit a higher body temperature, accelerated heart rate, and reduced blood pressure.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of lightroom therapy on depressive mood and sleep problems in patients with depression, and the potential effects on physiological indices related to circadian rhythms.Methods:From October 2021 to July 2023, 54 patients with acute-phase depression hospitalized in the Mental Health Center of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University were recruited. The participants were randomly assigned to either medication combined with the bright light therapy group (bright light group, n=36) or medication combined with the dim light therapy group (dim light group, n=18). Both groups received light therapy for 2 weeks, at 10 000 lx in the bright light group and 300 lx in the dim light group. Both groups received 30 minutes of light therapy from 7:30-8:00 a.m daily over two weeks, followed up for 1 week post-treatment. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD 17) was used to assess patients′ depressive symptoms, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess patients′ sleep quality at baseline, at the end of every week. The 32-Item Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32) was used at the end of week 2 to assess the risk of manic switching after treatment. Daily measurements of body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure were taken before and after light therapy, along with recording adverse events related to the therapy. Paired t- tests were used to compare changes in physiological indicators before and after treatment, and repeated measures ANOVA was applied to compare clinical symptom changes between the two groups. Results:Thirty-one and fifteen patients completed this study in the bright light and dim light groups, respectively, with no statistically significant difference in dropout rates( P>0.05). There were significant interaction effects between the time and group for HAMD 17 and PSQI score( F=5.51,4.11, both P<0.05). Both groups showed significant reductions in HAMD 17 and PSQI scores at baseline, week 1, week 2, and week 3 ( P<0.001). In the bright light group, body temperature increased significantly post-treatment on days 1-4, day 7, and day 12 (all P<0.05). Heart rate elevated on day 5 ( P<0.05).Systolic blood pressure decreased on days 4, 5, 11, and 12 compared to the pre-treatment baseline(all P<0.05). In the dim light group, systolic blood pressure increased on day 11 ( P<0.05). Diastolic blood pressure in the bright light group decreased on days 1, 5, and 6( P<0.05). No serious adverse events, vision loss, ocular structural changes occurred in either group. No hypomania or mania episodes were observed. The incidence of adverse events did not differ significantly ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Medication combined with indoor bright light is more effective than the combination of dim light for depressive symptoms and sleep problems in patients with depression. Patients receiving bright light also may exhibit a higher body temperature, accelerated heart rate, and reduced blood pressure.

Objective To explore whether indoor light-assisted therapy can rapidly improve depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with depression,as well as the safety of indoor-light-assisted therapy.Methods From September 2021 to December 2022,patients with depression were recruited from the Mental Health Center of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University.According to the random number table method,patients were divided into test group and control group.The test group was treated with light therapy 30 minutes from 7:30 am to 8:00 am daily for 2 weeks in addition to antidepressant therapy.Antidepressant therapy was continued after completion of light therapy and patients were followed up for 2 weeks.The control group was treated with regular antidepressants throughout the four-week trial.Hamilton depression scale(HAMD17)and the Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA)were used to assess the clinical symptoms at the baseline and the end of every week of treatment.Safety was evaluated using patient adverse events,anterior segment photography and visual testing.Results A total of 80 patients were enrolled,including 40 in the test group and 40 in the control group.The data of dropped were processed for missing values and then included in the statistical analysis.At the 1st(20.0％vs.0.0％)and 2nd(45.0％vs.17.5％)weekend of treatment,the response rate in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group.There was an interaction between the time point and the group in HAMD17 total score(F=9.66,P<0.01).The scores of HAMD17 at the end of every week in the test group were significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the reduction rate of total score in HAMD17[33.3％(25.0％,43.3％)vs.13.9％(9.9％,19.8％)]and HAMA[22.4％(16.5％,35.3％)vs.14.2％(4.4％,26.9％)]between the two groups(P<0.05).Incidences of adverse effect were not significantly different between the two groups(12.5％vs.10.0％,P=1.00).There were no severe adverse events or mania was reported in the test group and the eye examination showed no abnormality.Conclusion Compared with antidepressant therapy alone,indoor light therapy combined with antidepressant can quickly improve depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with depression,shorten the duration of depression treatment,and has good safety.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) as an adjunctive treatment for depression.Methods:From May 2021 to June 2022, 56 patients aged 18-60 who met the diagnostic criteria in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) for depression were recruited from the Mental Health Center of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University.According to the random number table method, they were divided into dTMS combined with the drug treatment group (dTMS group, n=28), and the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS) combined with the drug treatment group (rTMS group, n=28). Both groups received dTMS or rTMS based on drug therapy, 5 times weekly for 2 weeks in total. At the baseline and the end of 2nd week of treatment, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD 17) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) were used to assess patients′ depression and anxiety symptoms, and the 32-Item Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32) was used to assess the risk of mania after treatment.The reductions on HAMD 17 and HAMA were the primary assessment, and the treatment response rate in HAMD 17, adverse events and the risk of switching to mania were also assessed. The efficacy was compared between the two groups by using independent samples t-test and chi-square test. Results:There was no significant difference in baseline HAMD 17 and HAMA scores between the two groups ( P>0.05). At the end of 2nd week of the treatment, The HAMD 17 reduction and the reduction rate were higher in the dTMS group than in the rTMS group( t=3.27, P=0.02; t=2.11, P=0.04). The HAMA reduction and the reduction rate showed a trend favouring the dTMS group, but the difference was insignificant ( t=1.03, P=0.31; t=0.76, P=0.45). The treatment response rates on the HAMD 17 assessment were 52.2%(12/23) and 38.5% (10/26) in the dTMS and rTMS groups, respectively. However, the difference was not statistically significant (χ 2=0.93, P=0.34). The overall incidence of adverse events was 14.3% (4/28) in the dTMS group and 7.1% (2/28) in the rTMS group, with no significant differences between the two groups (χ 2=0.19, P=0.67). All subjective discomforts during the treatment automatically resolved within three days, and no mania was reported. Conclusion:As the adjunctive treatment, both TMS protocols are safe and effective in relieving the depressive and anxious symptoms of depressive disorder, and the adjunctive dTMS seems better in treating depressive symptoms than rTMS.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) as an adjunctive treatment for depression.Methods:From May 2021 to June 2022, 56 patients aged 18-60 who met the diagnostic criteria in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) for depression were recruited from the Mental Health Center of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University.According to the random number table method, they were divided into dTMS combined with the drug treatment group (dTMS group, n=28), and the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS) combined with the drug treatment group (rTMS group, n=28). Both groups received dTMS or rTMS based on drug therapy, 5 times weekly for 2 weeks in total. At the baseline and the end of 2nd week of treatment, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD 17) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) were used to assess patients′ depression and anxiety symptoms, and the 32-Item Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32) was used to assess the risk of mania after treatment.The reductions on HAMD 17 and HAMA were the primary assessment, and the treatment response rate in HAMD 17, adverse events and the risk of switching to mania were also assessed. The efficacy was compared between the two groups by using independent samples t-test and chi-square test. Results:There was no significant difference in baseline HAMD 17 and HAMA scores between the two groups ( P>0.05). At the end of 2nd week of the treatment, The HAMD 17 reduction and the reduction rate were higher in the dTMS group than in the rTMS group( t=3.27, P=0.02; t=2.11, P=0.04). The HAMA reduction and the reduction rate showed a trend favouring the dTMS group, but the difference was insignificant ( t=1.03, P=0.31; t=0.76, P=0.45). The treatment response rates on the HAMD 17 assessment were 52.2%(12/23) and 38.5% (10/26) in the dTMS and rTMS groups, respectively. However, the difference was not statistically significant (χ 2=0.93, P=0.34). The overall incidence of adverse events was 14.3% (4/28) in the dTMS group and 7.1% (2/28) in the rTMS group, with no significant differences between the two groups (χ 2=0.19, P=0.67). All subjective discomforts during the treatment automatically resolved within three days, and no mania was reported. Conclusion:As the adjunctive treatment, both TMS protocols are safe and effective in relieving the depressive and anxious symptoms of depressive disorder, and the adjunctive dTMS seems better in treating depressive symptoms than rTMS.

The association of viral infection to ear disease has triggered a great deal of interests. In the present paper, we provide a critical review of the viral hypothesis of ear diseases. Detection of viral antigen and antibody or RNA and DNA in the patients serum, endolymphatic fluid or surgical pathology specimens reveals that virus may have relevance to certain kinds of ear diseases, such as Meniere's disease, idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss, otosclerosis. Bell's palsy and otitis media. The most appealing is the herpesvirus, which can cause latent infection in the neurons, and its reactivation may be the mechanism of recurrent attacks of ear diseases. Currently, antiviral drug treatment plus supportive therapy are the most effective managements dealing with viral infection. Although antiviral vaccine will become a promising preventive strategy in the future.
Ear Diseases ; virology ; Humans ; Labyrinth Diseases ; virology ; Otitis Media ; virology ; Virus Diseases

The surveyof the situation of medical treatment for foreign students in Chongqing shows that there are certain problems in schools,hospitals and students etc.To strengthen the public health building,to improve conditions of medical services,to provide the necessary guide for medical treatment,and to enhance foreign students'self-adaptive capacities and so on may help solve these problems and improve the foreign students'health quality.