The inherent clinical uncertainties, substantial costs, and small patient cohorts of orphan drugs limit the applicability of randomized controlled trial (RCT)-based health technology assessments (HTAs) in guiding coverage criteria, sustainable financing models, and equitable reimbursement frameworks for medical financial assistance policies for rare diseases.The digital transformation in healthcare system leads to solutions to the challenges in designing the policy by using data-driven decision-making. This article summarizes the decision-making issues in policy design, discusses the current status and trends of digital transformation, and analyzes the important new opportunities for AI-driven policy design for medical financial assistance policies for rare diseases. Decision-making that is digital intelligence driven and using techniques such as big data analytics and real-world research methods will enhance targeting efficiency, improve the quality of financing, and realize the performance-based reimbursement in the medical financial assistance, providing significant value in facilitating the policy reform and development for rare diseases healthcare.

The relationship between glycolysis and viral infectious diseases is close,and the inter-action between viral and host glycolysis is a common mechanism found in a wide range of viruses.Therefore,the regulation of glycolysis may be an important antiviral strategy.The coronavirus diseases 2019 pandemic has brought about a tremendous disaster to humanity,compelling us to seek effective solutions from various perspectives.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection can induce an increase in host glycolysis,the level of which plays an important role in virus replication and infection,associated with the progression of the disease and a variety of clinical symp-toms and complications.The study on the interaction between host glycolysis and SARS-CoV-2 infec-tion can shed light on the pathogenic mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 and promote the research on related drugs.This article reviews the interactions between SARS-CoV-2 infection and host glycolysis in the hopes of providing a new perspective to understand the relationships between viral infections and disease in terms of metabolic regulation and formulate countermeasures.

Abstract: Objective To compare the differences in the expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) among three groups of individuals: patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), patients with drug-susceptible tuberculosis (DSP-TB), and healthy controls. By analyzing the differences between these groups, the study seeks to provide a reference basis for clinical auxiliary diagnosis of new type tuberculosis. Methods The differences in mRNA expression profiles of chip from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) among three groups were analyzed. MDR-TB and DSP-TB patients were selected as study subjects, with healthy individuals serving as a control group, and the serum IL-8 concentration of each group was measured using an ELISA assay to compare differences between groups. Additionally, PBMCs from all groups were isolated and total RNA was extracted for analysis of IL-8 and STAT3 mRNA expression using quantitative real-time PCR(Q-PCR). Differences in STAT3 protein expression among the groups were also compared by Western blot assay. Results The serum IL-8 concentration in the MDR-TB and DSP-TB groups was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The relative expression level of IL-8 mRNA in PBMCs of the MDR-TB group and DSP-TB group was also significantly higher than that of the healthy control group, with a statistical significance (P<0.05). Both Q-PCR and Western Blot results revealed that the expression of STAT3 in the healthy, DSP-TB and MDR-TB groups sequentially increased, presenting statistically significant differences between the groups (P<0.05), consistent with the mRNA chip results. Conclusions The expression of IL-8 in active tuberculosis patients (ATB) is significantly increased, which can be used as a marker to distinguish ATB from healthy populations. The changes of STAT3 concentration not only serve as a reference for the diagnosis of ATB but can also distinguish between DSP-TB and MDR-TB populations. The combined detection of IL-8 and STAT3 holds promise as a clinical auxiliary diagnostic basis for different tuberculosis patients.

Oral cancer represents a serious public health problem affecting oral and system health with a high global incidence.Treatment strategies for oral cancer vary in different disciplines and are likely to be limited to certain doctor's personal experience.While clinical practice guidelines are considered to enable doctors to determine the most appropri-ate and consistent treatment strategy according to the patient's situation.National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN)clinical practice guidelines have become the most prevalent in global clinical oncology practice.This article mainly focuses on cases to discuss the normalized treatment strategy for oral cancer in different stages based on the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology(NCCN Guidelines):Head and Neck Cancers,Version 3,2024.

Objective:To analyze the research hotspots and trends in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for cervical cancer at home and abroad in recent 30 years through visualization method.Methods:By setting "cervical cancer" and "TCM" as the research subjects, the articles were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, and Web of Science Core database (WoS) from January 1, 1992 to January 1, 2022. Citespace 5.8 R3 software was used to conduct visual analysis on the authors, institutions and keywords included in the articles.Results:A total of 1 123 Chinese articles and 573 English articles were included. The number of articles issued showed a gradual upward trend; the author with the largest number of Chinese publications was Jin Zhe, and the author with the largest number of English publications was Chen Guo. The institution with the largest number of Chinese publications was Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; the institution with the largest number of English publications was Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Keywords co-occurrence of the top 3 Chinese keywords in the network frequency (excluding the search words) were "cervical erosion", "urinary retention" and "Yunnan Baiyao"; English keywords were "HeLa cell", "bibliometric", and "information monitoring system". Chinese keywords formed 11 clusters and 25 emergent words; English keywords formed 9 clusters and 17 emergent words.Conclusions:The research content in the field of TCM of cervical cancer about knowledge map in the past 30 years at home and abroad is rich. TCM can play the role of antagonizing human papillomavirus, enhancing immune function, regulating TCM constitution, improving quality of life and so on. At present, the research hotspot is the mechanism exploration of cervical cancer and the curative effect research of clinical complications, and the research trend is clinical curative effect research.

Objective Construct a scientific and reasonable evaluation index system for clinical specialties of tradi-tional Chinese medicine in Shandong Province to provide a scientific basis for improving the service capacity of clini-cal specia lties of traditional Chinese medicine.Methods Based on relevant policies and literature research,the analytic hierarchy process and Delphi expert consultation method were used to determine the index system and its weight,and 509 clinical specialties of traditional Chinese medicine capacity levels of 178 medical institutions in Shandong Province were evaluated.Results A scientific and effective evaluation index system for clinical specialty capacity of traditional Chinese medicine in Shandong Province was constructed,with 23 secondary indicators in 5 dimen-sions.It comprehensively evaluats the service capacity and management level of orthopedics and traumatology de-partments of traditional Chinese medicine class hospitals in Shandong Province,uses orthopedics and traumatology as an example.Conclusion Driven by the dynamic monitoring of the evaluation index system,improve the service ca-pacity for clinical specialties of traditional Chinese medicine,guide it to strengthen the internal construction of tradi-tional Chinese medicine,and give full play to the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine characteristics.Increase the support for clinical specialties of traditional Chinese medicine in Shandong Province,and then promote the high-quality development of traditional Chinese medicine.

Methyltransferase like 13 (METTL13), a kind of methyltransferase, is implicated in protein binding and synthesis. The upregulation of METTL13 has been reported in a variety of tumors. However, little was known about its potential function in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) so far. In this study, we found that METTL13 was significantly upregulated in HNSCC at both mRNA and protein level. Increased METTL13 was negatively associated with clinical prognosis. And METTL13 markedly affected HNSCC cellular phenotypes in vivo and vitro. Further mechanism study revealed that METTL13 could regulate EMT signaling pathway by mediating enhancing translation efficiency of Snail, the key transcription factor in EMT, hence regulating the progression of EMT. Furthermore, Snail was verified to mediate METTL13-induced HNSCC cell malignant phenotypes. Altogether, our study had revealed the oncogenic role of METTL13 in HNSCC, and provided a potential therapeutic strategy.
Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Humans ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/genetics*

Objective To explore the correlation between TCM constitution and sleep status in escort troops. Methods Standardized TCM Constitution Questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to investigate escort troops. Factors of PSQI and constitution types were analyzed. Results The results of PSQI showed the number of escort troops who had bad sleeping (PSQI>7) was 64, which accounted for 46%of the escort troops, among which, 45 people (70.3%) were justified as biased constitution, while 19 were normal constitution (29.7%). The top three biased constitution in bad sleeping were:qi deficiency, phlegm-dampness and dampness-heat. PSQI factors such as sleep disorder, daytime dysfunction and total score had positive correlation with qi deficiency, yang deficiency, yin deficiency, dampness-heat and blood stasis, and negative correlation with normal constitution. Conclusion Sleep condition of escort troops has correlation with TCM constitution, which indicates that sleep status could be improved by regulating TCM constitution.

Objective To investigate the physiological and psychological symptoms of drug abusers under rehabilitation period through labor.Methods A self-designed clinical symptoms questionnaire and Eysenck Personality Questionaire (EPQ) were used to evaluate 1 004 drug abusers under rehabilitation period through labor, and the related symptoms were analyzed.Results The mainly physiological symptoms were fatigue, forgetfulness, aching pain of joints, arrhythmia and discomfort of limbs, and the mainly psychological symptoms are drug craving, insomnia and anxiety. The mean scores of P and E were higher in those who had the drug craving symptoms ( P<0.01), and the mean scores of N were higher in those who had the insomnia or anxiety symptoms ( P<0.01).Conclusion The mainly physiological symptoms of drug abusers under rehabilitation period through labor are fatigue, forgetfulness, aching pain of joints, arrhythmia and discomfort of limbs, which are probably caused by the unbalance of the nervous and internal secretive systems, and the plastisity of the nervous system. The psychological symptoms may due to the effect of morphine and the personality of the drug abusers.

Objective To investigate time distribution of pressure of footplate in each stage and vertical anti-force from ground of patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).Methods 40 KOA patients, 10 aged people, and 10 common saplings were selected to test time distribution of pressure of footplate in each stage and vertical anti-force from ground in period of monopodia support.Results To unilateral KOA patient, there was not obvious difference to be observed in initial contact phase and forefoot push off phase ( P>0.05), but there was a significant difference in forefoot contact phase and foot flat phase between health side and sick side ( P<0.001), and there was obvious difference decreased buffer time and buffer force coefficient between them ( P<0.01).Conclusion To KOA patients, the time decreases in weight-bearing phase and absorption shocks, and amortization coefficient also decreases. These indexes can be used as the walking index of functional assessment and the objective evidence of curative effect.