Objective:To explore the effect of companion robot therapy in dementia patients through Meta-analysis.Methods:Randomized controlled trials of companion robot therapy in patients with dementia were searched in both English and Chinese databases with a search period from database establishment to April 30, 2024. Two researchers used the Risk of Bias ROB 2 software to evaluate the quality of the included literature and analyzed it using Stata 17.0 software.Results:A total of 10 papers were included. Meta-analysis showed that the effect of the companion robot on depression in dementia patients was statistically significant when comparing experimental group with control group [ SMD=1.09, 95% CI (0.02, 2.17), P=0.047], and that the improvement of agitated behavior [ SMD=-0.28, 95% CI (-0.53, -0.04), P=0.02] and anxiety [ WMD=2.80, 95% CI (2.70, 2.90), P<0.01] in experimental group were better than those in control group, and the differences were all statistically significant. However, the differences in the effects on quality of life and neuropsychiatric symptoms in experimental group compared with control group were not statistically significant ( P>0.05) . Conclusions:Companion robots have positive effects on improving depression, agitated behavior, and anxiety in dementia patients, and are not yet effective in improving quality of life and neuropsychiatric symptoms, which need to be validated by high-quality studies in the future.

Rare diseases are a collective term for diseases with extremely low prevalence and incidence rates.Up to now,China has released two lists identifying a total of 207 rare diseases.Given that most rare diseases do not have drugs with corresponding indications,physicians frequently resort to using off-label drugs when treating patients with rare diseases.However,there is currently no systematic guideline or expert consensus for the use of off-label medications in China.To comprehensively collect existing evidence of off-label drug use for rare diseases,fully analyze and evaluate the rationality of off-label drug use for rare diseases,and standardize the management of off-label drug use for rare diseases,the Rare Disease Branch of Beijing Medical Association,Chinese Pharmaceutical Association,Beijing Pharmaceutical Association,and the School of Public Health,Peking University have jointly initiated the drafting of the Expert Consensus on Off-label Use of Drugs for Rare Diseases.This consensus refer to the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development,the Guidelines for Developing/Revising Clinical Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines in China(2022 Edition),the AGREE Ⅱ and the STAR tools.This protocol outlines the background and purpose of consensus,as well as the comprehensive framework for consensus development,encompassing panel formation,clinical issue identification,evidence retrieval,data extraction,and evidence-based recommendation formulation.

Objective The aim is to understand the common scenarios of non-medical use of prescription opioids(NMUPO)and analyze the potential facilitating and hindering factors in the regulatory process of NMUPO from the perspective of healthcare professionals.Methods Healthcare professionals in local hospitals were surveyed through a two-stage purposive sampling from June to August 2022 in Ningbo,China.The survey was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire on topics,and thematic analysis were used to identify and summarise key themes and patterns.Results A total of 75 participants were included,the average age was(43.9±7.2)years,and 54(72.0%)were male.The most common NMUPO scenarios involved middle-aged males pretending acute severe pain to obtain injectable opioids.The facilitating and hindering factors related to the regulation of NMUPO can be categorized into three types:institutional governance,technical support,and individual behaviors.At the institutional level,facilitating factors included strict national prescribing policies and local"narcotic drug card"systems,while barriers comprised incomplete lists of controlled substances.At the technological support level,facilitating factors included the establishment of regional health information platforms,while barriers included the lack of standardized prescription guidelines and diagnostic decision-support tools.At the individual level,facilitating factors included the public's cautious attitude toward drug misuse,while barriers included strained doctor-patient relationships.Conclusion China still faces significant challenges in addressing NMUPO and urgently needs to improve the existing regulatory system.It is recommended that reforms be carried out in areas such as pharmaceutical control mechanisms,drug treatment and rehabilitation services,preventive health education activities,and the optimized use of health information systems.

The inherent clinical uncertainties, substantial costs, and small patient cohorts of orphan drugs limit the applicability of randomized controlled trial (RCT)-based health technology assessments (HTAs) in guiding coverage criteria, sustainable financing models, and equitable reimbursement frameworks for medical financial assistance policies for rare diseases.The digital transformation in healthcare system leads to solutions to the challenges in designing the policy by using data-driven decision-making. This article summarizes the decision-making issues in policy design, discusses the current status and trends of digital transformation, and analyzes the important new opportunities for AI-driven policy design for medical financial assistance policies for rare diseases. Decision-making that is digital intelligence driven and using techniques such as big data analytics and real-world research methods will enhance targeting efficiency, improve the quality of financing, and realize the performance-based reimbursement in the medical financial assistance, providing significant value in facilitating the policy reform and development for rare diseases healthcare.

Rare diseases are a collective term for diseases with extremely low prevalence and incidence rates.Up to now,China has released two lists identifying a total of 207 rare diseases.Given that most rare diseases do not have drugs with corresponding indications,physicians frequently resort to using off-label drugs when treating patients with rare diseases.However,there is currently no systematic guideline or expert consensus for the use of off-label medications in China.To comprehensively collect existing evidence of off-label drug use for rare diseases,fully analyze and evaluate the rationality of off-label drug use for rare diseases,and standardize the management of off-label drug use for rare diseases,the Rare Disease Branch of Beijing Medical Association,Chinese Pharmaceutical Association,Beijing Pharmaceutical Association,and the School of Public Health,Peking University have jointly initiated the drafting of the Expert Consensus on Off-label Use of Drugs for Rare Diseases.This consensus refer to the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development,the Guidelines for Developing/Revising Clinical Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines in China(2022 Edition),the AGREE Ⅱ and the STAR tools.This protocol outlines the background and purpose of consensus,as well as the comprehensive framework for consensus development,encompassing panel formation,clinical issue identification,evidence retrieval,data extraction,and evidence-based recommendation formulation.

Objective The aim is to understand the common scenarios of non-medical use of prescription opioids(NMUPO)and analyze the potential facilitating and hindering factors in the regulatory process of NMUPO from the perspective of healthcare professionals.Methods Healthcare professionals in local hospitals were surveyed through a two-stage purposive sampling from June to August 2022 in Ningbo,China.The survey was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire on topics,and thematic analysis were used to identify and summarise key themes and patterns.Results A total of 75 participants were included,the average age was(43.9±7.2)years,and 54(72.0%)were male.The most common NMUPO scenarios involved middle-aged males pretending acute severe pain to obtain injectable opioids.The facilitating and hindering factors related to the regulation of NMUPO can be categorized into three types:institutional governance,technical support,and individual behaviors.At the institutional level,facilitating factors included strict national prescribing policies and local"narcotic drug card"systems,while barriers comprised incomplete lists of controlled substances.At the technological support level,facilitating factors included the establishment of regional health information platforms,while barriers included the lack of standardized prescription guidelines and diagnostic decision-support tools.At the individual level,facilitating factors included the public's cautious attitude toward drug misuse,while barriers included strained doctor-patient relationships.Conclusion China still faces significant challenges in addressing NMUPO and urgently needs to improve the existing regulatory system.It is recommended that reforms be carried out in areas such as pharmaceutical control mechanisms,drug treatment and rehabilitation services,preventive health education activities,and the optimized use of health information systems.

Objective:To explore the effect of companion robot therapy in dementia patients through Meta-analysis.Methods:Randomized controlled trials of companion robot therapy in patients with dementia were searched in both English and Chinese databases with a search period from database establishment to April 30, 2024. Two researchers used the Risk of Bias ROB 2 software to evaluate the quality of the included literature and analyzed it using Stata 17.0 software.Results:A total of 10 papers were included. Meta-analysis showed that the effect of the companion robot on depression in dementia patients was statistically significant when comparing experimental group with control group [ SMD=1.09, 95% CI (0.02, 2.17), P=0.047], and that the improvement of agitated behavior [ SMD=-0.28, 95% CI (-0.53, -0.04), P=0.02] and anxiety [ WMD=2.80, 95% CI (2.70, 2.90), P<0.01] in experimental group were better than those in control group, and the differences were all statistically significant. However, the differences in the effects on quality of life and neuropsychiatric symptoms in experimental group compared with control group were not statistically significant ( P>0.05) . Conclusions:Companion robots have positive effects on improving depression, agitated behavior, and anxiety in dementia patients, and are not yet effective in improving quality of life and neuropsychiatric symptoms, which need to be validated by high-quality studies in the future.

Objective:To analyze the research hotspots and trends in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for cervical cancer at home and abroad in recent 30 years through visualization method.Methods:By setting "cervical cancer" and "TCM" as the research subjects, the articles were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, and Web of Science Core database (WoS) from January 1, 1992 to January 1, 2022. Citespace 5.8 R3 software was used to conduct visual analysis on the authors, institutions and keywords included in the articles.Results:A total of 1 123 Chinese articles and 573 English articles were included. The number of articles issued showed a gradual upward trend; the author with the largest number of Chinese publications was Jin Zhe, and the author with the largest number of English publications was Chen Guo. The institution with the largest number of Chinese publications was Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; the institution with the largest number of English publications was Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Keywords co-occurrence of the top 3 Chinese keywords in the network frequency (excluding the search words) were "cervical erosion", "urinary retention" and "Yunnan Baiyao"; English keywords were "HeLa cell", "bibliometric", and "information monitoring system". Chinese keywords formed 11 clusters and 25 emergent words; English keywords formed 9 clusters and 17 emergent words.Conclusions:The research content in the field of TCM of cervical cancer about knowledge map in the past 30 years at home and abroad is rich. TCM can play the role of antagonizing human papillomavirus, enhancing immune function, regulating TCM constitution, improving quality of life and so on. At present, the research hotspot is the mechanism exploration of cervical cancer and the curative effect research of clinical complications, and the research trend is clinical curative effect research.

AIM:To explore the promoting action of chloroquine on the anti-proliferation effect of dexametha-sone on acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells .METHODS:CCK-8 assay was used to assess the viability of the dexametha-sone-resistant human acute lymphoblastic leukemia CEM-C1 cell line treated with the combination of chloroquine and dexa-methasone .Western blotting , quantitative real-time PCR and LysoTracker Red staining were utilized to examine the mecha-nism.RESULTS:Combination of chloroquine and dexamethasone significantly inhibited the proliferation of CEM -C1 cells compared with control group (P<0.01).The combination of chloroquine and dexamethasone increased the abundance of glucocorticoid receptor and inhibited lysosomal function , while lysosomal inhibitor bafilomycin A 1 also increased glucocorti-coid signaling .CONCLUSION:Dexamethasone combined with chloroquine triggers an anti-proliferation effect on CEM-C1 cells via a lysosome-mediated pathway .

OBJECTIVE:To establish an HPLC method for the detection of Prednisone acetate, Hydrocortisone, Dexamethasone acetate, Piroxicam, Diclofenac sodium, Indometacin and Ibuprofen, the 7 chemical constituents in antirheumatic traditional Chinese medicine. METHODS: The chromatographic separation was performed on a Hypersil BDS C18 column (200 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) using methanol-1 g?L-1KH2PO4(58∶42) (adjusted to pH 4.0?0.05 with H3PO4) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1. The detective wavelength was set at 220 nm. RESULTS: Seven chemical constituents were all well-separated with good linearity within respective range of sample size. CONCLUSION: The method is rapid and convenient, and can be used for the quantitative and qualitative analyses of 7 chemical constituents in antirheumatic traditional Chinese medicine and to detect whether there is addition of chemical constituents in antirheumatic traditional Chinese medicines.